Merge 208114dced into 078bb21a89

This is mostly a refactoring, but also enables handling some more
UNOPTFLAT, when the variable is only partially assigned in the cycle.

Previously the way partial assignments to variables were handled were
through the DfgVerexVar types themselves, which kept track of all
drivers. This has been replaced by DfgVertexSplice (which always drives
a DfgVeretexVar), and all DfgVertexVar now only have a single source,
either a DfgVertexSplice, if partially assigned, or an arbitrary
DfgVertex when updated as a whole.

Changes

@@ -14,19 +14,29 @@ Verilator 5.039 devel
 **Other:**
 
 * Add ENUMITEMWIDTH error, and apply to X-extended and ranged values.
+* Add NOEFFECT warning, replacing previous `foreach` error.
+* Add SPECIFYIGN warning for specify constructs that were previously silently ignored.
+* Add enum base data type, and wire data type checking per IEEE.
 * Support member-level triggers for virtual interfaces (#5166) (#6148). [Yilou Wang]
+* Support disabling a fork in additional contexts (#5432 partial) (#6174) (#6183). [Ryszard Rozak, Antmicro Ltd.]
 * Support disable dotted references (#6154). [Ryszard Rozak, Antmicro Ltd.]
-* Support randomize() on class member selects (#6161). [Igor Zaworski, Antmicro Ltd.]
+* Support randomize() on class member selects (#6161) (#6195). [Igor Zaworski, Ryszard Rozak, Antmicro Ltd.]
 * Support multiple variables on RHS of a `force` assignment (#6163). [Artur Bieniek, Antmicro Ltd.]]
+* Support covergroup extends, etc., as unsupported (#6160). [Artur Bieniek, Antmicro Ltd.]
 * Change control file `public_flat_*` and other signal attributes to support __ in names (#6140).
 * Fix constructor parameters in inheritance hierarchies (#6036) (#6070). [Petr Nohavica]
 * Fix cmake `-Wno` compiler flag testing (#6145). [Martin Stadler]
 * Fix class extends dotted error (#6162). [Igor Zaworski, Antmicro Ltd.]
 * Fix genvar error with `-O0` (#6165). [Max Wipfli]
 * Fix uninitialized thread PGO counters (#6167). [Bartłomiej Chmiel, Antmicro Ltd.]
-* Fix additional UNOPTFLAT combinational cycles automatically in DFG (#6168) (#6173). [Geza Lore]
+* Fix additional UNOPTFLAT combinational cycles automatically in DFG (#6168) (#6173) (#6176). [Geza Lore]
 * Fix omitting error when assigning to an input (#6169). [Artur Bieniek, Antmicro Ltd.]]
 * Fix param-dependent class typedef linking (#6171). [Igor Zaworski, Antmicro Ltd.]
+* Fix virtual interface member propagation (#6175) (#6184). [Yilou Wang]
+* Fix `--coverage-expr` null pointer dereference (#6181). [Igor Zaworski, Antmicro Ltd.]
+* Fix conflicting function/class name linking error (#6182). [Igor Zaworski, Antmicro Ltd.]
+* Fix VPI signal range order (#6189) (#6200). [Ibrahim Burak Yorulmaz]
+* Fix structure select causing 'Wide Op' error (#6191). [Danny Oler]
 
 
 Verilator 5.038 2025-07-08

Makefile.in

@@ -470,6 +470,7 @@ CLANGFORMAT_FLAGS = -i
 CLANGFORMAT_FILES = $(CHECK_CPP) $(CHECK_H) $(CHECK_YL) test_regress/t/*.c* test_regress/t/*.h
 
 format-c clang-format:
+	$(CLANGFORMAT) --version
 	@$(CLANGFORMAT) --version | egrep 14.0 > /dev/null \
 	|| echo "*** You are not using clang-format-14, indents may differ from master's ***"
 	$(CLANGFORMAT) $(CLANGFORMAT_FLAGS) $(CLANGFORMAT_FILES)
@@ -538,6 +539,7 @@ YAPF = yapf3
 YAPF_FLAGS = -i --parallel
 
 format-py yapf:
+	$(YAPF) --version
 	$(YAPF) $(YAPF_FLAGS) $(PY_FILES)
 
 GERSEMI = gersemi

docs/CONTRIBUTORS

@@ -84,6 +84,7 @@ Huang Rui
 Huanghuang Zhou
 HungMingWu
 HyungKi Jeong
+Ibrahim Burak Yorulmaz
 Igor Zaworski
 Ilya Barkov
 Iru Cai
@@ -157,6 +158,7 @@ Martin Schmidt
 Martin Stadler
 Mateusz Gancarz
 Matthew Ballance
+Maxim Fonarev
 Michael Bikovitsky
 Michael Killough
 Michal Czyz

docs/Makefile

@@ -68,11 +68,16 @@ pdf:
 
 ######################################################################
 
-html latex linkcheck spelling::
+html latex linkcheck::
 	$(MAKE) vl-extract
 	$(SPHINXBUILD) -M $@ "$(SOURCEDIR)" "$(BUILDDIR)" $(SPHINXOPTS)
 	$(PYTHON3) bin/vl_sphinx_fix _build
 
+spelling::
+	$(MAKE) vl-extract
+	$(SPHINXBUILD) -M $@ "$(SOURCEDIR)" "$(BUILDDIR)" $(SPHINXOPTS)
+	sort -o guide/spelling.txt guide/spelling.txt
+
 help:
 	@$(SPHINXBUILD) -M help "$(SOURCEDIR)" "$(BUILDDIR)" $(SPHINXOPTS)
 

docs/gen/ex_WIDTHEXPAND_1_faulty.rst

@@ -3,6 +3,6 @@
    :linenos:
    :emphasize-lines: 3
 
-      int array[5];
-      bit [1:0] rd_addr;
-      wire int rd_value = array[rd_addr];  //<--- Warning
+     logic [31:0] array[5];
+     bit [1:0] rd_addr;
+     wire [31:0] rd_value = array[rd_addr];  //<--- Warning

docs/gen/ex_WIDTHEXPAND_1_fixed.rst

@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@
 .. code-block:: sv
    :emphasize-lines: 1
 
-      wire int rd_value = array[{1'b0, rd_addr}];  //<--- Fixed
+     wire [31:0] rd_value = array[{1'b0, rd_addr}];  //<--- Fixed

docs/gen/ex_WIDTHEXPAND_1_msg.rst

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 .. comment: generated by t_lint_widthexpand_docs_bad
 .. code-block::
 
-   %Warning-WIDTHEXPAND: example.v:3:29 Bit extraction of array[4:0] requires 3 bit index, not 2 bits.
+   %Warning-WIDTHEXPAND: example.v:3:31 Bit extraction of array[4:0] requires 3 bit index, not 2 bits.

docs/guide/warnings.rst

@@ -458,7 +458,7 @@ List Of Warnings
 
    Warns that Verilator does not support certain forms of
    :code:`constraint`, :code:`constraint_mode`, or :code:`rand_mode`, and
-   the construct was are ignored.
+   the construct was ignored.
 
    Ignoring this warning may make Verilator randomize() simulations differ
    from other simulators.
@@ -486,7 +486,7 @@ List Of Warnings
 
    Warns that Verilator does not support certain forms of
    :code:`covergroup`, :code:`coverpoint`, and coverage options, and the
-   construct was are ignored.
+   construct was ignored.
 
    Disabling the :option:`UNSUPPORTED` error also disables this warning.
 
@@ -1308,6 +1308,21 @@ List Of Warnings
    simulate correctly.
 
 
+.. option:: NOEFFECT
+
+   Warns that the statement will have no effect and is roughly equivalent
+   to not being present.  This is only issued when it is "non-obvious",
+   e.g. a :code:`if (0)` will not result in this warning.
+
+   Faulty example:
+
+   .. code-block:: sv
+
+         foreach (array[]) begin ... end  //<--- Warning
+
+   For a fix, remove the statement.
+
+
 .. option:: NOLATCH
 
    .. TODO better example
@@ -1764,6 +1779,18 @@ List Of Warnings
    simulators.
 
 
+.. option:: SPECIFYIGN
+
+   Warns that Verilator does not support certain constructs in
+   :code:`specify` blocks, nor :code:`$sdf_annotate`, and the construct was
+   ignored.
+
+   Disabling the :option:`UNSUPPORTED` error also disables this warning.
+
+   Ignoring this warning may make Verilator ignore lint checking on the
+   construct, and get different results from other simulators.
+
+
 .. option:: SPLITVAR
 
    Warns that a variable with a :option:`/*verilator&32;split_var*/`

docs/spelling.txt

@@ -314,6 +314,7 @@ Noack
 Nodine
 Ober
 Oleg
+Oler
 Olof
 Olofsson
 Oron
@@ -601,6 +602,7 @@ coroutines
 countbits
 countones
 cout
+covergroup
 cpp
 cppstyle
 cpu

include/verilated.cpp

@@ -3061,7 +3061,7 @@ void VerilatedContext::statsPrintSummary() VL_MT_UNSAFE {
         = vl_timescaled_double((cputime != 0.0) ? (simtimeInUnits / cputime) : 0, "%0.3f %s");
     VL_PRINTF("- Verilator: %s at %s; walltime %0.3f s; speed %s/s\n", endwhy.c_str(),
               simtime.c_str(), walltime, simtimePerf.c_str());
-    const double modelMB = VlOs::memUsageBytes() / 1024.0 / 1024.0;
+    const double modelMB = VlOs::memPeakUsageBytes() / 1024.0 / 1024.0;
     VL_PRINTF("- Verilator: cpu %0.3f s on %u threads; alloced %0.0f MB\n", cputime,
               threadsInModels(), modelMB);
 }

include/verilated_std.sv

@@ -175,6 +175,14 @@ package std;
 `endif
       endtask
 
+      static task killQueue(ref process processQueue[$]);
+`ifdef VERILATOR_TIMING
+         while (processQueue.size() > 0) begin
+            processQueue.pop_back().kill();
+         end
+`endif
+      endtask
+
       // Two process references are equal if the different classes' containing
       // m_process are equal. Can't yet use <=> as the base class template
       // comparisons doesn't define <=> as they don't yet require --timing and C++20.

include/verilated_types.h

@@ -1823,6 +1823,15 @@ public:
     void deleteAll() VL_EXCLUDES(m_mutex) VL_EXCLUDES(m_deleteMutex) VL_MT_SAFE;
 };
 
+//===================================================================
+// Represents the null pointer. Used in VlClassRef and VlIfaceRef for:
+// * setting to null instead of via nullptr_t, to prevent the implicit conversion of 0 to nullptr
+// * comparing pointers to null.
+
+struct VlNull final {
+    operator bool() const { return false; }
+};
+
 //===================================================================
 // Base class for all verilated classes. Includes a reference counter, and a pointer to the deleter
 // object that should destroy it after the counter reaches 0. This allows for easy construction of
@@ -1856,18 +1865,6 @@ public:
     ~VlClass() override = default;
 };
 
-//===================================================================
-// Represents the null pointer. Used for:
-// * setting VlClassRef to null instead of via nullptr_t, to prevent the implicit conversion of 0
-//   to nullptr,
-// * comparing interface pointers to null.
-
-struct VlNull final {
-    operator bool() const { return false; }
-    bool operator==(const void* ptr) const { return !ptr; }
-};
-inline bool operator==(const void* ptr, VlNull) { return !ptr; }
-
 //===================================================================
 // Verilog class reference container
 // There are no multithreaded locks on this; the base variable must
@@ -2015,6 +2012,130 @@ static inline bool VL_CAST_DYNAMIC(VlNull in, VlClassRef<T_Lhs>& outr) {
     return true;
 }
 
+//===================================================================
+// Verilog interface reference container
+// There are no multithreaded locks on this; the base variable must
+// be protected by other means
+
+template <typename T_Iface>
+class VlIfaceRef final {
+private:
+    // TYPES
+    template <typename T_OtherIface>
+    friend class VlIfaceRef;  // Needed for template copy/move assignments
+
+    // MEMBERS
+    T_Iface* m_objp = nullptr;  // Object pointed to
+
+public:
+    // CONSTRUCTORS
+    VlIfaceRef() = default;
+    VlIfaceRef(VlNull){};
+    explicit VlIfaceRef(T_Iface* objp)
+        : m_objp{objp} {}
+    VlIfaceRef(const VlIfaceRef& copied)
+        : m_objp{copied.m_objp} {}
+    VlIfaceRef(VlIfaceRef&& moved)
+        : m_objp{std::exchange(moved.m_objp, nullptr)} {}
+    template <typename T_OtherIface>
+    VlIfaceRef(const VlIfaceRef<T_OtherIface>& copied)
+        : m_objp{copied.m_objp} {}
+    template <typename T_OtherIface>
+    VlIfaceRef(VlIfaceRef<T_OtherIface>&& moved)
+        : m_objp{std::exchange(moved.m_objp, nullptr)} {}
+    ~VlIfaceRef() {}
+
+    // METHODS
+    VlIfaceRef& operator=(T_Iface* copied) {
+        if (m_objp == copied) return *this;
+        m_objp = copied;
+        return *this;
+    }
+    VlIfaceRef& operator=(const VlIfaceRef& copied) {
+        if (m_objp == copied.m_objp) return *this;
+        m_objp = copied.m_objp;
+        return *this;
+    }
+    VlIfaceRef& operator=(VlIfaceRef&& moved) {
+        if (m_objp == moved.m_objp) return *this;
+        m_objp = std::exchange(moved.m_objp, nullptr);
+        return *this;
+    }
+    template <typename T_OtherIface>
+    VlIfaceRef& operator=(const VlIfaceRef<T_OtherIface>& copied) {
+        if (m_objp == copied.m_objp) return *this;
+        m_objp = copied.m_objp;
+        return *this;
+    }
+    template <typename T_OtherIface>
+    VlIfaceRef& operator=(VlIfaceRef<T_OtherIface>&& moved) {
+        if (m_objp == moved.m_objp) return *this;
+        m_objp = std::exchange(moved.m_objp, nullptr);
+        return *this;
+    }
+    // Assign with nullptr
+    VlIfaceRef& operator=(VlNull) {
+        m_objp = nullptr;
+        return *this;
+    }
+    // Dynamic caster
+    template <typename T_OtherIface>
+    VlIfaceRef<T_OtherIface> dynamicCast() const {
+        return VlIfaceRef<T_OtherIface>{dynamic_cast<T_OtherIface*>(m_objp)};
+    }
+    // Dereference operators
+    T_Iface& operator*() const { return *m_objp; }
+    T_Iface* operator->() const { return m_objp; }
+    // For 'if (ptr)...'
+    operator bool() const { return m_objp; }
+    // In SV A == B iff both are handles to the same object (IEEE 1800-2023 8.4)
+    template <typename T_OtherIface>
+    bool operator==(const VlIfaceRef<T_OtherIface>& rhs) const {
+        return m_objp == rhs.m_objp;
+    };
+    template <typename T_OtherIface>
+    bool operator!=(const VlIfaceRef<T_OtherIface>& rhs) const {
+        return m_objp != rhs.m_objp;
+    };
+    template <typename T_OtherIface>
+    bool operator<(const VlIfaceRef<T_OtherIface>& rhs) const {
+        return m_objp < rhs.m_objp;
+    };
+    template <typename T_OtherIface>
+    bool operator==(const T_OtherIface & rhs) const {
+        return m_objp == rhs;
+    };
+    template <typename T_OtherIface>
+    bool operator!=(const T_OtherIface & rhs) const {
+        return m_objp != rhs;
+    };
+    template <typename T_OtherIface>
+    bool operator<(const T_OtherIface & rhs) const {
+        return m_objp < rhs;
+    };
+};
+
+template <typename T_Lhs, typename T_Out>
+static inline bool VL_CAST_DYNAMIC(VlIfaceRef<T_Lhs> in, VlIfaceRef<T_Out>& outr) {
+    if (!in) {
+        outr = VlNull{};
+        return true;
+    }
+    VlIfaceRef<T_Out> casted = in.template dynamicCast<T_Out>();
+    if (VL_LIKELY(casted)) {
+        outr = casted;
+        return true;
+    } else {
+        return false;
+    }
+}
+
+template <typename T_Lhs>
+static inline bool VL_CAST_DYNAMIC(VlNull in, VlIfaceRef<T_Lhs>& outr) {
+    outr = VlNull{};
+    return true;
+}
+
 //=============================================================================
 // VlSampleQueue stores samples for input clockvars in clocking blocks. At a clocking event,
 // samples from this queue should be written to the correct input clockvar.

include/verilatedos.h

@@ -637,7 +637,7 @@ extern std::string getenvStr(const std::string& envvar,
 extern uint16_t getcpu() VL_MT_SAFE;
 
 /// Return memory usage in bytes, or 0 if unknown
-extern uint64_t memUsageBytes() VL_MT_SAFE;
+extern uint64_t memPeakUsageBytes() VL_MT_SAFE;
 
 // Internal: Record CPU time, starting point on construction, and current delta from that
 class DeltaCpuTime final {

include/verilatedos_c.h

@@ -102,9 +102,9 @@ uint16_t getcpu() VL_MT_SAFE {
 }
 
 //=========================================================================
-// VlOs::memUsageBytes implementation
+// VlOs::memPeakUsageBytes implementation
 
-uint64_t memUsageBytes() VL_MT_SAFE {
+uint64_t memPeakUsageBytes() VL_MT_SAFE {
 #if defined(_WIN32) || defined(__MINGW32__)
     const HANDLE process = GetCurrentProcess();
     PROCESS_MEMORY_COUNTERS pmc;
@@ -124,6 +124,7 @@ uint64_t memUsageBytes() VL_MT_SAFE {
         &size, &resident, &share, &text, &lib, &data, &dt);
     fclose(fp);
     if (VL_UNCOVERABLE(7 != items)) return 0;
+    // Return the vm size, not the current active set size (/proc/self/status VmRSS + VmSwap)
     return (text + data) * getpagesize();
 #endif
 }

src/V3AstNodeExpr.h

@@ -561,6 +561,7 @@ public:
 
 public:
     ASTGEN_MEMBERS_AstAddrOfCFunc;
+    void dump(std::ostream& str) const override;
     string emitVerilog() override { V3ERROR_NA_RETURN(""); }
     string emitC() override { V3ERROR_NA_RETURN(""); }
     bool cleanOut() const override { return true; }

src/V3AstNodeOther.h

@@ -1974,7 +1974,7 @@ class AstVar final : public AstNode {
     bool m_isConst : 1;  // Table contains constant data
     bool m_isContinuously : 1;  // Ever assigned continuously (for force/release)
     bool m_hasStrengthAssignment : 1;  // Is on LHS of assignment with strength specifier
-    bool m_isStatic : 1;  // Static C variable (for Verilog see instead isAutomatic)
+    bool m_isStatic : 1;  // Static C variable (for Verilog see instead lifetime())
     bool m_isPulldown : 1;  // Tri0
     bool m_isPullup : 1;  // Tri1
     bool m_isIfaceParent : 1;  // dtype is reference to interface present in this module

src/V3AstNodes.cpp

@@ -189,6 +189,12 @@ void AstNodeCond::numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs, const V3Numb
     }
 }
 
+void AstAddrOfCFunc::dump(std::ostream& str) const {
+    this->AstNodeExpr::dump(str);
+    str << " -> ";
+    funcp()->dump(str);
+}
+
 void AstBasicDType::init(VBasicDTypeKwd kwd, VSigning numer, int wantwidth, int wantwidthmin,
                          AstRange* rangep) {
     // wantwidth=0 means figure it out, but if a widthmin is >=0
@@ -936,7 +942,7 @@ AstNodeDType::CTypeRecursed AstNodeDType::cTypeRecurse(bool compound, bool packe
         info.m_type = "VlClassRef<" + EmitCBase::prefixNameProtect(adtypep) + ">";
     } else if (const auto* const adtypep = VN_CAST(dtypep, IfaceRefDType)) {
         UASSERT_OBJ(!packed, this, "Unsupported type for packed struct or union");
-        info.m_type = EmitCBase::prefixNameProtect(adtypep->ifaceViaCellp()) + "*";
+        info.m_type = "VlIfaceRef<" + EmitCBase::prefixNameProtect(adtypep->ifaceViaCellp()) + ">";
     } else if (const auto* const adtypep = VN_CAST(dtypep, UnpackArrayDType)) {
         UASSERT_OBJ(!packed, this, "Unsupported type for packed struct or union");
         if (adtypep->isCompound()) compound = true;
@@ -1110,6 +1116,9 @@ AstNode* AstArraySel::baseFromp(AstNode* nodep, bool overMembers) {
         } else if (overMembers && VN_IS(nodep, MemberSel)) {
             nodep = VN_AS(nodep, MemberSel)->fromp();
             continue;
+        } else if (overMembers && VN_IS(nodep, StructSel)) {
+            nodep = VN_AS(nodep, StructSel)->fromp();
+            continue;
         }
         // AstNodePreSel stashes the associated variable under an ATTROF
         // of VAttrType::VAR_BASE so it isn't constified

src/V3Begin.cpp

@@ -530,7 +530,11 @@ AstNode* V3Begin::convertToWhile(AstForeach* nodep) {
     }
     // The parser validates we don't have "foreach (array[,,,])"
     AstNode* const bodyp = nodep->stmtsp();
-    UASSERT_OBJ(newp, nodep, "foreach has no non-empty loop variable");
+    if (!newp) {
+        nodep->v3warn(NOEFFECT, "foreach with no loop variable has no effect");
+        VL_DO_DANGLING(nodep->unlinkFrBack()->deleteTree(), nodep);
+        return nullptr;
+    }
     if (bodyp) {
         bodyPointp->replaceWith(bodyp->unlinkFrBackWithNext());
     } else {

src/V3Common.cpp

@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ static void makeVlToString(AstClass* nodep) {
 static void makeVlToString(AstIface* nodep) {
     AstCFunc* const funcp
         = new AstCFunc{nodep->fileline(), "VL_TO_STRING", nullptr, "std::string"};
-    funcp->argTypes("const " + EmitCBase::prefixNameProtect(nodep) + "* obj");
+    funcp->argTypes("const VlIfaceRef<" + EmitCBase::prefixNameProtect(nodep) + ">& obj");
     funcp->isMethod(false);
     funcp->isConst(false);
     funcp->isStatic(false);

src/V3Coverage.cpp

@@ -39,17 +39,28 @@ class ExprCoverageEligibleVisitor final : public VNVisitor {
     // STATE
     bool m_eligible = true;
 
+    static bool elemDTypeEligible(const AstNodeDType* dtypep) {
+        dtypep = dtypep->skipRefp();
+        if (AstNodeDType* const dtp = dtypep->virtRefDTypep()) {
+            if (!elemDTypeEligible(dtp)) return false;
+        }
+        if (AstNodeDType* const dtp = dtypep->virtRefDType2p()) {
+            if (!elemDTypeEligible(dtp)) return false;
+        }
+        return !VN_IS(dtypep, ClassRefDType);
+    }
+
     void visit(AstNodeVarRef* nodep) override {
         AstNodeDType* dtypep = nodep->varp()->dtypep();
-        // Class objecs and references not supported for expression coverage
+        // Class objects and references not supported for expression coverage
         // because the object may not persist until the point at which
         // coverage data is gathered
         // This could be resolved in the future by protecting against dereferrencing
         // null pointers when cloning the expression for expression coverage
-        if (VN_CAST(dtypep, ClassRefDType)) {
-            m_eligible = false;
-        } else {
+        if (dtypep && elemDTypeEligible(dtypep)) {
             iterateChildren(nodep);
+        } else {
+            m_eligible = false;
         }
     }
 
@@ -858,7 +869,6 @@ class CoverageVisitor final : public VNVisitor {
                             != strs[!term.m_objective].end())
                             impossible = true;
                     }
-
                     if (!redundant) expr.push_back(term);
                 }
                 if (!impossible) m_exprs.push_back(std::move(expr));

src/V3Dfg.cpp

@@ -97,6 +97,16 @@ std::unique_ptr<DfgGraph> DfgGraph::clone() const {
             vtxp2clonep.emplace(&vtx, cp);
             break;
         }
+        case VDfgType::atSpliceArray: {
+            DfgSpliceArray* const cp = new DfgSpliceArray{*clonep, vtx.fileline(), vtx.dtypep()};
+            vtxp2clonep.emplace(&vtx, cp);
+            break;
+        }
+        case VDfgType::atSplicePacked: {
+            DfgSplicePacked* const cp = new DfgSplicePacked{*clonep, vtx.fileline(), vtx.dtypep()};
+            vtxp2clonep.emplace(&vtx, cp);
+            break;
+        }
         default: {
             vtx.v3fatalSrc("Unhandled operation vertex type: " + vtx.typeName());
             VL_UNREACHABLE;
@@ -109,49 +119,55 @@ std::unique_ptr<DfgGraph> DfgGraph::clone() const {
     // Constants have no inputs
     // Hook up inputs of cloned variables
     for (const DfgVertexVar& vtx : m_varVertices) {
-        switch (vtx.type()) {
-        case VDfgType::atVarArray: {
-            const DfgVarArray* const vp = vtx.as<DfgVarArray>();
-            DfgVarArray* const cp = vtxp2clonep.at(vp)->as<DfgVarArray>();
-            vp->forEachSourceEdge([&](const DfgEdge& edge, size_t i) {
-                if (DfgVertex* const srcp = edge.sourcep()) {
-                    cp->addDriver(vp->driverFileLine(i),  //
-                                  vp->driverIndex(i),  //
-                                  vtxp2clonep.at(srcp));
-                }
-            });
-            break;
-        }
-        case VDfgType::atVarPacked: {
-            const DfgVarPacked* const vp = vtx.as<DfgVarPacked>();
-            DfgVarPacked* const cp = vtxp2clonep.at(vp)->as<DfgVarPacked>();
-            vp->forEachSourceEdge([&](const DfgEdge& edge, size_t i) {
-                if (DfgVertex* const srcp = edge.sourcep()) {
-                    cp->addDriver(vp->driverFileLine(i),  //
-                                  vp->driverLsb(i),  //
-                                  vtxp2clonep.at(srcp));
-                }
-            });
-            break;
-        }
-        default: {
-            vtx.v3fatalSrc("Unhandled variable vertex type: " + vtx.typeName());
-            VL_UNREACHABLE;
-            break;
-        }
+        // All variable vertices are unary
+        if (DfgVertex* const srcp = vtx.srcp()) {
+            vtxp2clonep.at(&vtx)->as<DfgVertexVar>()->srcp(vtxp2clonep.at(srcp));
         }
     }
     // Hook up inputs of cloned operation vertices
     for (const DfgVertex& vtx : m_opVertices) {
-        DfgVertex* const cp = vtxp2clonep.at(&vtx);
-        // The code below doesn't work for DfgVertexVariadic, but none of the opVertices are such.
-        UASSERT_OBJ(!vtx.is<DfgVertexVariadic>(), &vtx, "DfgVertexVariadic not handled");
-        const auto oSourceEdges = vtx.sourceEdges();
-        auto cSourceEdges = cp->sourceEdges();
-        UASSERT_OBJ(oSourceEdges.second == cSourceEdges.second, &vtx, "Mismatched source count");
-        for (size_t i = 0; i < oSourceEdges.second; ++i) {
-            if (DfgVertex* const srcp = oSourceEdges.first[i].sourcep()) {
-                cSourceEdges.first[i].relinkSource(vtxp2clonep.at(srcp));
+        if (vtx.is<DfgVertexVariadic>()) {
+            switch (vtx.type()) {
+            case VDfgType::atSpliceArray: {
+                const DfgSpliceArray* const vp = vtx.as<DfgSpliceArray>();
+                DfgSpliceArray* const cp = vtxp2clonep.at(vp)->as<DfgSpliceArray>();
+                vp->forEachSourceEdge([&](const DfgEdge& edge, size_t i) {
+                    if (DfgVertex* const srcp = edge.sourcep()) {
+                        cp->addDriver(vp->driverFileLine(i),  //
+                                      vp->driverIndex(i),  //
+                                      vtxp2clonep.at(srcp));
+                    }
+                });
+                break;
+            }
+            case VDfgType::atSplicePacked: {
+                const DfgSplicePacked* const vp = vtx.as<DfgSplicePacked>();
+                DfgSplicePacked* const cp = vtxp2clonep.at(vp)->as<DfgSplicePacked>();
+                vp->forEachSourceEdge([&](const DfgEdge& edge, size_t i) {
+                    if (DfgVertex* const srcp = edge.sourcep()) {
+                        cp->addDriver(vp->driverFileLine(i),  //
+                                      vp->driverLsb(i),  //
+                                      vtxp2clonep.at(srcp));
+                    }
+                });
+                break;
+            }
+            default: {
+                vtx.v3fatalSrc("Unhandled DfgVertexVariadic sub type: " + vtx.typeName());
+                VL_UNREACHABLE;
+                break;
+            }
+            }
+        } else {
+            DfgVertex* const cp = vtxp2clonep.at(&vtx);
+            const auto oSourceEdges = vtx.sourceEdges();
+            auto cSourceEdges = cp->sourceEdges();
+            UASSERT_OBJ(oSourceEdges.second == cSourceEdges.second, &vtx,
+                        "Mismatched source count");
+            for (size_t i = 0; i < oSourceEdges.second; ++i) {
+                if (DfgVertex* const srcp = oSourceEdges.first[i].sourcep()) {
+                    cSourceEdges.first[i].relinkSource(vtxp2clonep.at(srcp));
+                }
             }
         }
     }
@@ -313,6 +329,25 @@ static void dumpDotVertex(std::ostream& os, const DfgVertex& vtx) {
         return;
     }
 
+    if (vtx.is<DfgVertexSplice>()) {
+        os << toDotId(vtx);
+        os << " [label=\"" << vtx.typeName() << "\n";
+        if (const DfgSpliceArray* const sp = vtx.cast<DfgSpliceArray>()) {
+            const int elements = VN_AS(sp->dtypep(), UnpackArrayDType)->elementsConst();
+            os << "_[" << elements << "]";
+        } else {
+            os << "W" << vtx.width();
+        }
+        os << " / F" << vtx.fanout() << '"';
+        if (vtx.hasMultipleSinks()) {
+            os << ", shape=doubleoctagon";
+        } else {
+            os << ", shape=octagon";
+        }
+        os << "]\n";
+        return;
+    }
+
     os << toDotId(vtx);
     os << " [label=\"" << vtx.typeName() << "\nW" << vtx.width() << " / F" << vtx.fanout() << '"';
     if (vtx.hasMultipleSinks()) {
@@ -336,7 +371,7 @@ static void dumpDotVertexAndSourceEdges(std::ostream& os, const DfgVertex& vtx)
     vtx.forEachSourceEdge([&](const DfgEdge& edge, size_t idx) {  //
         if (edge.sourcep()) {
             string headLabel;
-            if (vtx.arity() > 1 || vtx.is<DfgVertexVar>()) headLabel = vtx.srcName(idx);
+            if (vtx.arity() > 1 || vtx.is<DfgVertexSplice>()) headLabel = vtx.srcName(idx);
             dumpDotEdge(os, edge, headLabel);
         }
     });
@@ -521,24 +556,34 @@ bool DfgVertex::selfEquals(const DfgVertex& that) const { return true; }
 V3Hash DfgVertex::selfHash() const { return V3Hash{}; }
 
 bool DfgVertex::equals(const DfgVertex& that, EqualsCache& cache) const {
+    // If same vertex, then equal
     if (this == &that) return true;
+
+    // If different type, then not equal
     if (this->type() != that.type()) return false;
+
+    // If different data type, then not equal
     if (this->dtypep() != that.dtypep()) return false;
+
+    // If different number of inputs, then not equal
+    auto thisPair = this->sourceEdges();
+    const DfgEdge* const thisSrcEdgesp = thisPair.first;
+    const size_t thisArity = thisPair.second;
+    auto thatPair = that.sourceEdges();
+    const DfgEdge* const thatSrcEdgesp = thatPair.first;
+    const size_t thatArity = thatPair.second;
+    if (thisArity != thatArity) return false;
+
+    // Check vertex specifics
     if (!this->selfEquals(that)) return false;
 
+    // Check sources
     const auto key = (this < &that) ? EqualsCache::key_type{this, &that}  //
                                     : EqualsCache::key_type{&that, this};
     // Note: the recursive invocation can cause a re-hash but that will not invalidate references
     uint8_t& result = cache[key];
     if (!result) {
         result = 2;  // Assume equals
-        auto thisPair = this->sourceEdges();
-        const DfgEdge* const thisSrcEdgesp = thisPair.first;
-        const size_t thisArity = thisPair.second;
-        auto thatPair = that.sourceEdges();
-        const DfgEdge* const thatSrcEdgesp = thatPair.first;
-        const size_t thatArity = thatPair.second;
-        UASSERT_OBJ(thisArity == thatArity, this, "Same type vertices must have same arity!");
         for (size_t i = 0; i < thisArity; ++i) {
             const DfgVertex* const thisSrcVtxp = thisSrcEdgesp[i].m_sourcep;
             const DfgVertex* const thatSrcVtxp = thatSrcEdgesp[i].m_sourcep;
@@ -561,7 +606,12 @@ V3Hash DfgVertex::hash() {
         // variables, which we rely on.
         if (!is<DfgVertexVar>()) {
             hash += m_type;
-            hash += width();  // Currently all non-variable vertices are packed, so this is safe
+            if (AstUnpackArrayDType* const adtypep = VN_CAST(dtypep(), UnpackArrayDType)) {
+                hash += adtypep->elementsConst();
+                // TODO: maybe include sub-dtype, but not hugely important at the moment
+            } else {
+                hash += width();
+            }
             const auto pair = sourceEdges();
             const DfgEdge* const edgesp = pair.first;
             const size_t arity = pair.second;
@@ -579,19 +629,16 @@ uint32_t DfgVertex::fanout() const {
     return result;
 }
 
-DfgVarPacked* DfgVertex::getResultVar() {
-    UASSERT_OBJ(!this->is<DfgVarArray>(), this, "Arrays are not supported by " << __FUNCTION__);
-
+DfgVertexVar* DfgVertex::getResultVar() {
     // It's easy if the vertex is already a variable ...
-    if (DfgVarPacked* const varp = this->cast<DfgVarPacked>()) return varp;
+    if (DfgVertexVar* const varp = this->cast<DfgVertexVar>()) return varp;
 
-    // Inspect existing variables fully written by this vertex, and choose one
-    DfgVarPacked* resp = nullptr;
+    // Inspect existing variables written by this vertex, and choose one
+    DfgVertexVar* resp = nullptr;
     // cppcheck-has-bug-suppress constParameter
     this->forEachSink([&resp](DfgVertex& sink) {
-        DfgVarPacked* const varp = sink.cast<DfgVarPacked>();
+        DfgVertexVar* const varp = sink.cast<DfgVertexVar>();
         if (!varp) return;
-        if (!varp->isDrivenFullyByDfg()) return;
         // Ignore SystemC variables, they cannot participate in expressions or
         // be assigned rvalue expressions.
         if (varp->varp()->isSc()) return;
@@ -694,6 +741,42 @@ bool DfgSel::selfEquals(const DfgVertex& that) const { return lsb() == that.as<D
 
 V3Hash DfgSel::selfHash() const { return V3Hash{lsb()}; }
 
+// DfgSpliceArray ----------
+
+bool DfgSpliceArray::selfEquals(const DfgVertex& that) const {
+    const DfgSpliceArray* const thatp = that.as<DfgSpliceArray>();
+    const size_t arity = this->arity();
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < arity; ++i) {
+        if (driverIndex(i) != thatp->driverIndex(i)) return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+V3Hash DfgSpliceArray::selfHash() const {
+    V3Hash hash;
+    const size_t arity = this->arity();
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < arity; ++i) hash += driverIndex(i);
+    return hash;
+}
+
+// DfgSplicePacked ----------
+
+bool DfgSplicePacked::selfEquals(const DfgVertex& that) const {
+    const DfgSplicePacked* const thatp = that.as<DfgSplicePacked>();
+    const size_t arity = this->arity();
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < arity; ++i) {
+        if (driverLsb(i) != thatp->driverLsb(i)) return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+V3Hash DfgSplicePacked::selfHash() const {
+    V3Hash hash;
+    const size_t arity = this->arity();
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < arity; ++i) hash += driverLsb(i);
+    return hash;
+}
+
 // DfgVertexVar ----------
 
 bool DfgVertexVar::selfEquals(const DfgVertex& that) const {

src/V3Dfg.h

@@ -238,8 +238,7 @@ public:
 
     // Width of result
     uint32_t width() const {
-        // This is a hot enough function that this is an expensive check, so in debug build only.
-        UDEBUGONLY(UASSERT_OBJ(VN_IS(dtypep(), BasicDType), this, "non-packed has no 'width()'"););
+        UASSERT_OBJ(VN_IS(dtypep(), BasicDType), this, "non-packed has no 'width()'");
         return dtypep()->width();
     }
 
@@ -283,7 +282,7 @@ public:
 
     // Return a canonical variable vertex that holds the value of this vertex,
     // or nullptr if no such variable exists in the graph. This is O(fanout).
-    DfgVarPacked* getResultVar() VL_MT_DISABLED;
+    DfgVertexVar* getResultVar() VL_MT_DISABLED;
 
     // Cache type for 'scopep' below
     using ScopeCache = std::unordered_map<const DfgVertex*, AstScope*>;
@@ -572,7 +571,7 @@ class DfgVertexVariadic VL_NOT_FINAL : public DfgVertex {
 
 protected:
     DfgVertexVariadic(DfgGraph& dfg, VDfgType type, FileLine* flp, AstNodeDType* dtypep,
-                      uint32_t initialCapacity = 1)
+                      uint32_t initialCapacity)
         : DfgVertex{dfg, type, flp, dtypep}
         , m_srcsp{allocSources(initialCapacity)}
         , m_srcCap{initialCapacity} {}
@@ -914,15 +913,14 @@ bool DfgVertex::isOnes() const {
 // Inline method definitions - for DfgVertexVar
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-DfgVertexVar::DfgVertexVar(DfgGraph& dfg, VDfgType type, AstVar* varp, uint32_t initialCapacity)
-    : DfgVertexVariadic{dfg, type, varp->fileline(), dtypeFor(varp), initialCapacity}
+DfgVertexVar::DfgVertexVar(DfgGraph& dfg, VDfgType type, AstVar* varp)
+    : DfgVertexUnary{dfg, type, varp->fileline(), dtypeFor(varp)}
     , m_varp{varp}
     , m_varScopep{nullptr} {
     UASSERT_OBJ(dfg.modulep(), varp, "Un-scoped DfgVertexVar created in scoped DfgGraph");
 }
-DfgVertexVar::DfgVertexVar(DfgGraph& dfg, VDfgType type, AstVarScope* vscp,
-                           uint32_t initialCapacity)
-    : DfgVertexVariadic{dfg, type, vscp->fileline(), dtypeFor(vscp), initialCapacity}
+DfgVertexVar::DfgVertexVar(DfgGraph& dfg, VDfgType type, AstVarScope* vscp)
+    : DfgVertexUnary{dfg, type, vscp->fileline(), dtypeFor(vscp)}
     , m_varp{vscp->varp()}
     , m_varScopep{vscp} {
     UASSERT_OBJ(!dfg.modulep(), vscp, "Scoped DfgVertexVar created in un-scoped DfgGraph");

src/V3DfgAstToDfg.cpp

@@ -183,49 +183,37 @@ class AstToDfgVisitor final : public VNVisitor {
         return m_foundUnhandled;
     }
 
-    // Build DfgEdge representing the LValue assignment. Returns false if unsuccessful.
-    bool convertAssignment(FileLine* flp, AstNode* nodep, DfgVertex* vtxp) {
+    DfgVertexSplice* convertLValue(AstNode* nodep) {
+        FileLine* const flp = nodep->fileline();
+
         if (AstVarRef* const vrefp = VN_CAST(nodep, VarRef)) {
             m_foundUnhandled = false;
             visit(vrefp);
-            // cppcheck-has-bug-suppress knownConditionTrueFalse
-            if (m_foundUnhandled) return false;
-            getVertex(vrefp)->template as<DfgVarPacked>()->addDriver(flp, 0, vtxp);
-            return true;
-        }
-        if (AstSel* const selp = VN_CAST(nodep, Sel)) {
-            AstVarRef* const vrefp = VN_CAST(selp->fromp(), VarRef);
-            const AstConst* const lsbp = VN_CAST(selp->lsbp(), Const);
-            if (!vrefp || !lsbp) {
-                ++m_ctx.m_nonRepLhs;
-                return false;
+            if (m_foundUnhandled) return nullptr;
+            DfgVertexVar* const vtxp = getVertex(vrefp)->template as<DfgVertexVar>();
+            // Ensure driving splice vertex exists
+            if (!vtxp->srcp()) {
+                if (VN_IS(vtxp->dtypep(), UnpackArrayDType)) {
+                    vtxp->srcp(new DfgSpliceArray{*m_dfgp, flp, vtxp->dtypep()});
+                } else {
+                    vtxp->srcp(new DfgSplicePacked{*m_dfgp, flp, vtxp->dtypep()});
+                }
             }
-            m_foundUnhandled = false;
-            visit(vrefp);
-            // cppcheck-has-bug-suppress knownConditionTrueFalse
-            if (m_foundUnhandled) return false;
-            getVertex(vrefp)->template as<DfgVarPacked>()->addDriver(flp, lsbp->toUInt(), vtxp);
-            return true;
-        }
-        if (AstArraySel* const selp = VN_CAST(nodep, ArraySel)) {
-            AstVarRef* const vrefp = VN_CAST(selp->fromp(), VarRef);
-            const AstConst* const idxp = VN_CAST(selp->bitp(), Const);
-            if (!vrefp || !idxp) {
-                ++m_ctx.m_nonRepLhs;
-                return false;
-            }
-            m_foundUnhandled = false;
-            visit(vrefp);
-            // cppcheck-has-bug-suppress knownConditionTrueFalse
-            if (m_foundUnhandled) return false;
-            getVertex(vrefp)->template as<DfgVarArray>()->addDriver(flp, idxp->toUInt(), vtxp);
-            return true;
+            return vtxp->srcp()->as<DfgVertexSplice>();
         }
+
+        ++m_ctx.m_nonRepLhs;
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    // Build DfgEdge representing the LValue assignment. Returns false if unsuccessful.
+    bool convertAssignment(FileLine* flp, AstNode* nodep, DfgVertex* vtxp) {
+        // Concatenation on the LHS. Select parts of the driving 'vtxp' then convert each part
         if (AstConcat* const concatp = VN_CAST(nodep, Concat)) {
             AstNode* const lhsp = concatp->lhsp();
             AstNode* const rhsp = concatp->rhsp();
 
-            {
+            {  // Convet LHS of concat
                 FileLine* const lFlp = lhsp->fileline();
                 DfgSel* const lVtxp = new DfgSel{*m_dfgp, lFlp, DfgVertex::dtypeFor(lhsp)};
                 lVtxp->fromp(vtxp);
@@ -233,7 +221,7 @@ class AstToDfgVisitor final : public VNVisitor {
                 if (!convertAssignment(flp, lhsp, lVtxp)) return false;
             }
 
-            {
+            {  // Convert RHS of concat
                 FileLine* const rFlp = rhsp->fileline();
                 DfgSel* const rVtxp = new DfgSel{*m_dfgp, rFlp, DfgVertex::dtypeFor(rhsp)};
                 rVtxp->fromp(vtxp);
@@ -241,7 +229,37 @@ class AstToDfgVisitor final : public VNVisitor {
                 return convertAssignment(flp, rhsp, rVtxp);
             }
         }
-        ++m_ctx.m_nonRepLhs;
+
+        if (AstSel* const selp = VN_CAST(nodep, Sel)) {
+            AstVarRef* const vrefp = VN_CAST(selp->fromp(), VarRef);
+            const AstConst* const lsbp = VN_CAST(selp->lsbp(), Const);
+            if (!vrefp || !lsbp) {
+                ++m_ctx.m_nonRepLhs;
+                return false;
+            }
+            if (DfgVertexSplice* const splicep = convertLValue(vrefp)) {
+                splicep->template as<DfgSplicePacked>()->addDriver(flp, lsbp->toUInt(), vtxp);
+                return true;
+            }
+        } else if (AstArraySel* const selp = VN_CAST(nodep, ArraySel)) {
+            AstVarRef* const vrefp = VN_CAST(selp->fromp(), VarRef);
+            const AstConst* const idxp = VN_CAST(selp->bitp(), Const);
+            if (!vrefp || !idxp) {
+                ++m_ctx.m_nonRepLhs;
+                return false;
+            }
+            if (DfgVertexSplice* const splicep = convertLValue(vrefp)) {
+                splicep->template as<DfgSpliceArray>()->addDriver(flp, idxp->toUInt(), vtxp);
+                return true;
+            }
+        } else if (VN_IS(nodep, VarRef)) {
+            if (DfgVertexSplice* const splicep = convertLValue(nodep)) {
+                splicep->template as<DfgSplicePacked>()->addDriver(flp, 0, vtxp);
+                return true;
+            }
+        } else {
+            ++m_ctx.m_nonRepLhs;
+        }
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -315,18 +333,23 @@ class AstToDfgVisitor final : public VNVisitor {
         for (DfgVarPacked* const varp : m_varPackedps) {
             // Delete variables with no sinks nor sources (this can happen due to reverting
             // uncommitted vertices, which does not remove variables)
-            if (!varp->hasSinks() && varp->arity() == 0) {
+            if (!varp->hasSinks() && !varp->srcp()) {
                 VL_DO_DANGLING(varp->unlinkDelete(*m_dfgp), varp);
                 continue;
             }
 
+            // Nothing to do for un-driven (input) variables
+            if (!varp->srcp()) continue;
+
+            DfgSplicePacked* const splicep = varp->srcp()->as<DfgSplicePacked>();
+
             // Gather (and unlink) all drivers
             std::vector<Driver> drivers;
-            drivers.reserve(varp->arity());
-            varp->forEachSourceEdge([this, varp, &drivers](DfgEdge& edge, size_t idx) {
+            drivers.reserve(splicep->arity());
+            splicep->forEachSourceEdge([this, splicep, &drivers](DfgEdge& edge, size_t idx) {
                 DfgVertex* const driverp = edge.sourcep();
                 UASSERT(driverp, "Should not have created undriven sources");
-                addDriver(varp->driverFileLine(idx), varp->driverLsb(idx), driverp, drivers);
+                addDriver(splicep->driverFileLine(idx), splicep->driverLsb(idx), driverp, drivers);
                 edge.unlinkSource();
             });
 
@@ -424,10 +447,10 @@ class AstToDfgVisitor final : public VNVisitor {
             }
 
             // Reinsert drivers in order
-            varp->resetSources();
+            splicep->resetSources();
             for (const Driver& driver : drivers) {
                 if (!driver.m_vtxp) break;  // Stop at end of compacted list
-                varp->addDriver(driver.m_fileline, driver.m_lsb, driver.m_vtxp);
+                splicep->addDriver(driver.m_fileline, driver.m_lsb, driver.m_vtxp);
             }
 
             // Prune vertices potentially unused due to resolving multiple drivers.
@@ -442,6 +465,15 @@ class AstToDfgVisitor final : public VNVisitor {
                 vtxp->forEachSource([&](DfgVertex& src) { prune.emplace(&src); });
                 vtxp->unlinkDelete(*m_dfgp);
             }
+
+            // If the whole variable is driven, remove the splice node
+            if (splicep->arity() == 1  //
+                && splicep->driverLsb(0) == 0  //
+                && splicep->source(0)->width() == varp->width()) {
+                varp->srcp(splicep->source(0));
+                varp->driverFileLine(splicep->driverFileLine(0));
+                splicep->unlinkDelete(*m_dfgp);
+            }
         }
     }
 
@@ -450,7 +482,7 @@ class AstToDfgVisitor final : public VNVisitor {
         for (DfgVarArray* const varp : m_varArrayps) {
             // Delete variables with no sinks nor sources (this can happen due to reverting
             // uncommitted vertices, which does not remove variables)
-            if (!varp->hasSinks() && varp->arity() == 0) {
+            if (!varp->hasSinks() && !varp->srcp()) {
                 VL_DO_DANGLING(varp->unlinkDelete(*m_dfgp), varp);
             }
         }

src/V3DfgBreakCycles.cpp

@@ -363,7 +363,7 @@ class TraceDriver final : public DfgVisitor {
         UINFO(9, "TraceDriver - Unhandled vertex type: " << vtxp->typeName());
     }
 
-    void visit(DfgVarPacked* vtxp) override {
+    void visit(DfgSplicePacked* vtxp) override {
         // Proceed with the driver that wholly covers the searched bits
         const auto pair = vtxp->sourceEdges();
         for (size_t i = 0; i < pair.second; ++i) {
@@ -378,6 +378,13 @@ class TraceDriver final : public DfgVisitor {
         }
     }
 
+    void visit(DfgVarPacked* vtxp) override {
+        if (DfgVertex* const srcp = vtxp->srcp()) {
+            SET_RESULT(trace(srcp, m_msb, m_lsb));
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+
     void visit(DfgConcat* vtxp) override {
         DfgVertex* const rhsp = vtxp->rhsp();
         DfgVertex* const lhsp = vtxp->lhsp();
@@ -607,10 +614,7 @@ class IndependentBits final : public DfgVisitor {
         mask(vtxp).setAllBits1();  // intentionally not using MASK here
     }
 
-    void visit(DfgVarPacked* vtxp) override {
-        // The mask of the traced variable is known to be all ones
-        if (vtxp == m_varp) return;
-
+    void visit(DfgSplicePacked* vtxp) override {
         // Combine the masks of all drivers
         V3Number& m = MASK(vtxp);
         vtxp->forEachSourceEdge([&](DfgEdge& edge, size_t i) {
@@ -619,6 +623,14 @@ class IndependentBits final : public DfgVisitor {
         });
     }
 
+    void visit(DfgVarPacked* vtxp) override {
+        // The mask of the traced variable is known to be all ones
+        if (vtxp == m_varp) return;
+
+        // Combine the masks of all drivers
+        if (DfgVertex* const srcp = vtxp->srcp()) MASK(vtxp) = MASK(srcp);
+    }
+
     void visit(DfgConcat* vtxp) override {
         const DfgVertex* const rhsp = vtxp->rhsp();
         const DfgVertex* const lhsp = vtxp->lhsp();
@@ -732,6 +744,13 @@ class IndependentBits final : public DfgVisitor {
             DfgVertex* const currp = m_workList.front();
             m_workList.pop_front();
 
+            if (VN_IS(currp->dtypep(), UnpackArrayDType)) {
+                // For an unpacked array vertex, just enque it's sinks.
+                // (There can be no loops through arrays directly)
+                currp->forEachSink([&](DfgVertex& vtx) { m_workList.emplace_back(&vtx); });
+                continue;
+            }
+
             // Grab current mask of item
             const V3Number& maskCurr = mask(currp);
             // Remember current mask
@@ -764,16 +783,11 @@ public:
     // so bits reported dependent might not actually be, but all bits reported
     // independent are known to be so.
     static V3Number apply(DfgVarPacked* varp) {
+        UASSERT_OBJ(varp->srcp(), varp, "Don't call on undriven variable");
         IndependentBits independentBits{varp};
-        // Combine the masks of all drivers of the variable
+        // The mask represents the dependent bits, so invert it
         V3Number result{varp->fileline(), static_cast<int>(varp->width()), 0};
-        varp->forEachSourceEdge([&](DfgEdge& edge, size_t i) {
-            const DfgVertex* const srcp = edge.sourcep();
-            // The mask represents the dependent bits, so invert it
-            V3Number inverseMask{srcp->fileline(), static_cast<int>(srcp->width()), 0};
-            inverseMask.opNot(independentBits.mask(srcp));
-            result.opSelInto(inverseMask, varp->driverLsb(i), srcp->width());
-        });
+        result.opNot(independentBits.mask(varp->srcp()));
         return result;
     }
 };

src/V3DfgDecomposition.cpp

@@ -341,32 +341,20 @@ class ExtractCyclicComponents final {
         return *clonep;
     }
 
-    // Fix up non-variable sources of a DfgVertexVar that are in a different component,
-    // using the provided 'relink' callback
-    template <typename T_Vertex>
-    void fixSources(T_Vertex& vtx, std::function<void(T_Vertex&, DfgVertex&, size_t)> relink) {
-        static_assert(std::is_base_of<DfgVertexVar, T_Vertex>::value,
-                      "'Vertex' must be a 'DfgVertexVar'");
+    // Fix edges that cross components
+    void fixEdges(DfgVertexVar& vtx) {
         const size_t component = state(vtx).component;
-        vtx.forEachSourceEdge([&](DfgEdge& edge, size_t idx) {
-            DfgVertex& source = *edge.sourcep();
-            // DfgVertexVar sources are fixed up by `fixSinks` on those sources
-            if (source.is<DfgVertexVar>()) return;
-            const size_t sourceComponent = state(source).component;
-            // Same component is OK
-            if (sourceComponent == component) return;
-            // Unlink the source edge (source is reconnected by 'relink'
-            edge.unlinkSource();
-            // Apply the fixup
-            // cppcheck-has-bug-suppress constVariable
-            DfgVertexVar& clone = getClone(vtx, sourceComponent);
-            relink(*(clone.as<T_Vertex>()), source, idx);
-        });
-    }
 
-    // Fix up sinks of given variable vertex that are in a different component
-    void fixSinks(DfgVertexVar& vtx) {
-        const size_t component = state(vtx).component;
+        // All variable vertices have at most a single source, and only variable
+        // vertices can have multiple sinks, therefore the source must be either:
+        // - in the same component as the variable vertex
+        // - be a variable vertex itself, which might be in a different component
+        // The later case will be fixed up when handling the source variable
+        DfgVertex* const srcp = vtx.srcp();
+        UASSERT_OBJ(!srcp || srcp->is<DfgVertexVar>() || state(*srcp).component == component, &vtx,
+                    "Driver of DfgVertexVar must be in the same component");
+
+        // Fix up sinks in a differetn component
         vtx.forEachSinkEdge([&](DfgEdge& edge) {
             const size_t sinkComponent = state(*edge.sinkp()).component;
             // Same component is OK
@@ -376,49 +364,6 @@ class ExtractCyclicComponents final {
         });
     }
 
-    // Fix edges that cross components
-    void fixEdges(DfgVertexVar& vtx) {
-        if (DfgVarPacked* const vvtxp = vtx.cast<DfgVarPacked>()) {
-            fixSources<DfgVarPacked>(
-                *vvtxp, [&](DfgVarPacked& clone, DfgVertex& driver, size_t driverIdx) {
-                    clone.addDriver(vvtxp->driverFileLine(driverIdx),  //
-                                    vvtxp->driverLsb(driverIdx), &driver);
-                });
-            fixSinks(*vvtxp);
-            return;
-        }
-
-        if (DfgVarArray* const vvtxp = vtx.cast<DfgVarArray>()) {
-            fixSources<DfgVarArray>(  //
-                *vvtxp, [&](DfgVarArray& clone, DfgVertex& driver, size_t driverIdx) {
-                    clone.addDriver(vvtxp->driverFileLine(driverIdx),  //
-                                    vvtxp->driverIndex(driverIdx), &driver);
-                });
-            fixSinks(*vvtxp);
-            return;
-        }
-    }
-
-    static void packSources(DfgGraph& dfg) {
-        // Remove undriven variable sources
-        for (DfgVertexVar* const vtxp : dfg.varVertices().unlinkable()) {
-            if (DfgVarPacked* const varp = vtxp->cast<DfgVarPacked>()) {
-                varp->packSources();
-                if (!varp->hasSinks() && varp->arity() == 0) {
-                    VL_DO_DANGLING(varp->unlinkDelete(dfg), varp);
-                }
-                continue;
-            }
-            if (DfgVarArray* const varp = vtxp->cast<DfgVarArray>()) {
-                varp->packSources();
-                if (!varp->hasSinks() && varp->arity() == 0) {
-                    VL_DO_DANGLING(varp->unlinkDelete(dfg), varp);
-                }
-                continue;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
     template <typename Vertex>
     void moveVertices(DfgVertex::List<Vertex>& list) {
         for (DfgVertex* const vtxp : list.unlinkable()) {
@@ -446,11 +391,6 @@ class ExtractCyclicComponents final {
                 UASSERT_OBJ(component == state(snk).component, &vtx,
                             "Edge crossing components without variable involvement");
             });
-            if (const DfgVertexVar* const vtxp = vtx.cast<DfgVertexVar>()) {
-                vtxp->forEachSourceEdge([](const DfgEdge& edge, size_t) {
-                    UASSERT_OBJ(edge.sourcep(), edge.sinkp(), "Missing source on variable vertex");
-                });
-            }
         });
     }
 
@@ -489,11 +429,6 @@ class ExtractCyclicComponents final {
             if (&vtx == lastp) break;
         }
 
-        // Pack sources of variables to remove the now undriven inputs
-        // (cloning might have unlinked some of the inputs),
-        packSources(m_dfg);
-        for (const auto& dfgp : m_components) packSources(*dfgp);
-
         // Check results for consistency
         if (VL_UNLIKELY(m_doExpensiveChecks)) {
             checkEdges(m_dfg);

src/V3DfgDfgToAst.cpp

@@ -201,45 +201,52 @@ class DfgToAstVisitor final : DfgVisitor {
         ++m_ctx.m_resultEquations;
     }
 
-    void convertVarDriver(const DfgVarPacked* dfgVarp) {
-        if (dfgVarp->isDrivenFullyByDfg()) {
-            // Whole variable is driven. Render driver and assign directly to whole variable.
-            FileLine* const flp = dfgVarp->driverFileLine(0);
-            AstVarRef* const lhsp = new AstVarRef{flp, getNode(dfgVarp), VAccess::WRITE};
-            AstNodeExpr* const rhsp = convertDfgVertexToAstNodeExpr(dfgVarp->source(0));
-            addResultEquation(dfgVarp, flp, lhsp, rhsp);
-        } else {
+    void convertPackedDriver(const DfgVarPacked* dfgVarp) {
+        if (DfgSplicePacked* const splicep = dfgVarp->srcp()->cast<DfgSplicePacked>()) {
             // Variable is driven partially. Render each driver as a separate assignment.
-            dfgVarp->forEachSourceEdge([&](const DfgEdge& edge, size_t idx) {
+            splicep->forEachSourceEdge([&](const DfgEdge& edge, size_t idx) {
                 UASSERT_OBJ(edge.sourcep(), dfgVarp, "Should have removed undriven sources");
                 // Render the rhs expression
                 AstNodeExpr* const rhsp = convertDfgVertexToAstNodeExpr(edge.sourcep());
                 // Create select LValue
-                FileLine* const flp = dfgVarp->driverFileLine(idx);
+                FileLine* const flp = splicep->driverFileLine(idx);
                 AstVarRef* const refp = new AstVarRef{flp, getNode(dfgVarp), VAccess::WRITE};
-                AstConst* const lsbp = new AstConst{flp, dfgVarp->driverLsb(idx)};
+                AstConst* const lsbp = new AstConst{flp, splicep->driverLsb(idx)};
                 const int width = static_cast<int>(edge.sourcep()->width());
                 AstSel* const lhsp = new AstSel{flp, refp, lsbp, width};
                 // Add assignment of the value to the selected bits
                 addResultEquation(dfgVarp, flp, lhsp, rhsp);
             });
+            return;
         }
+
+        // Whole variable is driven. Render driver and assign directly to whole variable.
+        FileLine* const flp
+            = dfgVarp->driverFileLine() ? dfgVarp->driverFileLine() : dfgVarp->fileline();
+        AstVarRef* const lhsp = new AstVarRef{flp, getNode(dfgVarp), VAccess::WRITE};
+        AstNodeExpr* const rhsp = convertDfgVertexToAstNodeExpr(dfgVarp->srcp());
+        addResultEquation(dfgVarp, flp, lhsp, rhsp);
     }
 
     void convertArrayDiver(const DfgVarArray* dfgVarp) {
-        // Variable is driven partially. Assign from parts of the canonical var.
-        dfgVarp->forEachSourceEdge([&](const DfgEdge& edge, size_t idx) {
-            UASSERT_OBJ(edge.sourcep(), dfgVarp, "Should have removed undriven sources");
-            // Render the rhs expression
-            AstNodeExpr* const rhsp = convertDfgVertexToAstNodeExpr(edge.sourcep());
-            // Create select LValue
-            FileLine* const flp = dfgVarp->driverFileLine(idx);
-            AstVarRef* const refp = new AstVarRef{flp, getNode(dfgVarp), VAccess::WRITE};
-            AstConst* const idxp = new AstConst{flp, dfgVarp->driverIndex(idx)};
-            AstArraySel* const lhsp = new AstArraySel{flp, refp, idxp};
-            // Add assignment of the value to the selected bits
-            addResultEquation(dfgVarp, flp, lhsp, rhsp);
-        });
+        if (DfgSpliceArray* const splicep = dfgVarp->srcp()->cast<DfgSpliceArray>()) {
+            // Variable is driven partially. Assign from parts of the canonical var.
+            splicep->forEachSourceEdge([&](const DfgEdge& edge, size_t idx) {
+                UASSERT_OBJ(edge.sourcep(), dfgVarp, "Should have removed undriven sources");
+                // Render the rhs expression
+                AstNodeExpr* const rhsp = convertDfgVertexToAstNodeExpr(edge.sourcep());
+                // Create select LValue
+                FileLine* const flp = splicep->driverFileLine(idx);
+                AstVarRef* const refp = new AstVarRef{flp, getNode(dfgVarp), VAccess::WRITE};
+                AstConst* const idxp = new AstConst{flp, splicep->driverIndex(idx)};
+                AstArraySel* const lhsp = new AstArraySel{flp, refp, idxp};
+                // Add assignment of the value to the selected bits
+                addResultEquation(dfgVarp, flp, lhsp, rhsp);
+            });
+            return;
+        }
+
+        UASSERT_OBJ(false, dfgVarp, "Should not have wholly driven arrays in Dfg");
     }
 
     // VISITORS
@@ -285,11 +292,11 @@ class DfgToAstVisitor final : DfgVisitor {
         // The graph must have been regularized, so we only need to render assignments
         for (DfgVertexVar& vtx : dfg.varVertices()) {
             // If there is no driver (this vertex is an input to the graph), then nothing to do.
-            if (!vtx.isDrivenByDfg()) continue;
+            if (!vtx.srcp()) continue;
 
             // Render packed variable assignments
             if (const DfgVarPacked* const dfgVarp = vtx.cast<DfgVarPacked>()) {
-                convertVarDriver(dfgVarp);
+                convertPackedDriver(dfgVarp);
                 continue;
             }
 

src/V3DfgPasses.cpp

@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ void V3DfgPasses::inlineVars(DfgGraph& dfg) {
             // Don't inline SystemC variables, as SystemC types are not interchangeable with
             // internal types, and hence the variables are not interchangeable either.
             if (varp->hasSinks() && varp->isDrivenFullyByDfg() && !varp->varp()->isSc()) {
-                DfgVertex* const driverp = varp->source(0);
+                DfgVertex* const driverp = varp->srcp();
 
                 // We must keep the original driver in certain cases, when swapping them would
                 // not be functionally or technically (implementation reasons) equivalent:
@@ -381,12 +381,14 @@ void V3DfgPasses::binToOneHot(DfgGraph& dfg, V3DfgBinToOneHotContext& ctx) {
         // The index variable
         DfgVarPacked* const idxVtxp = [&]() {
             // If there is an existing result variable, use that, otherwise create a new variable
-            DfgVarPacked* varp = srcp->getResultVar();
-            if (!varp) {
+            DfgVarPacked* varp = nullptr;
+            if (DfgVertexVar* const vp = srcp->getResultVar()) {
+                varp = vp->as<DfgVarPacked>();
+            } else {
                 const std::string name = dfg.makeUniqueName("BinToOneHot_Idx", nTables);
                 varp = dfg.makeNewVar(flp, name, idxDTypep, nullptr)->as<DfgVarPacked>();
                 varp->varp()->isInternal(true);
-                varp->addDriver(flp, 0, srcp);
+                varp->srcp(srcp);
             }
             varp->setHasModRefs();
             return varp;
@@ -554,9 +556,9 @@ void V3DfgPasses::eliminateVars(DfgGraph& dfg, V3DfgEliminateVarsContext& ctx) {
         if (!varp->hasModRefs()) {
             // If it is only referenced in this DFG, it can be removed
             ++ctx.m_varsRemoved;
-            varp->replaceWith(varp->source(0));
+            varp->replaceWith(varp->srcp());
             varp->nodep()->unlinkFrBack()->deleteTree();
-        } else if (DfgVarPacked* const driverp = varp->source(0)->cast<DfgVarPacked>()) {
+        } else if (DfgVarPacked* const driverp = varp->srcp()->cast<DfgVarPacked>()) {
             // If it's driven from another variable, it can be replaced by that. However, we do not
             // want to propagate SystemC variables into the design.
             if (driverp->varp()->isSc()) continue;

src/V3DfgPeephole.cpp

@@ -1202,11 +1202,15 @@ class V3DfgPeephole final : public DfgVisitor {
     void visit(DfgArraySel* vtxp) override {
         if (DfgConst* const idxp = vtxp->bitp()->cast<DfgConst>()) {
             if (DfgVarArray* const varp = vtxp->fromp()->cast<DfgVarArray>()) {
-                const size_t idx = idxp->toSizeT();
-                if (DfgVertex* const driverp = varp->driverAt(idx)) {
-                    APPLYING(INLINE_ARRAYSEL) {
-                        replace(vtxp, driverp);
-                        return;
+                if (varp->srcp()) {
+                    if (DfgSpliceArray* const splicep = varp->srcp()->cast<DfgSpliceArray>()) {
+                        const size_t idx = idxp->toSizeT();
+                        if (DfgVertex* const driverp = splicep->driverAt(idx)) {
+                            APPLYING(INLINE_ARRAYSEL) {
+                                replace(vtxp, driverp);
+                                return;
+                            }
+                        }
                     }
                 }
             }

src/V3DfgRegularize.cpp

@@ -45,12 +45,23 @@ class DfgRegularize final {
         // Ensure intermediate values used multiple times are written to variables
         for (DfgVertex& vtx : m_dfg.opVertices()) {
             const bool needsIntermediateVariable = [&]() {
+                // Splice vertices represent partial assignments, so they need a variable
+                // iff and only if they have a non-variable sink.
+                if (vtx.is<DfgVertexSplice>()) {
+                    const bool hasNonVarSink
+                        = vtx.findSink<DfgVertex>([](const DfgVertex& snk) {  //
+                              return !snk.is<DfgVertexVar>();
+                          });
+                    return hasNonVarSink;
+                }
                 // Anything that drives an SC variable needs an intermediate,
                 // as we can only assign simple variables to SC variables at runtime.
                 const bool hasScSink = vtx.findSink<DfgVertexVar>([](const DfgVertexVar& var) {  //
                     return var.varp()->isSc();
                 });
                 if (hasScSink) return true;
+                // // Splice vertices always need a variable as they represent partial updates
+                // if (vtx.is<DfgVertexSplice>()) return true;
                 // Operations without multiple sinks need no variables
                 if (!vtx.hasMultipleSinks()) return false;
                 // Array selects need no variables, they are just memory references
@@ -63,26 +74,21 @@ class DfgRegularize final {
 
             // This is an op that requires a result variable. Ensure it is
             // assigned to one, and redirect other sinks read that variable.
-            if (DfgVarPacked* const varp = vtx.getResultVar()) {
-                // A variable already exists
-                UASSERT_OBJ(varp->arity() == 1, varp, "Result variable with multiple drivers");
-                FileLine* const flp = varp->driverFileLine(0);
-                varp->sourceEdge(0)->unlinkSource();
-                varp->resetSources();
+            if (DfgVertexVar* const varp = vtx.getResultVar()) {
+                varp->sourceEdge<0>()->unlinkSource();
                 vtx.replaceWith(varp);
-                varp->addDriver(flp, 0, &vtx);
+                varp->srcp(&vtx);
             } else {
                 // Need to create an intermediate variable
                 const std::string name = m_dfg.makeUniqueName("Regularize", m_nTmps);
                 FileLine* const flp = vtx.fileline();
                 AstScope* const scopep = scoped ? vtx.scopep(scopeCache) : nullptr;
-                DfgVarPacked* const newp
-                    = m_dfg.makeNewVar(flp, name, vtx.dtypep(), scopep)->as<DfgVarPacked>();
+                DfgVertexVar* const newp = m_dfg.makeNewVar(flp, name, vtx.dtypep(), scopep);
                 ++m_nTmps;
                 ++m_ctx.m_temporariesIntroduced;
                 // Replace vertex with the variable and add back driver
                 vtx.replaceWith(newp);
-                newp->addDriver(vtx.fileline(), 0, &vtx);
+                newp->srcp(&vtx);
             }
         }
     }

src/V3DfgVertices.h

@@ -38,22 +38,24 @@
 
 // === Abstract base node types (DfgVertex*) ===================================
 
-class DfgVertexVar VL_NOT_FINAL : public DfgVertexVariadic {
+class DfgVertexVar VL_NOT_FINAL : public DfgVertexUnary {
     AstVar* const m_varp;  // The AstVar associated with this vertex (not owned by this vertex)
     AstVarScope* const m_varScopep;  // The AstVarScope associated with this vertex (not owned)
     bool m_hasDfgRefs = false;  // This AstVar is referenced in a different DFG of the module
     bool m_hasModRefs = false;  // This AstVar is referenced outside the DFG, but in the module
     bool m_hasExtRefs = false;  // This AstVar is referenced from outside the module
+    // Location of driver of this variable. Only used for converting back to Ast. Might be nullptr.
+    FileLine* m_driverFileLine = nullptr;
 
     bool selfEquals(const DfgVertex& that) const final VL_MT_DISABLED;
     V3Hash selfHash() const final VL_MT_DISABLED;
 
 public:
-    inline DfgVertexVar(DfgGraph& dfg, VDfgType type, AstVar* varp, uint32_t initialCapacity);
-    inline DfgVertexVar(DfgGraph& dfg, VDfgType type, AstVarScope* vscp, uint32_t initialCapacity);
+    inline DfgVertexVar(DfgGraph& dfg, VDfgType type, AstVar* varp);
+    inline DfgVertexVar(DfgGraph& dfg, VDfgType type, AstVarScope* vscp);
     ASTGEN_MEMBERS_DfgVertexVar;
 
-    bool isDrivenByDfg() const { return arity() > 0; }
+    const std::string srcName(size_t) const override { return ""; }
 
     AstVar* varp() const { return m_varp; }
     AstVarScope* varScopep() const { return m_varScopep; }
@@ -68,6 +70,13 @@ public:
     void setHasExtRefs() { m_hasExtRefs = true; }
     bool hasNonLocalRefs() const { return hasDfgRefs() || hasModRefs() || hasExtRefs(); }
 
+    FileLine* driverFileLine() const { return m_driverFileLine; }
+    void driverFileLine(FileLine* flp) { m_driverFileLine = flp; }
+
+    bool isDrivenFullyByDfg() const {
+        return srcp() && !srcp()->is<DfgVertexSplice>() && !varp()->isForced();
+    }
+
     // Variable cannot be removed, even if redundant in the DfgGraph (might be used externally)
     bool keep() const {
         // Keep if referenced outside this module
@@ -82,6 +91,12 @@ public:
         return false;
     }
 };
+class DfgVertexSplice VL_NOT_FINAL : public DfgVertexVariadic {
+public:
+    DfgVertexSplice(DfgGraph& dfg, VDfgType type, FileLine* flp, AstNodeDType* dtypep)
+        : DfgVertexVariadic{dfg, type, flp, dtypep, 1u} {}
+    ASTGEN_MEMBERS_DfgVertexSplice;
+};
 
 // === Concrete node types =====================================================
 
@@ -184,14 +199,49 @@ class DfgVarArray final : public DfgVertexVar {
 
 public:
     DfgVarArray(DfgGraph& dfg, AstVar* varp)
-        : DfgVertexVar{dfg, dfgType(), varp, 4u} {
+        : DfgVertexVar{dfg, dfgType(), varp} {
         UASSERT_OBJ(VN_IS(dtypep(), UnpackArrayDType), varp, "Non array DfgVarArray");
     }
     DfgVarArray(DfgGraph& dfg, AstVarScope* vscp)
-        : DfgVertexVar{dfg, dfgType(), vscp, 4u} {
+        : DfgVertexVar{dfg, dfgType(), vscp} {
         UASSERT_OBJ(VN_IS(dtypep(), UnpackArrayDType), vscp, "Non array DfgVarArray");
     }
     ASTGEN_MEMBERS_DfgVarArray;
+};
+class DfgVarPacked final : public DfgVertexVar {
+    friend class DfgVertex;
+    friend class DfgVisitor;
+
+public:
+    DfgVarPacked(DfgGraph& dfg, AstVar* varp)
+        : DfgVertexVar{dfg, dfgType(), varp} {
+        UASSERT_OBJ(!VN_IS(dtypep(), UnpackArrayDType), varp, "Array DfgVarPacked");
+    }
+    DfgVarPacked(DfgGraph& dfg, AstVarScope* vscp)
+        : DfgVertexVar{dfg, dfgType(), vscp} {
+        UASSERT_OBJ(!VN_IS(dtypep(), UnpackArrayDType), vscp, "Array DfgVarPacked");
+    }
+    ASTGEN_MEMBERS_DfgVarPacked;
+};
+
+// === DfgVertexSplice ===
+class DfgSpliceArray final : public DfgVertexSplice {
+    friend class DfgVertex;
+    friend class DfgVisitor;
+
+    using DriverData = std::pair<FileLine*, uint32_t>;
+
+    std::vector<DriverData> m_driverData;  // Additional data associated with each driver
+
+    bool selfEquals(const DfgVertex& that) const override VL_MT_DISABLED;
+    V3Hash selfHash() const override VL_MT_DISABLED;
+
+public:
+    DfgSpliceArray(DfgGraph& dfg, FileLine* flp, AstNodeDType* dtypep)
+        : DfgVertexSplice{dfg, dfgType(), flp, dtypep} {
+        UASSERT_OBJ(VN_IS(dtypep, UnpackArrayDType), flp, "Non array DfgSpliceArray");
+    }
+    ASTGEN_MEMBERS_DfgSpliceArray;
 
     void addDriver(FileLine* flp, uint32_t index, DfgVertex* vtxp) {
         m_driverData.emplace_back(flp, index);
@@ -203,27 +253,6 @@ public:
         DfgVertexVariadic::resetSources();
     }
 
-    // Remove undriven sources
-    void packSources() {
-        // Grab and reset the driver data
-        std::vector<DriverData> driverData;
-        driverData.swap(m_driverData);
-
-        // Grab and unlink the sources
-        std::vector<DfgVertex*> sources{arity()};
-        forEachSourceEdge([&](DfgEdge& edge, size_t idx) {
-            sources[idx] = edge.sourcep();
-            edge.unlinkSource();
-        });
-        DfgVertexVariadic::resetSources();
-
-        // Add back the driven sources
-        for (size_t i = 0; i < sources.size(); ++i) {
-            if (!sources[i]) continue;
-            addDriver(driverData[i].first, driverData[i].second, sources[i]);
-        }
-    }
-
     FileLine* driverFileLine(size_t idx) const { return m_driverData[idx].first; }
     uint32_t driverIndex(size_t idx) const { return m_driverData[idx].second; }
 
@@ -234,26 +263,27 @@ public:
         return edgep ? edgep->sourcep() : nullptr;
     }
 
-    const string srcName(size_t idx) const override { return cvtToStr(driverIndex(idx)); }
+    const std::string srcName(size_t idx) const override {
+        return std::to_string(driverIndex(idx));
+    }
 };
-class DfgVarPacked final : public DfgVertexVar {
+class DfgSplicePacked final : public DfgVertexSplice {
     friend class DfgVertex;
     friend class DfgVisitor;
 
     using DriverData = std::pair<FileLine*, uint32_t>;
 
-    std::vector<DriverData> m_driverData;  // Additional data associate with each driver
+    std::vector<DriverData> m_driverData;  // Additional data associated with each driver
+
+    bool selfEquals(const DfgVertex& that) const override VL_MT_DISABLED;
+    V3Hash selfHash() const override VL_MT_DISABLED;
 
 public:
-    DfgVarPacked(DfgGraph& dfg, AstVar* varp)
-        : DfgVertexVar{dfg, dfgType(), varp, 1u} {}
-    DfgVarPacked(DfgGraph& dfg, AstVarScope* vscp)
-        : DfgVertexVar{dfg, dfgType(), vscp, 1u} {}
-    ASTGEN_MEMBERS_DfgVarPacked;
-
-    bool isDrivenFullyByDfg() const {
-        return arity() == 1 && source(0)->dtypep() == dtypep() && !varp()->isForced();
+    DfgSplicePacked(DfgGraph& dfg, FileLine* flp, AstNodeDType* dtypep)
+        : DfgVertexSplice{dfg, dfgType(), flp, dtypep} {
+        UASSERT_OBJ(!VN_IS(dtypep, UnpackArrayDType), flp, "Array DfgSplicePacked");
     }
+    ASTGEN_MEMBERS_DfgSplicePacked;
 
     void addDriver(FileLine* flp, uint32_t lsb, DfgVertex* vtxp) {
         m_driverData.emplace_back(flp, lsb);
@@ -265,33 +295,10 @@ public:
         DfgVertexVariadic::resetSources();
     }
 
-    // Remove undriven sources
-    void packSources() {
-        // Grab and reset the driver data
-        std::vector<DriverData> driverData;
-        driverData.swap(m_driverData);
-
-        // Grab and unlink the sources
-        std::vector<DfgVertex*> sources{arity()};
-        forEachSourceEdge([&](DfgEdge& edge, size_t idx) {
-            sources[idx] = edge.sourcep();
-            edge.unlinkSource();
-        });
-        DfgVertexVariadic::resetSources();
-
-        // Add back the driven sources
-        for (size_t i = 0; i < sources.size(); ++i) {
-            if (!sources[i]) continue;
-            addDriver(driverData[i].first, driverData[i].second, sources[i]);
-        }
-    }
-
     FileLine* driverFileLine(size_t idx) const { return m_driverData[idx].first; }
     uint32_t driverLsb(size_t idx) const { return m_driverData[idx].second; }
 
-    const string srcName(size_t idx) const override {
-        return isDrivenFullyByDfg() ? "" : cvtToStr(driverLsb(idx));
-    }
+    const std::string srcName(size_t idx) const override { return std::to_string(driverLsb(idx)); }
 };
 
 #endif

src/V3EmitCFunc.cpp

@@ -247,14 +247,14 @@ void EmitCFunc::displayArg(AstNode* dispp, AstNode** elistp, bool isScan, const
     AstNode* argp = nullptr;
     if (!ignore) {
         argp = *elistp;
-        // Prep for next parameter
-        *elistp = (*elistp)->nextp();
         if (VL_UNCOVERABLE(!argp)) {
             // expectDisplay() checks this first, so internal error if found here
             dispp->v3error(
                 "Internal: Missing arguments for $display-like format");  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
             return;  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
         }
+        // Prep for next parameter
+        *elistp = (*elistp)->nextp();
         if (argp->widthMin() > VL_VALUE_STRING_MAX_WIDTH) {
             dispp->v3warn(E_UNSUPPORTED, "Unsupported: Exceeded limit of "
                                              + cvtToStr(VL_VALUE_STRING_MAX_WIDTH)
@@ -693,7 +693,7 @@ string EmitCFunc::emitVarResetRecurse(const AstVar* varp, bool constructing,
     } else if (VN_IS(dtypep, ClassRefDType)) {
         return "";  // Constructor does it
     } else if (VN_IS(dtypep, IfaceRefDType)) {
-        return varNameProtected + suffix + " = nullptr;\n";
+        return "";  // Constructor does it
     } else if (const AstDynArrayDType* const adtypep = VN_CAST(dtypep, DynArrayDType)) {
         // Access std::array as C array
         const string cvtarray = (adtypep->subDTypep()->isWide() ? ".data()" : "");

src/V3EmitCSyms.cpp

@@ -964,9 +964,9 @@ void EmitCSyms::emitSymImp() {
                     } else {
                         if (basicp->isRanged()) {
                             bounds += " ,";
-                            bounds += cvtToStr(basicp->hi());
+                            bounds += cvtToStr(basicp->left());
                             bounds += ",";
-                            bounds += cvtToStr(basicp->lo());
+                            bounds += cvtToStr(basicp->right());
                             pdim++;
                         }
                         break;  // AstBasicDType - nothing below, 1

src/V3EmitV.cpp

@@ -922,6 +922,20 @@ class EmitVBaseVisitorConst VL_NOT_FINAL : public EmitCBaseVisitorConst {
         m_sensesp = nodep->sensesp();
         iterateAndNextConstNull(nodep->stmtsp());
     }
+    void visit(AstDelay* nodep) override {
+        puts("");  // this is for proper alignment
+        puts("#");
+        iterateConst(nodep->lhsp());
+        puts(";\n");
+        iterateAndNextConstNull(nodep->stmtsp());
+    }
+    void visit(AstCAwait* nodep) override {
+        AstCMethodHard* methodp = VN_CAST(nodep->exprp(), CMethodHard);
+        UASSERT_OBJ(methodp, nodep, "AstCAwait expression must be an AstCMethodHard");
+        puts("");  // this is for proper alignment
+        puts("#");
+        iterateConst(methodp->pinsp());
+    }
     void visit(AstParseRef* nodep) override { puts(nodep->prettyName()); }
     void visit(AstNodeText*) override {}
     void visit(AstVarScope*) override {}

src/V3Error.h

@@ -125,6 +125,7 @@ public:
         MULTIDRIVEN,    // Driven from multiple blocks
         MULTITOP,       // Multiple top level modules
         NEWERSTD,       // Newer language standard required
+        NOEFFECT,       // Statement has no effect
         NOLATCH,        // No latch detected in always_latch block
         NONSTD,         // Non-standard feature present in other sims
         NULLPORT,       // Null port detected in module definition
@@ -145,6 +146,7 @@ public:
         SELRANGE,       // Selection index out of range
         SHORTREAL,      // Shortreal not supported
         SIDEEFFECT,     // Sideeffect ignored
+        SPECIFYIGN,     // Specify construct ignored
         SPLITVAR,       // Cannot split the variable
         STATICVAR,      // Static variable declared in a loop with a declaration assignment
         STMTDLY,        // Delayed statement
@@ -190,41 +192,33 @@ public:
         : m_e(static_cast<en>(_e)) {}  // Need () or GCC 4.8 false warning
     constexpr operator en() const VL_MT_SAFE { return m_e; }
     const char* ascii() const VL_MT_SAFE {
-        // clang-format off
         static const char* const names[] = {
             // Leading spaces indicate it can't be disabled.
             " MIN", " INFO", " FATAL", " FATALMANY", " FATALSRC", " ERROR", " FIRST_NAMED",
             // Boolean
-            " I_CELLDEFINE", " I_COVERAGE",  " I_DEF_NETTYPE_WIRE", " I_LINT", " I_TIMING", " I_TRACING", " I_UNUSED",
+            " I_CELLDEFINE", " I_COVERAGE", " I_DEF_NETTYPE_WIRE", " I_LINT", " I_TIMING",
+            " I_TRACING", " I_UNUSED",
             // Errors
             "LIFETIME", "NEEDTIMINGOPT", "NOTIMING", "PORTSHORT", "TASKNSVAR", "UNSUPPORTED",
             // Warnings
-            " EC_FIRST_WARN",
-            "ALWCOMBORDER", "ASCRANGE", "ASSIGNDLY", "ASSIGNIN", "BADSTDPRAGMA", "BADVLTPRAGMA",
-            "BLKANDNBLK", "BLKLOOPINIT", "BLKSEQ", "BSSPACE",
-            "CASEINCOMPLETE", "CASEOVERLAP", "CASEWITHX", "CASEX", "CASTCONST", "CDCRSTLOGIC", "CLKDATA",
-            "CMPCONST", "COLONPLUS", "COMBDLY", "CONSTRAINTIGN", "CONTASSREG", "COVERIGN",
-            "DECLFILENAME", "DEFOVERRIDE", "DEFPARAM", "DEPRECATED",
-            "ENCAPSULATED", "ENDLABEL", "ENUMITEMWIDTH", "ENUMVALUE", "EOFNEWLINE",
-            "GENCLK", "GENUNNAMED", "HIERBLOCK",
-            "IFDEPTH", "IGNOREDRETURN",
-            "IMPERFECTSCH", "IMPLICIT", "IMPLICITSTATIC", "IMPORTSTAR", "IMPURE",
-            "INCABSPATH", "INFINITELOOP", "INITIALDLY", "INSECURE",
-            "LATCH", "LITENDIAN", "MINTYPMAXDLY", "MISINDENT", "MODDUP", "MODMISSING",
-            "MULTIDRIVEN", "MULTITOP", "NEWERSTD", "NOLATCH", "NONSTD", "NULLPORT", "PINCONNECTEMPTY",
-            "PINMISSING", "PINNOCONNECT",  "PINNOTFOUND", "PKGNODECL", "PREPROCZERO", "PROCASSINIT", "PROCASSWIRE",
-            "PROFOUTOFDATE", "PROTECTED", "RANDC", "REALCVT", "REDEFMACRO", "RISEFALLDLY",
-            "SELRANGE", "SHORTREAL", "SIDEEFFECT", "SPLITVAR",
-            "STATICVAR", "STMTDLY", "SYMRSVDWORD", "SYNCASYNCNET",
-            "TICKCOUNT", "TIMESCALEMOD",
-            "UNDRIVEN", "UNOPT", "UNOPTFLAT", "UNOPTTHREADS",
-            "UNPACKED", "UNSIGNED", "UNUSEDGENVAR",  "UNUSEDLOOP" ,"UNUSEDPARAM", "UNUSEDSIGNAL",
-            "USERERROR", "USERFATAL", "USERINFO", "USERWARN",
-            "VARHIDDEN", "WAITCONST", "WIDTH", "WIDTHCONCAT",  "WIDTHEXPAND", "WIDTHTRUNC", "WIDTHXZEXPAND",
-            "ZERODLY", "ZEROREPL",
-            " MAX"
-        };
-        // clang-format on
+            " EC_FIRST_WARN", "ALWCOMBORDER", "ASCRANGE", "ASSIGNDLY", "ASSIGNIN", "BADSTDPRAGMA",
+            "BADVLTPRAGMA", "BLKANDNBLK", "BLKLOOPINIT", "BLKSEQ", "BSSPACE", "CASEINCOMPLETE",
+            "CASEOVERLAP", "CASEWITHX", "CASEX", "CASTCONST", "CDCRSTLOGIC", "CLKDATA", "CMPCONST",
+            "COLONPLUS", "COMBDLY", "CONSTRAINTIGN", "CONTASSREG", "COVERIGN", "DECLFILENAME",
+            "DEFOVERRIDE", "DEFPARAM", "DEPRECATED", "ENCAPSULATED", "ENDLABEL", "ENUMITEMWIDTH",
+            "ENUMVALUE", "EOFNEWLINE", "GENCLK", "GENUNNAMED", "HIERBLOCK", "IFDEPTH",
+            "IGNOREDRETURN", "IMPERFECTSCH", "IMPLICIT", "IMPLICITSTATIC", "IMPORTSTAR", "IMPURE",
+            "INCABSPATH", "INFINITELOOP", "INITIALDLY", "INSECURE", "LATCH", "LITENDIAN",
+            "MINTYPMAXDLY", "MISINDENT", "MODDUP", "MODMISSING", "MULTIDRIVEN", "MULTITOP",
+            "NEWERSTD", "NOEFFECT", "NOLATCH", "NONSTD", "NULLPORT", "PINCONNECTEMPTY",
+            "PINMISSING", "PINNOCONNECT", "PINNOTFOUND", "PKGNODECL", "PREPROCZERO", "PROCASSINIT",
+            "PROCASSWIRE", "PROFOUTOFDATE", "PROTECTED", "RANDC", "REALCVT", "REDEFMACRO",
+            "RISEFALLDLY", "SELRANGE", "SHORTREAL", "SIDEEFFECT", "SPECIFYIGN", "SPLITVAR",
+            "STATICVAR", "STMTDLY", "SYMRSVDWORD", "SYNCASYNCNET", "TICKCOUNT", "TIMESCALEMOD",
+            "UNDRIVEN", "UNOPT", "UNOPTFLAT", "UNOPTTHREADS", "UNPACKED", "UNSIGNED",
+            "UNUSEDGENVAR", "UNUSEDLOOP", "UNUSEDPARAM", "UNUSEDSIGNAL", "USERERROR", "USERFATAL",
+            "USERINFO", "USERWARN", "VARHIDDEN", "WAITCONST", "WIDTH", "WIDTHCONCAT",
+            "WIDTHEXPAND", "WIDTHTRUNC", "WIDTHXZEXPAND", "ZERODLY", "ZEROREPL", " MAX"};
         return names[m_e];
     }
     // Warnings that default to off

src/V3LinkDot.cpp

@@ -779,14 +779,51 @@ public:
         if (!foundp) baddot = dotname;
         return foundp;
     }
+    static bool checkIfClassOrPackage(const VSymEnt* const symp) {
+        if (VN_IS(symp->nodep(), Class) || VN_IS(symp->nodep(), Package)) return true;
+        const AstRefDType* refDTypep = nullptr;
+        if (const AstTypedef* const typedefp = VN_CAST(symp->nodep(), Typedef)) {
+            if (VN_IS(typedefp->childDTypep(), ClassRefDType)) return true;
+            if (const AstRefDType* const refp = VN_CAST(typedefp->childDTypep(), RefDType)) {
+                refDTypep = refp;
+            }
+        } else if (const AstParamTypeDType* const paramTypep
+                   = VN_CAST(symp->nodep(), ParamTypeDType)) {
+            if (const AstRequireDType* const requireDTypep
+                = VN_CAST(paramTypep->childDTypep(), RequireDType)) {
+                if (const AstRefDType* const refp = VN_CAST(requireDTypep->lhsp(), RefDType)) {
+                    refDTypep = refp;
+                } else if (VN_IS(requireDTypep->lhsp(), VoidDType)
+                           || VN_IS(requireDTypep->lhsp(), BasicDType)
+                           || VN_IS(requireDTypep->lhsp(), ClassRefDType)) {
+                    return true;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        // TODO: this should be handled properly - case when it is known what type is
+        // referenced by AstRefDType (refDTypep->typeofp() is null or
+        // refDTypep->classOrPackageOpp() is null)
+        if (refDTypep && !refDTypep->typeofp() && !refDTypep->classOrPackageOpp()) {
+            // When still unknown - return because it may be a class, classes may not be
+            // linked at this point. Return in case it gets resolved to a class in the future
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
     VSymEnt* resolveClassOrPackage(VSymEnt* lookSymp, AstClassOrPackageRef* nodep, bool fallback,
                                    bool classOnly, const string& forWhat) {
         if (nodep->classOrPackageSkipp()) return getNodeSym(nodep->classOrPackageSkipp());
         VSymEnt* foundp;
         if (fallback) {
-            foundp = lookSymp->findIdFallback(nodep->name());
+            VSymEnt* currentLookSymp = lookSymp;
+            do {
+                foundp = currentLookSymp->findIdFlat(nodep->name());
+                if (foundp && !checkIfClassOrPackage(foundp)) foundp = nullptr;
+                if (!foundp) currentLookSymp = currentLookSymp->fallbackp();
+            } while (!foundp && currentLookSymp);
         } else {
             foundp = lookSymp->findIdFlat(nodep->name());
+            if (foundp && !checkIfClassOrPackage(foundp)) foundp = nullptr;
         }
         if (!foundp && v3Global.rootp()->stdPackagep()) {  // Look under implied std::
             foundp = getNodeSym(v3Global.rootp()->stdPackagep())->findIdFlat(nodep->name());

src/V3LinkJump.cpp

@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
 
 #include "V3AstUserAllocator.h"
 #include "V3Error.h"
+#include "V3UniqueNames.h"
 
 #include <vector>
 
@@ -60,6 +61,8 @@ class LinkJumpVisitor final : public VNVisitor {
     int m_modRepeatNum = 0;  // Repeat counter
     VOptionBool m_unrollFull;  // Pragma full, disable, or default unrolling
     std::vector<AstNodeBlock*> m_blockStack;  // All begin blocks above current node
+    V3UniqueNames m_queueNames{
+        "__VprocessQueue"};  // Names for queues needed for 'disable' handling
 
     // METHODS
     AstJumpLabel* findAddLabel(AstNode* nodep, bool endOfIter) {
@@ -159,6 +162,79 @@ class LinkJumpVisitor final : public VNVisitor {
         if (AstNode* const refp = nodep->op4p()) addPrefixToBlocksRecurse(prefix, refp);
         if (AstNode* const refp = nodep->nextp()) addPrefixToBlocksRecurse(prefix, refp);
     }
+    static AstNode* getMemberp(const AstNodeModule* const nodep, const std::string& name) {
+        for (AstNode* itemp = nodep->stmtsp(); itemp; itemp = itemp->nextp()) {
+            if (itemp->name() == name) return itemp;
+        }
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+    bool existsBlockAbove(const std::string& name) const {
+        for (const AstNodeBlock* const stackp : vlstd::reverse_view(m_blockStack)) {
+            if (stackp->name() == name) return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+    static AstStmtExpr* getQueuePushProcessSelfp(AstVarRef* const queueRefp) {
+        // Constructs queue.push_back(std::process::self()) statement
+        FileLine* const fl = queueRefp->fileline();
+        AstClass* const processClassp
+            = VN_AS(getMemberp(v3Global.rootp()->stdPackagep(), "process"), Class);
+        AstFunc* const selfMethodp = VN_AS(getMemberp(processClassp, "self"), Func);
+        AstFuncRef* const processSelfp = new AstFuncRef{fl, selfMethodp, nullptr};
+        processSelfp->classOrPackagep(processClassp);
+        return new AstStmtExpr{
+            fl, new AstMethodCall{fl, queueRefp, "push_back", new AstArg{fl, "", processSelfp}}};
+    }
+    void handleDisableOnFork(AstDisable* const nodep, const std::vector<AstBegin*>& forks) {
+        // The support is limited only to disabling a fork from outside that fork.
+        // It utilizes the process::kill()` method. For each `disable` a queue of processes is
+        // declared. At the beginning of each fork that can be disabled, its process handle is
+        // pushed to the queue. `disable` statement is replaced with calling `kill()` method on
+        // each element of the queue.
+        FileLine* const fl = nodep->fileline();
+        const std::string targetName = nodep->targetp()->name();
+        if (existsBlockAbove(targetName)) {
+            nodep->v3warn(E_UNSUPPORTED, "Unsupported: disabling fork from within same fork");
+        }
+        if (m_ftaskp) {
+            nodep->v3warn(E_UNSUPPORTED, "Unsupported: disabling fork from task / function");
+        }
+        AstPackage* const topPkgp = v3Global.rootp()->dollarUnitPkgAddp();
+        AstClass* const processClassp
+            = VN_AS(getMemberp(v3Global.rootp()->stdPackagep(), "process"), Class);
+        // Declare queue of processes (as a global variable for simplicity)
+        AstVar* const processQueuep = new AstVar{
+            fl, VVarType::VAR, m_queueNames.get(targetName), VFlagChildDType{},
+            new AstQueueDType{fl, VFlagChildDType{},
+                              new AstClassRefDType{fl, processClassp, nullptr}, nullptr}};
+        processQueuep->lifetime(VLifetime::STATIC);
+        topPkgp->addStmtsp(processQueuep);
+
+        AstVarRef* const queueWriteRefp
+            = new AstVarRef{fl, topPkgp, processQueuep, VAccess::WRITE};
+        AstStmtExpr* pushCurrentProcessp = getQueuePushProcessSelfp(queueWriteRefp);
+
+        for (AstBegin* const beginp : forks) {
+            if (pushCurrentProcessp->backp()) {
+                pushCurrentProcessp = pushCurrentProcessp->cloneTree(false);
+            }
+            if (beginp->stmtsp()) {
+                // There is no need to add it to empty block
+                beginp->stmtsp()->addHereThisAsNext(pushCurrentProcessp);
+            }
+        }
+        AstVarRef* const queueRefp = new AstVarRef{fl, topPkgp, processQueuep, VAccess::READWRITE};
+        AstTaskRef* const killQueueCall
+            = new AstTaskRef{fl, VN_AS(getMemberp(processClassp, "killQueue"), Task),
+                             new AstArg{fl, "", queueRefp}};
+        killQueueCall->classOrPackagep(processClassp);
+        nodep->addNextHere(new AstStmtExpr{fl, killQueueCall});
+    }
+    static bool directlyUnderFork(const AstNode* const nodep) {
+        if (nodep->backp()->nextp() == nodep) return directlyUnderFork(nodep->backp());
+        if (VN_IS(nodep->backp(), Fork)) return true;
+        return false;
+    }
 
     // VISITORS
     void visit(AstNodeModule* nodep) override {
@@ -338,33 +414,44 @@ class LinkJumpVisitor final : public VNVisitor {
     void visit(AstDisable* nodep) override {
         UINFO(8, "   DISABLE " << nodep);
         AstNode* const targetp = nodep->targetp();
+        FileLine* const fl = nodep->fileline();
         UASSERT_OBJ(targetp, nodep, "Unlinked disable statement");
         if (VN_IS(targetp, Task)) {
             nodep->v3warn(E_UNSUPPORTED, "Unsupported: disabling task by name");
-        } else if (VN_IS(targetp, Fork)) {
-            nodep->v3warn(E_UNSUPPORTED, "Unsupported: disabling fork by name");
-        } else if (AstBegin* const beginp = VN_CAST(targetp, Begin)) {
-            const std::string targetName = beginp->name();
-            bool aboveBlock = false;
-            for (AstNodeBlock* const stackp : vlstd::reverse_view(m_blockStack)) {
-                UINFO(9, "    UNDERBLK  " << stackp);
-                if (stackp->name() == targetName) {
-                    aboveBlock = true;
-                    break;
+        } else if (AstFork* const forkp = VN_CAST(targetp, Fork)) {
+            std::vector<AstBegin*> forks;
+            for (AstNode* forkItemp = forkp->stmtsp(); forkItemp; forkItemp = forkItemp->nextp()) {
+                // Further handling of disable stmt requires all forks to be begin blocks
+                AstBegin* beginp = VN_CAST(forkItemp, Begin);
+                if (!beginp) {
+                    beginp = new AstBegin{fl, "", nullptr};
+                    forkItemp->replaceWith(beginp);
+                    beginp->addStmtsp(forkItemp);
+                    // In order to continue the iteration
+                    forkItemp = beginp;
                 }
+                forks.push_back(beginp);
             }
-            if (aboveBlock) {
-                if (beginp->user3()) {
-                    nodep->v3warn(E_UNSUPPORTED,
-                                  "Unsupported: disabling block that contains a fork");
-                } else {
-                    // Jump to the end of the named block
-                    AstJumpLabel* const labelp = findAddLabel(beginp, false);
-                    nodep->addNextHere(new AstJumpGo{nodep->fileline(), labelp});
-                }
+            handleDisableOnFork(nodep, forks);
+        } else if (AstBegin* const beginp = VN_CAST(targetp, Begin)) {
+            if (directlyUnderFork(beginp)) {
+                std::vector<AstBegin*> forks{beginp};
+                handleDisableOnFork(nodep, forks);
             } else {
-                nodep->v3warn(E_UNSUPPORTED, "disable isn't underneath a begin with name: '"
-                                                 << targetName << "'");
+                const std::string targetName = beginp->name();
+                if (existsBlockAbove(targetName)) {
+                    if (beginp->user3()) {
+                        nodep->v3warn(E_UNSUPPORTED,
+                                      "Unsupported: disabling block that contains a fork");
+                    } else {
+                        // Jump to the end of the named block
+                        AstJumpLabel* const labelp = findAddLabel(beginp, false);
+                        nodep->addNextHere(new AstJumpGo{nodep->fileline(), labelp});
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    nodep->v3warn(E_UNSUPPORTED, "disable isn't underneath a begin with name: '"
+                                                     << targetName << "'");
+                }
             }
         } else {
             nodep->v3fatalSrc("Disable linked with node of unhandled type "

src/V3LinkParse.cpp

@@ -578,7 +578,7 @@ class LinkParseVisitor final : public VNVisitor {
         } else if (VN_IS(bracketp, SelLoopVars)) {
             // Ok
         } else {
-            nodep->v3error("Syntax error; foreach missing bracketed loop variable"
+            nodep->v3error("Foreach missing bracketed loop variable is no-operation"
                            " (IEEE 1800-2023 12.7.3)");
             VL_DO_DANGLING(nodep->unlinkFrBack()->deleteTree(), nodep);
             return;

src/V3Options.cpp

@@ -1803,8 +1803,10 @@ void V3Options::parseOptsList(FileLine* fl, const string& optdir, int argc,
     DECL_OPTION("-Wwarn-UNSUPPORTED", CbCall, []() {
         FileLine::globalWarnOff(V3ErrorCode::E_UNSUPPORTED, false);
         FileLine::globalWarnOff(V3ErrorCode::COVERIGN, false);
+        FileLine::globalWarnOff(V3ErrorCode::SPECIFYIGN, false);
         V3Error::pretendError(V3ErrorCode::E_UNSUPPORTED, false);
         V3Error::pretendError(V3ErrorCode::COVERIGN, false);
+        V3Error::pretendError(V3ErrorCode::SPECIFYIGN, false);
     });
     DECL_OPTION("-Wwarn-WIDTH", CbCall, []() {
         FileLine::globalWarnOff(V3ErrorCode::WIDTH, false);

src/V3ParseImp.h

@@ -293,12 +293,12 @@ public:
     void dumpInputsFile() VL_MT_DISABLED;
     void dumpTokensAhead(int line) VL_MT_DISABLED;
     static void candidatePli(VSpellCheck* spellerp) VL_MT_DISABLED;
+    void importIfInStd(FileLine* fileline, const string& id);
 
 private:
     void preprocDumps(std::ostream& os);
     void lexFile(const string& modname) VL_MT_DISABLED;
     void yylexReadTok() VL_MT_DISABLED;
-    void importIfInStd(FileLine* fileline, const string& id);
     void tokenPull() VL_MT_DISABLED;
     void tokenPipeline() VL_MT_DISABLED;  // Internal; called from tokenToBison
     int tokenPipelineId(int token) VL_MT_DISABLED;

src/V3Randomize.cpp

@@ -2198,14 +2198,14 @@ class RandomizeVisitor final : public VNVisitor {
 
         AstClass* classp = nullptr;
         if (AstMethodCall* const callp = VN_CAST(nodep, MethodCall)) {
-            UASSERT_OBJ(callp->fromp()->dtypep(), callp->fromp(), "Object dtype is not linked");
-            AstClassRefDType* const classrefdtypep
-                = VN_CAST(callp->fromp()->dtypep(), ClassRefDType);
-            if (!classrefdtypep) {
-                nodep->v3warn(E_UNSUPPORTED,
-                              "Inline constraints are not supported for this node type");
-                return;
-            }
+            const AstNodeDType* const fromDTypep = callp->fromp()->dtypep();
+            UASSERT_OBJ(fromDTypep, callp->fromp(), "Object dtype is not linked");
+            const AstClassRefDType* const classrefdtypep
+                = VN_CAST(fromDTypep->skipRefp(), ClassRefDType);
+            UASSERT_OBJ(classrefdtypep, callp->fromp(),
+                        "Randomize called on expression of non-class type "
+                            << fromDTypep->skipRefp()->prettyDTypeNameQ()
+                            << " (it should be detected earlier)");
             classp = classrefdtypep->classp();
             UASSERT_OBJ(classp, classrefdtypep, "Class type is unlinked to its ref type");
         } else {

src/V3Sched.cpp

@@ -104,6 +104,17 @@ void invertAndMergeSenTreeMap(
     for (const auto& pair : senTreeMap) result.emplace(pair.second, pair.first);
 }
 
+AstSenTree* findTriggeredIface(const AstVarScope* vscp,
+                               const VirtIfaceTriggers::IfaceSensMap& vifTrigged,
+                               const VirtIfaceTriggers::IfaceMemberSensMap& vifMemberTriggered) {
+    const auto ifaceIt = vifTrigged.find(vscp->varp()->sensIfacep());
+    if (ifaceIt != vifTrigged.end()) return ifaceIt->second;
+    for (const auto& memberIt : vifMemberTriggered) {
+        if (memberIt.first.m_ifacep == vscp->varp()->sensIfacep()) { return memberIt.second; }
+    }
+    return nullptr;
+}
+
 //============================================================================
 // Code generation utility functions
 
@@ -955,8 +966,10 @@ AstNode* createInputCombLoop(AstNetlist* netlistp, AstCFunc* const initFuncp,
     AstSenTree* const dpiExportTriggered
         = dpiExportTriggerVscp ? createTriggerSenTree(netlistp, trig.m_vscp, dpiExportTriggerIndex)
                                : nullptr;
-    const auto& vifTriggered
+    const auto& vifTriggeredIco
         = virtIfaceTriggers.makeIfaceToSensMap(netlistp, firstVifTriggerIndex, trig.m_vscp);
+    const auto& vifMemberTriggeredIco
+        = virtIfaceTriggers.makeMemberToSensMap(netlistp, firstVifTriggerIndex, trig.m_vscp);
 
     // Create and Order the body function
     AstCFunc* const icoFuncp
@@ -968,8 +981,9 @@ AstNode* createInputCombLoop(AstNetlist* netlistp, AstCFunc* const initFuncp,
                              }
                              if (varp->isWrittenByDpi()) out.push_back(dpiExportTriggered);
                              if (vscp->varp()->sensIfacep()) {
-                                 const auto it = vifTriggered.find(vscp->varp()->sensIfacep());
-                                 if (it != vifTriggered.end()) out.push_back(it->second);
+                                 AstSenTree* ifaceTriggered = findTriggeredIface(
+                                     vscp, vifTriggeredIco, vifMemberTriggeredIco);
+                                 out.push_back(ifaceTriggered);
                              }
                          });
     splitCheck(icoFuncp);
@@ -1371,6 +1385,8 @@ void schedule(AstNetlist* netlistp) {
 
     const auto& vifTriggeredAct
         = virtIfaceTriggers.makeIfaceToSensMap(netlistp, firstVifTriggerIndex, actTrig.m_vscp);
+    const auto& vifMemberTriggeredAct
+        = virtIfaceTriggers.makeMemberToSensMap(netlistp, firstVifTriggerIndex, actTrig.m_vscp);
 
     AstCFunc* const actFuncp = V3Order::order(
         netlistp, {&logicRegions.m_pre, &logicRegions.m_act, &logicReplicas.m_act}, trigToSenAct,
@@ -1379,8 +1395,9 @@ void schedule(AstNetlist* netlistp) {
             if (it != actTimingDomains.end()) out = it->second;
             if (vscp->varp()->isWrittenByDpi()) out.push_back(dpiExportTriggeredAct);
             if (vscp->varp()->sensIfacep()) {
-                const auto sit = vifTriggeredAct.find(vscp->varp()->sensIfacep());
-                if (sit != vifTriggeredAct.end()) out.push_back(sit->second);
+                AstSenTree* ifaceTriggered
+                    = findTriggeredIface(vscp, vifTriggeredAct, vifMemberTriggeredAct);
+                out.push_back(ifaceTriggered);
             }
         });
     splitCheck(actFuncp);
@@ -1408,6 +1425,8 @@ void schedule(AstNetlist* netlistp) {
                   : nullptr;
         const auto& vifTriggered
             = virtIfaceTriggers.makeIfaceToSensMap(netlistp, firstVifTriggerIndex, trigVscp);
+        const auto& vifMemberTriggered
+            = virtIfaceTriggers.makeMemberToSensMap(netlistp, firstVifTriggerIndex, trigVscp);
 
         const auto& timingDomains = timingKit.remapDomains(trigMap);
         AstCFunc* const funcp = V3Order::order(
@@ -1417,8 +1436,9 @@ void schedule(AstNetlist* netlistp) {
                 if (it != timingDomains.end()) out = it->second;
                 if (vscp->varp()->isWrittenByDpi()) out.push_back(dpiExportTriggered);
                 if (vscp->varp()->sensIfacep()) {
-                    const auto sit = vifTriggered.find(vscp->varp()->sensIfacep());
-                    if (sit != vifTriggered.end()) out.push_back(sit->second);
+                    AstSenTree* ifaceTriggered
+                        = findTriggeredIface(vscp, vifTriggered, vifMemberTriggered);
+                    out.push_back(ifaceTriggered);
                 }
             });
 

src/V3Sched.h

@@ -168,6 +168,7 @@ class VirtIfaceTriggers final {
         }
     };
 
+public:
     using IfaceMemberTrigger = std::pair<IfaceMember, AstVarScope*>;
     using IfaceMemberTriggerVec = std::vector<IfaceMemberTrigger>;
     using IfaceMemberSensMap = std::map<IfaceMember, AstSenTree*>;
@@ -179,7 +180,6 @@ class VirtIfaceTriggers final {
     IfaceMemberTriggerVec m_memberTriggers;
     IfaceTriggerVec m_ifaceTriggers;
 
-public:
     void addMemberTrigger(const AstIface* ifacep, const AstVar* memberVarp,
                           AstVarScope* triggerVscp) {
         m_memberTriggers.emplace_back(IfaceMember(ifacep, memberVarp), triggerVscp);

src/V3StatsReport.cpp

@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ void V3Stats::statsStage(const string& name) {
     V3Stats::addStatPerf("Stage, Elapsed time (sec), " + digitName, wallTimeDelta);
     V3Stats::addStatPerf("Stage, Elapsed time (sec), TOTAL", wallTimeDelta);
 
-    const double memory = VlOs::memUsageBytes() / 1024.0 / 1024.0;
+    const double memory = VlOs::memPeakUsageBytes() / 1024.0 / 1024.0;
     V3Stats::addStatPerf("Stage, Memory (MB), " + digitName, memory);
 }
 
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ void V3Stats::summaryReport() {
               << ", cvt=" << walltimeCvt << ", bld=" << walltimeBuild << "); cpu " << cputime
               << " s on " << std::max(v3Global.opt.verilateJobs(), v3Global.opt.buildJobs())
               << " threads";
-    const double memory = VlOs::memUsageBytes() / 1024.0 / 1024.0;
+    const double memory = VlOs::memPeakUsageBytes() / 1024.0 / 1024.0;
     if (VL_UNCOVERABLE(memory != 0.0)) std::cout << "; alloced " << memory << " MB";
     std::cout << "\n";
 }

src/V3Width.cpp

@@ -629,8 +629,8 @@ class WidthVisitor final : public VNVisitor {
                 iterateCheckString(nodep, "RHS", nodep->rhsp(), BOTH);
                 nodep->dtypeSetString();
             } else {
-                iterateCheckSelf(nodep, "LHS", nodep->lhsp(), SELF, BOTH);
-                iterateCheckSelf(nodep, "RHS", nodep->rhsp(), SELF, BOTH);
+                iterateCheckIntegralSelf(nodep, "LHS", nodep->lhsp(), SELF, BOTH);
+                iterateCheckIntegralSelf(nodep, "RHS", nodep->rhsp(), SELF, BOTH);
 
                 if (m_streamConcat) {
                     packIfUnpacked(nodep->lhsp());
@@ -837,7 +837,7 @@ class WidthVisitor final : public VNVisitor {
             if (vdtypep && vdtypep->isString()) {
                 iterateCheckString(nodep, "LHS", nodep->srcp(), BOTH);
             } else {
-                iterateCheckSelf(nodep, "LHS", nodep->srcp(), SELF, BOTH);
+                iterateCheckIntegralSelf(nodep, "LHS", nodep->srcp(), SELF, BOTH);
             }
 
             if ((vdtypep && vdtypep->isString()) || nodep->srcp()->isString()) {
@@ -971,7 +971,7 @@ class WidthVisitor final : public VNVisitor {
             if (debug() >= 9) nodep->dumpTree("-  selWidth: ");
             userIterateAndNext(nodep->fromp(), WidthVP{CONTEXT_DET, PRELIM}.p());
             userIterateAndNext(nodep->lsbp(), WidthVP{SELF, PRELIM}.p());
-            checkCvtUS(nodep->fromp());
+            checkCvtUS(nodep->fromp(), false);
             iterateCheckSizedSelf(nodep, "Select LHS", nodep->fromp(), SELF, BOTH);
             int width = nodep->widthConst();
             if (width <= 0) {
@@ -1510,7 +1510,7 @@ class WidthVisitor final : public VNVisitor {
                 return;
             }
 
-            checkCvtUS(nodep->lhsp());
+            checkCvtUS(nodep->lhsp(), false);
             iterateCheckSizedSelf(nodep, "RHS", nodep->rhsp(), SELF, BOTH);
             nodep->dtypeFrom(nodep->lhsp());
         }
@@ -2422,6 +2422,18 @@ class WidthVisitor final : public VNVisitor {
             nodep->dtypeSetLogicSized(1, bdtypep->numeric());
             VL_DANGLING(bdtypep);
         }
+        if (nodep->isNet()) {
+            AstNodeDType* const badDtp = dtypeNot4StateIntegralRecurse(nodep->dtypep());
+            if (badDtp)
+                nodep->v3error(
+                    "Net " << nodep->prettyNameQ()
+                           << " data type must be 4-state integral or array/union/struct of such"
+                           << " (IEEE 1800-2023 6.7.1)\n"
+                           << nodep->warnContextPrimary() << '\n'
+                           << badDtp->warnOther() << "... Location of failing data type "
+                           << badDtp->prettyDTypeNameQ() << '\n'
+                           << badDtp->warnContextSecondary());
+        }
         if (nodep->valuep() && !didchk) {
             // if (debug()) nodep->dumpTree("-  final: ");
             // AstPattern requires assignments to pass datatype on PRELIM
@@ -2483,10 +2495,15 @@ class WidthVisitor final : public VNVisitor {
         UINFO(5, "  ENUMDTYPE " << nodep);
         nodep->refDTypep(iterateEditMoveDTypep(nodep, nodep->subDTypep()));
         nodep->dtypep(nodep);
-        AstBasicDType* basicp = nodep->dtypep()->skipRefp()->basicp();
-        if (!basicp || !basicp->keyword().isIntNumeric()) {
+        AstNodeDType* basicp = nodep->dtypep()->skipRefp()->basicp();
+        AstNodeDType* const badDtp = dtypeNotIntAtomOrVecRecurse(nodep->subDTypep());
+        if (badDtp) {
             nodep->v3error(
-                "Enum type must be an integer atom or vector type (IEEE 1800-2023 6.19)");
+                "Enum data type must be an integer atom or vector type (IEEE 1800-2023 6.19)\n"
+                << nodep->warnContextPrimary() << '\n'
+                << badDtp->warnOther() << "... Location of failing data type "
+                << badDtp->prettyDTypeNameQ() << '\n'
+                << badDtp->warnContextSecondary());
             basicp = nodep->findSigned32DType()->basicp();
             nodep->refDTypep(basicp);
         }
@@ -6826,7 +6843,7 @@ class WidthVisitor final : public VNVisitor {
         UASSERT_OBJ(!nodep->op2p(), nodep, "For unary ops only!");
         if (m_vup->prelim()) {
             userIterateAndNext(nodep->lhsp(), WidthVP{CONTEXT_DET, PRELIM}.p());
-            if (!real_ok) checkCvtUS(nodep->lhsp());
+            if (!real_ok) checkCvtUS(nodep->lhsp(), false);
         }
         if (real_ok && nodep->lhsp()->isDouble()) {
             spliceCvtD(nodep->lhsp());
@@ -6867,7 +6884,7 @@ class WidthVisitor final : public VNVisitor {
         UASSERT_OBJ(!nodep->op2p(), nodep, "For unary ops only!");
         if (m_vup->prelim()) {
             userIterateAndNext(nodep->lhsp(), WidthVP{SELF, PRELIM}.p());
-            checkCvtUS(nodep->lhsp());
+            checkCvtUS(nodep->lhsp(), true);
             const int width = nodep->lhsp()->width();
             AstNodeDType* const expDTypep = nodep->findLogicDType(width, width, rs_out);
             nodep->dtypep(expDTypep);
@@ -6895,7 +6912,7 @@ class WidthVisitor final : public VNVisitor {
         //   RHS is self-determined. RHS is always treated as unsigned, has no effect on result.
         if (m_vup->prelim()) {
             userIterateAndNext(nodep->lhsp(), WidthVP{SELF, PRELIM}.p());
-            checkCvtUS(nodep->lhsp());
+            checkCvtUS(nodep->lhsp(), false);
             iterateCheckSizedSelf(nodep, "RHS", nodep->rhsp(), SELF, BOTH);
             nodep->dtypeFrom(nodep->lhsp());
         }
@@ -6955,8 +6972,8 @@ class WidthVisitor final : public VNVisitor {
             // Determine expression widths only relying on what's in the subops
             userIterateAndNext(nodep->lhsp(), WidthVP{CONTEXT_DET, PRELIM}.p());
             userIterateAndNext(nodep->rhsp(), WidthVP{CONTEXT_DET, PRELIM}.p());
-            checkCvtUS(nodep->lhsp());
-            checkCvtUS(nodep->rhsp());
+            checkCvtUS(nodep->lhsp(), false);
+            checkCvtUS(nodep->rhsp(), false);
             const int width = std::max(nodep->lhsp()->width(), nodep->rhsp()->width());
             const int mwidth = std::max(nodep->lhsp()->widthMin(), nodep->rhsp()->widthMin());
             const bool expSigned = (nodep->lhsp()->isSigned() && nodep->rhsp()->isSigned());
@@ -6990,8 +7007,8 @@ class WidthVisitor final : public VNVisitor {
             userIterateAndNext(nodep->lhsp(), WidthVP{CONTEXT_DET, PRELIM}.p());
             userIterateAndNext(nodep->rhsp(), WidthVP{CONTEXT_DET, PRELIM}.p());
             if (!real_ok) {
-                checkCvtUS(nodep->lhsp());
-                checkCvtUS(nodep->rhsp());
+                checkCvtUS(nodep->lhsp(), false);
+                checkCvtUS(nodep->rhsp(), false);
             }
             if (nodep->lhsp()->isDouble() || nodep->rhsp()->isDouble()) {
                 spliceCvtD(nodep->lhsp());
@@ -7330,8 +7347,12 @@ class WidthVisitor final : public VNVisitor {
         }
         (void)underp;  // cppcheck
     }
+    void iterateCheckIntegralSelf(AstNode* nodep, const char* side, AstNode* underp, Determ determ,
+                                  Stage stage) {
+        iterateCheckSelf(nodep, side, underp, determ, stage, true);
+    }
     void iterateCheckSelf(AstNode* nodep, const char* side, AstNode* underp, Determ determ,
-                          Stage stage) {
+                          Stage stage, bool integralOnly = false) {
         // Coerce child to any data type; child is self-determined
         // i.e. isolated from expected type.
         // e.g. nodep=CONCAT, underp=lhs in CONCAT(lhs,rhs)
@@ -7341,7 +7362,8 @@ class WidthVisitor final : public VNVisitor {
         if (stage & PRELIM) {
             underp = userIterateSubtreeReturnEdits(underp, WidthVP{SELF, PRELIM}.p());
         }
-        underp = VN_IS(underp, NodeExpr) ? checkCvtUS(VN_AS(underp, NodeExpr)) : underp;
+        underp
+            = VN_IS(underp, NodeExpr) ? checkCvtUS(VN_AS(underp, NodeExpr), integralOnly) : underp;
         AstNodeDType* const expDTypep = underp->dtypep();
         underp = iterateCheck(nodep, side, underp, SELF, FINAL, expDTypep, EXTEND_EXP);
         (void)underp;  // cppcheck
@@ -7357,7 +7379,7 @@ class WidthVisitor final : public VNVisitor {
         if (stage & PRELIM) {
             underp = userIterateSubtreeReturnEdits(underp, WidthVP{SELF, PRELIM}.p());
         }
-        underp = VN_IS(underp, NodeExpr) ? checkCvtUS(VN_AS(underp, NodeExpr)) : underp;
+        underp = VN_IS(underp, NodeExpr) ? checkCvtUS(VN_AS(underp, NodeExpr), false) : underp;
         AstNodeDType* const expDTypep = underp->dtypep();
         underp = iterateCheck(nodep, side, underp, SELF, FINAL, expDTypep, EXTEND_EXP);
         AstNodeDType* const checkDtp = expDTypep->skipRefToEnump();
@@ -7556,30 +7578,40 @@ class WidthVisitor final : public VNVisitor {
                                 << underp->prettyNameQ() << " is an interface.");
             } else if (const AstIfaceRefDType* expIfaceRefp
                        = VN_CAST(expDTypep->skipRefp(), IfaceRefDType)) {
-                const AstIfaceRefDType* underIfaceRefp
-                    = VN_CAST(underp->dtypep()->skipRefp(), IfaceRefDType);
-                if (!underIfaceRefp) {
-                    underp->v3error(ucfirst(nodep->prettyOperatorName())
-                                    << " expected " << expIfaceRefp->ifaceViaCellp()->prettyNameQ()
-                                    << " interface on " << side << " but " << underp->prettyNameQ()
-                                    << " is not an interface.");
-                } else if (expIfaceRefp->ifaceViaCellp() != underIfaceRefp->ifaceViaCellp()) {
-                    underp->v3error(ucfirst(nodep->prettyOperatorName())
-                                    << " expected " << expIfaceRefp->ifaceViaCellp()->prettyNameQ()
-                                    << " interface on " << side << " but " << underp->prettyNameQ()
-                                    << " is a different interface ("
-                                    << underIfaceRefp->ifaceViaCellp()->prettyNameQ() << ").");
-                } else if (underIfaceRefp->modportp()
-                           && expIfaceRefp->modportp() != underIfaceRefp->modportp()) {
-                    underp->v3error(ucfirst(nodep->prettyOperatorName())
-                                    << " expected "
-                                    << (expIfaceRefp->modportp()
-                                            ? expIfaceRefp->modportp()->prettyNameQ()
-                                            : "no")
-                                    << " interface modport on " << side << " but got "
-                                    << underIfaceRefp->modportp()->prettyNameQ() << " modport.");
+                if (VN_IS(underp, Const)) {
+                    if (!VN_CAST(underp, Const)->num().isNull()) {
+                        underp->v3error(ucfirst(nodep->prettyOperatorName())
+                                        << " expected 'null' keyword"
+                                        << " on " << side << " but got " << underp->prettyNameQ());
+                    } else {
+                        underp = userIterateSubtreeReturnEdits(underp, WidthVP{expDTypep, FINAL}.p());
+                    }
                 } else {
-                    underp = userIterateSubtreeReturnEdits(underp, WidthVP{expDTypep, FINAL}.p());
+                    const AstIfaceRefDType* underIfaceRefp
+                        = VN_CAST(underp->dtypep()->skipRefp(), IfaceRefDType);
+                    if (!underIfaceRefp) {
+                        underp->v3error(ucfirst(nodep->prettyOperatorName())
+                                        << " expected " << expIfaceRefp->ifaceViaCellp()->prettyNameQ()
+                                        << " interface on " << side << " but " << underp->prettyNameQ()
+                                        << " is not an interface.");
+                    } else if (expIfaceRefp->ifaceViaCellp() != underIfaceRefp->ifaceViaCellp()) {
+                        underp->v3error(ucfirst(nodep->prettyOperatorName())
+                                        << " expected " << expIfaceRefp->ifaceViaCellp()->prettyNameQ()
+                                        << " interface on " << side << " but " << underp->prettyNameQ()
+                                        << " is a different interface ("
+                                        << underIfaceRefp->ifaceViaCellp()->prettyNameQ() << ").");
+                    } else if (underIfaceRefp->modportp()
+                               && expIfaceRefp->modportp() != underIfaceRefp->modportp()) {
+                        underp->v3error(ucfirst(nodep->prettyOperatorName())
+                                        << " expected "
+                                        << (expIfaceRefp->modportp()
+                                                ? expIfaceRefp->modportp()->prettyNameQ()
+                                                : "no")
+                                        << " interface modport on " << side << " but got "
+                                        << underIfaceRefp->modportp()->prettyNameQ() << " modport.");
+                    } else {
+                        underp = userIterateSubtreeReturnEdits(underp, WidthVP{expDTypep, FINAL}.p());
+                    }
                 }
             } else {
                 // Hope it just works out (perhaps a cast will deal with it)
@@ -7674,12 +7706,16 @@ class WidthVisitor final : public VNVisitor {
     //----------------------------------------------------------------------
     // SIGNED/DOUBLE METHODS
 
-    AstNodeExpr* checkCvtUS(AstNodeExpr* nodep) {
-        if (nodep && nodep->isDouble()) {
-            nodep->v3error("Expected integral (non-" << nodep->dtypep()->prettyDTypeNameQ()
-                                                     << ") input to "
-                                                     << nodep->backp()->prettyTypeName());
-            nodep = spliceCvtS(nodep, true, 32);
+    AstNodeExpr* checkCvtUS(AstNodeExpr* nodep, bool fatal) {
+        if (nodep && nodep->dtypep()->skipRefp()->isDouble()) {
+            if (fatal) {
+                nodep->v3error("Expected integral input to " << nodep->backp()->prettyTypeName());
+            } else {
+                nodep->v3warn(REALCVT,
+                              "Implicit conversion of real to integer; expected integral input to "
+                                  << nodep->backp()->prettyTypeName());
+            }
+            nodep = spliceCvtS(nodep, false, 32);
         }
         return nodep;
     }
@@ -8300,6 +8336,39 @@ class WidthVisitor final : public VNVisitor {
         if (nodep->subDTypep()) return hasOpenArrayIterateDType(nodep->subDTypep()->skipRefp());
         return false;
     }
+    AstNodeDType* dtypeNotIntAtomOrVecRecurse(AstNodeDType* nodep, bool ranged = false) {
+        // If node is _not_ integer or atomic, return node that makes it fail
+        nodep = nodep->skipRefToEnump();
+        if (AstBasicDType* const dtp = VN_CAST(nodep, BasicDType)) {
+            if (ranged && (!dtp->isBitLogic() || dtp->isRanged()))
+                return dtp;  // Packed when already packed
+            if (dtp->keyword().isIntNumeric()) return nullptr;
+            return dtp;
+        } else if (AstPackArrayDType* const dtp = VN_CAST(nodep, PackArrayDType)) {
+            if (ranged) return dtp;  // Packed when already packed
+            return dtypeNotIntAtomOrVecRecurse(nodep->subDTypep(), true);
+        }
+        return nodep;
+    }
+    AstNodeDType* dtypeNot4StateIntegralRecurse(AstNodeDType* nodep) {
+        // If node is _not_ inet valid data type, 4-state integral packed or union, return node
+        // that makes it fail
+        nodep = nodep->skipRefp();
+        if (AstBasicDType* const dtp = VN_CAST(nodep, BasicDType)) {
+            if (!dtp->keyword().isFourstate()) return dtp;
+            return nullptr;
+        } else if (AstNodeArrayDType* const dtp = VN_CAST(nodep, NodeArrayDType)) {
+            return dtypeNot4StateIntegralRecurse(nodep->subDTypep());
+        } else if (AstNodeUOrStructDType* const dtp = VN_CAST(nodep, NodeUOrStructDType)) {
+            for (AstMemberDType* itemp = dtp->membersp(); itemp;
+                 itemp = VN_AS(itemp->nextp(), MemberDType)) {
+                AstNodeDType* const badDtp = dtypeNot4StateIntegralRecurse(itemp->dtypep());
+                if (badDtp) return badDtp;
+            }
+            return nullptr;
+        }
+        return nodep;
+    }
 
     //----------------------------------------------------------------------
     // METHODS - special type detection

src/Verilator.cpp

@@ -649,7 +649,6 @@ static void process() {
 
     // Final statistics
     if (v3Global.opt.stats()) V3Stats::statsStage("emit");
-    reportStatsIfEnabled();
 }
 
 static void verilate(const string& argString) {
@@ -769,6 +768,7 @@ static void verilate(const string& argString) {
 
     V3Os::filesystemFlushBuildDir(v3Global.opt.makeDir());
     if (v3Global.opt.hierTop()) V3Os::filesystemFlushBuildDir(v3Global.opt.hierTopDataDir());
+    if (v3Global.opt.stats()) V3Stats::statsStage("wrote");
 
     // Final writing shouldn't throw warnings, but...
     V3Error::abortIfWarnings();
@@ -867,6 +867,7 @@ int main(int argc, char** argv) {
         execBuildJob();
     }
 
+    reportStatsIfEnabled();
     V3DiagSarif::output(true);
 
     // Explicitly release resources

src/verilog.l

@@ -270,6 +270,7 @@ vnum    {vnum1}|{vnum2}|{vnum3}|{vnum4}|{vnum5}
   "$rewind"             { FL; return yD_REWIND; }
   "$rtoi"               { FL; return yD_RTOI; }
   "$sampled"            { FL; return yD_SAMPLED; }
+  "$sdf_annotate"       { FL; return yD_SDF_ANNOTATE; }
   "$setup"              { FL; return yaTIMINGSPEC; }
   "$setuphold"          { FL; return yD_SETUPHOLD; }
   "$sformat"            { FL; return yD_SFORMAT; }

src/verilog.y

@@ -98,6 +98,7 @@ public:
     bool m_tracingParse = true;  // Tracing disable for parser
     bool m_inImplements = false;  // Is inside class implements list
     bool m_insideProperty = false;  // Is inside property declaration
+    bool m_specifyignWarned = false;  // Issued a SPECIFYIGN warning
     bool m_typedPropertyPort = false;  // Typed property port occurred on port lists
     bool m_modportImpExpActive
         = false;  // Standalone ID is a tf_identifier instead of port_identifier
@@ -926,6 +927,7 @@ BISONPRE_VERSION(3.7,%define api.header.include {"V3ParseBison.h"})
 %token<fl>              yD_ROSE_GCLK    "$rose_gclk"
 %token<fl>              yD_RTOI         "$rtoi"
 %token<fl>              yD_SAMPLED      "$sampled"
+%token<fl>              yD_SDF_ANNOTATE "$sdf_annotate"
 %token<fl>              yD_SETUPHOLD    "$setuphold"
 %token<fl>              yD_SFORMAT      "$sformat"
 %token<fl>              yD_SFORMATF     "$sformatf"
@@ -2226,10 +2228,11 @@ data_typeNoRef<nodeDTypep>:             // ==IEEE: data_type, excluding class_ty
                                    new AstDefImplicitDType{$1->fileline(),
                                                            "__typeimpsu" + cvtToStr(GRAMMARP->s_typeImpNum++),
                                                            VFlagChildDType{}, $1}, $2, true); }
-        |       enumDecl
-                        { $$ = new AstDefImplicitDType{$1->fileline(),
-                                                       "__typeimpenum" + cvtToStr(GRAMMARP->s_typeImpNum++),
-                                                       VFlagChildDType{}, $1}; }
+        |       enumDecl packed_dimensionListE
+                        { $$ = GRAMMARP->createArray(
+                                   new AstDefImplicitDType{$1->fileline(),
+                                                           "__typeimpenum" + cvtToStr(GRAMMARP->s_typeImpNum++),
+                                                           VFlagChildDType{}, $1}, $2, true); }
         |       ySTRING
                         { $$ = new AstBasicDType{$1, VBasicDTypeKwd::STRING}; }
         |       yCHANDLE
@@ -3754,7 +3757,9 @@ statement_item<nodep>:          // IEEE: statement_item
         //                      // IEEE: disable_statement
         |       yDISABLE yFORK ';'                      { $$ = new AstDisableFork{$1}; }
         |       yDISABLE idDottedSel ';'
-                        { $$ = new AstDisable{$1, $2}; }
+                        { $$ = new AstDisable{$1, $2};
+                          PARSEP->importIfInStd($1, "process");
+                        }
         //                      // IEEE: event_trigger
         |       yP_MINUSGT expr ';'
                         { $$ = new AstFireEvent{$1, $2, false}; }
@@ -4178,6 +4183,7 @@ loop_variables<nodep>:          // IEEE: loop_variables
                 parseRefBase                            { $$ = $1; }
         |       loop_variables ',' parseRefBase         { $$ = $1->addNext($3); }
         |       ',' parseRefBase                        { $$ = new AstEmpty{$1}; $$->addNext($2); }
+        |       ','                                     { $$ = new AstEmpty{$1}; }
         ;
 
 //************************************************
@@ -4280,6 +4286,7 @@ system_t_call<nodeStmtp>:       // IEEE: system_tf_call (as task)
         |       yD_DUMPON '(' expr ')'                  { $$ = new AstDumpCtl{$<fl>1, VDumpCtlType::ON}; DEL($3); }
         //
         |       yD_C '(' cStrList ')'                   { $$ = (v3Global.opt.ignc() ? nullptr : new AstUCStmt{$1, $3}); }
+        |       yD_SDF_ANNOTATE '(' exprEListE ')'      { $$ = nullptr; $1->v3warn(SPECIFYIGN, "Ignoring unsupported: $sdf_annotate"); }
         |       yD_STACKTRACE parenE                    { $$ = new AstStackTraceT{$1}; }
         |       yD_SYSTEM '(' expr ')'                  { $$ = new AstSystemT{$1, $3}; }
         //
@@ -5349,6 +5356,11 @@ exprList<nodeExprp>:
         |       exprList ',' expr                       { $$ = $1->addNext($3); }
         ;
 
+exprEListE<nodep>:  // expression list with empty commas allowed
+                exprE                                   { $$ = $1; }
+        |       exprEListE ',' exprE                    { $$ = addNextNull($1, $3); }
+        ;
+
 exprDispList<nodeExprp>:            // exprList for within $display
                 expr                                    { $$ = $1; }
         |       exprDispList ',' expr                   { $$ = $1->addNext($3); }
@@ -5821,8 +5833,12 @@ tablelVal<udpTableLineValp>:
 // Specify
 
 specify_block<nodep>:               // ==IEEE: specify_block
-                ySPECIFY specify_itemList yENDSPECIFY   { $$ = $2; }
-        |       ySPECIFY yENDSPECIFY                    { $$ = nullptr; }
+                specifyFront specify_itemList yENDSPECIFY   { $$ = $2; }
+        |       specifyFront yENDSPECIFY                { $$ = nullptr; }
+        ;
+
+specifyFront:  // IEEE: specify_block front
+                ySPECIFY                                { GRAMMARP->m_specifyignWarned = false; }
         ;
 
 specify_itemList<nodep>:            // IEEE: { specify_item }
@@ -5833,7 +5849,13 @@ specify_itemList<nodep>:            // IEEE: { specify_item }
 specify_item<nodep>:                // ==IEEE: specify_item
                 specparam_declaration                   { $$ = $1; }
         |       system_timing_check                     { $$ = $1; }
-        |       junkToSemiList ';'                      { $$ = nullptr; }
+        |       junkToSemiList ';'
+                        { $$ = nullptr;
+                          if (!GRAMMARP->m_specifyignWarned) {
+                              GRAMMARP->m_specifyignWarned = true;
+                              $1->v3warn(SPECIFYIGN, "Ignoring unsupported: specify block construct");
+                          }
+                        }
         ;
 
 specparam_declaration<nodep>:       // ==IEEE: specparam_declaration
@@ -5922,9 +5944,9 @@ idAnyE<strp>:
         |       idAny                                   { $$ = $1; }
         ;
 
-junkToSemiList:
-                junkToSemi                              { } /* ignored */
-        |       junkToSemiList junkToSemi               { } /* ignored */
+junkToSemiList<fl>:
+                junkToSemi                              { $$ = CRELINE(); }
+        |       junkToSemiList junkToSemi               { $$ = CRELINE(); }
         ;
 
 junkToSemi:
@@ -6116,6 +6138,8 @@ idArrayedForeach<nodeExprp>:    // IEEE: id + select (under foreach expression)
         |       idArrayed '[' expr yP_MINUSCOLON constExpr ']'  { $$ = new AstSelMinus{$2, $1, $3, $5}; }
         //                      // IEEE: loop_variables (under foreach expression)
         //                      // To avoid conflicts we allow expr as first element, must post-check
+        |       idArrayed '[' ']'
+                        { $$ = new AstSelLoopVars{$2, $1, new AstEmpty{$3}}; }
         |       idArrayed '[' expr ',' loop_variables ']'
                         { $$ = new AstSelLoopVars{$2, $1, addNextNull(static_cast<AstNode*>($3), $5)}; }
         |       idArrayed '[' ',' loop_variables ']'
@@ -6819,21 +6843,38 @@ covergroup_declaration<nodep>:  // ==IEEE: covergroup_declaration
         |       covergroup_declarationFront '(' tf_port_listE ')'
         /*cont*/    coverage_eventE ';' coverage_spec_or_optionListE
         /*cont*/    yENDGROUP endLabelE
-                        { $$ = $1;
+                        { AstFunc* const newp = new AstFunc{$<fl>1, "new", nullptr, nullptr};
+                          newp->classMethod(true);
+                          newp->isConstructor(true);
+                          newp->dtypep($1->dtypep());
+                          newp->addStmtsp($3);
+                          $1->addMembersp(newp);
+                          $$ = $1;
                           GRAMMARP->endLabel($<fl>9, $1, $9); }
-        //                      // IEEE 1800-2023 added:
-        |       covergroup_declarationFront yEXTENDS idAny/*covergroup_identifier*/
-        /*cont*/    ';' coverage_spec_or_optionListE
-        /*cont*/    yENDGROUP endLabelE
-                        { $$ = $1;
-                          GRAMMARP->endLabel($<fl>7, $1, $7); }
+        ;
+
+covergroup_extendsE<fl>:  // IEEE: Part of covergroup_declaration
+                /* empty */                             { $$ = nullptr; }
+        |       yEXTENDS                                { $$ = $1; }
         ;
 
 covergroup_declarationFront<classp>:  // IEEE: part of covergroup_declaration
-                yCOVERGROUP idAny
-                        { $$ = new AstClass{$<fl>2, *$2, PARSEP->libname()};
+                yCOVERGROUP covergroup_extendsE idAny
+                        {
+                          $$ = new AstClass{$<fl>3, *$3, PARSEP->libname()};
+
+                          AstFunc* const sample = new AstFunc{$<fl>1, "sample", nullptr, nullptr};
+                          sample->classMethod(true);
+                          sample->dtypep(sample->findVoidDType());
+                          $$->addMembersp(sample);
+
+                          AstFunc* const getCoverage = new AstFunc{$<fl>1, "get_coverage", nullptr, nullptr};
+                          getCoverage->classMethod(true);
+                          getCoverage->dtypep(getCoverage->findVoidDType());
+                          $$->addMembersp(getCoverage);
+
                           BBCOVERIGN($<fl>1, "Ignoring unsupported: covergroup"); }
-        ;
+                ;
 
 cgexpr<nodeExprp>:  // IEEE-2012: covergroup_expression, before that just expression
                 expr                                    { $$ = $1; }
@@ -7003,7 +7044,7 @@ cross_itemList<nodep>:  // IEEE: part of list_of_cross_items
         ;
 
 cross_item<nodep>:  // ==IEEE: cross_item
-                idAny/*cover_point_identifier or variable_identifier*/  { $$ = nullptr; /*UNSUP*/ }
+                idDotted/*cover_point_identifier or variable_identifier*/  { $1->deleteTree(); $$ = nullptr; /*UNSUP*/ }
         ;
 
 cross_body<nodep>:  // ==IEEE: cross_body
@@ -7549,7 +7590,12 @@ class_item<nodep>:                      // ==IEEE: class_item
         |       class_declaration                       { $$ = $1; }
         |       timeunits_declaration                   { $$ = $1; }
         |       covergroup_declaration
-                        { $$ = nullptr; BBCOVERIGN($1, "Ignoring unsupported: covergroup within class"); }
+                        {
+                          const string cgName = $1->name();
+                          $1->name("__vlAnonCG_" + cgName);
+                          AstVar* const newp = new AstVar{$<fl>1, VVarType::VAR, cgName, VFlagChildDType{}, new AstRefDType($<fl>1, $1->name())};
+                          $$ = addNextNull($1, newp);
+                        }
         //                      // local_parameter_declaration under parameter_declaration
         |       parameter_declaration ';'               { $$ = $1; }
         |       ';'                                     { $$ = nullptr; }

test_regress/t/t_case_huge_sub.v

@@ -5,290 +5,284 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
 
 module t_case_huge_sub (/*AUTOARG*/
-   // Outputs
-   outa, outb, outc,
-   // Inputs
-   index
-   );
+  // Outputs
+  outa, outb, outc,
+  // Inputs
+  index
+  );
 
-   input [7:0] index;
-   output [9:0] outa;
-   output [1:0] outb;
-   output       outc;
+  input [7:0] index;
+  output logic [9:0] outa;
+  output logic [1:0] outb;
+  output logic outc;
 
-   // =============================
-   /*AUTOREG*/
-   // Beginning of automatic regs (for this module's undeclared outputs)
-   reg [9:0]            outa;
-   reg [1:0]            outb;
-   reg                  outc;
-   // End of automatics
+  // =============================
+  // Created from Python3:
+  // for i in range(1024):
+  //    print("      10'h%03x: begin outa = 10'h%03x; outb = 2'b%d%d; outc = 1'b%d; end"
+  //        % (i, random.randint(0,1024), random.randint(0,1),
+  //          random.randint(0,1), random.randint(0,1)))
 
-   // =============================
-   // Created from Python3:
-   // for i in range(1024):
-   //     print("        10'h%03x: begin outa = 10'h%03x; outb = 2'b%d%d; outc = 1'b%d; end"
-   //           % (i, random.randint(0,1024), random.randint(0,1),
-   //              random.randint(0,1), random.randint(0,1)))
-
-   always @(/*AS*/index) begin
-      case (index)
-        8'h00: begin outa = 10'h152; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h01: begin outa = 10'h318; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h02: begin outa = 10'h29f; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h03: begin outa = 10'h392; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h04: begin outa = 10'h1ef; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h05: begin outa = 10'h06c; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h06: begin outa = 10'h29f; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h07: begin outa = 10'h29a; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h08: begin outa = 10'h3ce; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h09: begin outa = 10'h37c; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h0a: begin outa = 10'h058; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h0b: begin outa = 10'h3b2; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h0c: begin outa = 10'h36f; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h0d: begin outa = 10'h2c5; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h0e: begin outa = 10'h23a; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h0f: begin outa = 10'h222; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h10: begin outa = 10'h328; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h11: begin outa = 10'h3c3; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h12: begin outa = 10'h12c; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h13: begin outa = 10'h1d0; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h14: begin outa = 10'h3ff; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h15: begin outa = 10'h115; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h16: begin outa = 10'h3ba; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h17: begin outa = 10'h3ba; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h18: begin outa = 10'h10d; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h19: begin outa = 10'h13b; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h1a: begin outa = 10'h0a0; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h1b: begin outa = 10'h264; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h1c: begin outa = 10'h3a2; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h1d: begin outa = 10'h07c; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h1e: begin outa = 10'h291; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h1f: begin outa = 10'h1d1; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h20: begin outa = 10'h354; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h21: begin outa = 10'h0c0; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h22: begin outa = 10'h191; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h23: begin outa = 10'h379; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h24: begin outa = 10'h073; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h25: begin outa = 10'h2fd; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h26: begin outa = 10'h2e0; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h27: begin outa = 10'h337; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h28: begin outa = 10'h2c7; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h29: begin outa = 10'h19e; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h2a: begin outa = 10'h107; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h2b: begin outa = 10'h06a; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h2c: begin outa = 10'h1c7; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h2d: begin outa = 10'h107; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h2e: begin outa = 10'h0cf; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h2f: begin outa = 10'h009; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h30: begin outa = 10'h09d; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h31: begin outa = 10'h28e; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h32: begin outa = 10'h010; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h33: begin outa = 10'h1e0; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h34: begin outa = 10'h079; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h35: begin outa = 10'h13e; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h36: begin outa = 10'h282; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h37: begin outa = 10'h21c; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h38: begin outa = 10'h148; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h39: begin outa = 10'h3c0; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h3a: begin outa = 10'h176; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h3b: begin outa = 10'h3fc; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h3c: begin outa = 10'h295; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h3d: begin outa = 10'h113; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h3e: begin outa = 10'h354; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h3f: begin outa = 10'h0db; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h40: begin outa = 10'h238; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h41: begin outa = 10'h12b; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h42: begin outa = 10'h1dc; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h43: begin outa = 10'h137; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h44: begin outa = 10'h1e2; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h45: begin outa = 10'h3d5; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h46: begin outa = 10'h30c; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h47: begin outa = 10'h298; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h48: begin outa = 10'h080; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h49: begin outa = 10'h35a; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h4a: begin outa = 10'h01b; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h4b: begin outa = 10'h0a3; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h4c: begin outa = 10'h0b3; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h4d: begin outa = 10'h17a; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h4e: begin outa = 10'h3ae; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h4f: begin outa = 10'h078; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h50: begin outa = 10'h322; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h51: begin outa = 10'h213; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h52: begin outa = 10'h11a; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h53: begin outa = 10'h1a7; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h54: begin outa = 10'h35a; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h55: begin outa = 10'h233; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h56: begin outa = 10'h01d; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h57: begin outa = 10'h2d5; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h58: begin outa = 10'h1a0; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h59: begin outa = 10'h3d0; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h5a: begin outa = 10'h181; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h5b: begin outa = 10'h219; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h5c: begin outa = 10'h26a; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h5d: begin outa = 10'h050; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h5e: begin outa = 10'h189; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h5f: begin outa = 10'h1eb; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h60: begin outa = 10'h224; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h61: begin outa = 10'h2fe; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h62: begin outa = 10'h0ae; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h63: begin outa = 10'h1cd; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h64: begin outa = 10'h273; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h65: begin outa = 10'h268; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h66: begin outa = 10'h111; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h67: begin outa = 10'h1f9; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h68: begin outa = 10'h232; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h69: begin outa = 10'h255; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h6a: begin outa = 10'h34c; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h6b: begin outa = 10'h049; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h6c: begin outa = 10'h197; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h6d: begin outa = 10'h0fe; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h6e: begin outa = 10'h253; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h6f: begin outa = 10'h2de; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h70: begin outa = 10'h13b; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h71: begin outa = 10'h040; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h72: begin outa = 10'h0b4; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h73: begin outa = 10'h233; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h74: begin outa = 10'h198; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h75: begin outa = 10'h018; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h76: begin outa = 10'h2f7; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h77: begin outa = 10'h134; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h78: begin outa = 10'h1ca; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h79: begin outa = 10'h286; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h7a: begin outa = 10'h0e6; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h7b: begin outa = 10'h064; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h7c: begin outa = 10'h257; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h7d: begin outa = 10'h31a; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h7e: begin outa = 10'h247; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h7f: begin outa = 10'h299; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h80: begin outa = 10'h02c; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h81: begin outa = 10'h2bb; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h82: begin outa = 10'h180; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h83: begin outa = 10'h245; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h84: begin outa = 10'h0da; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h85: begin outa = 10'h367; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h86: begin outa = 10'h304; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h87: begin outa = 10'h38b; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h88: begin outa = 10'h09f; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h89: begin outa = 10'h1f0; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h8a: begin outa = 10'h281; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h8b: begin outa = 10'h019; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h8c: begin outa = 10'h1f2; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h8d: begin outa = 10'h0b1; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h8e: begin outa = 10'h058; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h8f: begin outa = 10'h39b; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h90: begin outa = 10'h2ec; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h91: begin outa = 10'h250; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h92: begin outa = 10'h3f4; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h93: begin outa = 10'h057; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h94: begin outa = 10'h18f; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h95: begin outa = 10'h105; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h96: begin outa = 10'h1ae; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h97: begin outa = 10'h04e; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h98: begin outa = 10'h240; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h99: begin outa = 10'h3e4; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h9a: begin outa = 10'h3c6; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h9b: begin outa = 10'h109; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h9c: begin outa = 10'h073; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'h9d: begin outa = 10'h19f; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h9e: begin outa = 10'h3b8; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'h9f: begin outa = 10'h00e; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'ha0: begin outa = 10'h1b3; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'ha1: begin outa = 10'h2bd; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'ha2: begin outa = 10'h324; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'ha3: begin outa = 10'h343; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'ha4: begin outa = 10'h1c9; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'ha5: begin outa = 10'h185; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'ha6: begin outa = 10'h37a; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'ha7: begin outa = 10'h0e0; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'ha8: begin outa = 10'h0a3; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'ha9: begin outa = 10'h019; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'haa: begin outa = 10'h099; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'hab: begin outa = 10'h376; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'hac: begin outa = 10'h077; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'had: begin outa = 10'h2b1; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'hae: begin outa = 10'h27f; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'haf: begin outa = 10'h265; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'hb0: begin outa = 10'h156; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'hb1: begin outa = 10'h1ce; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'hb2: begin outa = 10'h008; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'hb3: begin outa = 10'h12e; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'hb4: begin outa = 10'h199; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'hb5: begin outa = 10'h330; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'hb6: begin outa = 10'h1ab; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'hb7: begin outa = 10'h3bd; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'hb8: begin outa = 10'h0ca; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'hb9: begin outa = 10'h367; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'hba: begin outa = 10'h334; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'hbb: begin outa = 10'h040; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'hbc: begin outa = 10'h1a7; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'hbd: begin outa = 10'h036; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'hbe: begin outa = 10'h223; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'hbf: begin outa = 10'h075; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'hc0: begin outa = 10'h3c4; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'hc1: begin outa = 10'h2cc; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'hc2: begin outa = 10'h123; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'hc3: begin outa = 10'h3fd; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'hc4: begin outa = 10'h11e; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'hc5: begin outa = 10'h27c; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'hc6: begin outa = 10'h1e2; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'hc7: begin outa = 10'h377; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'hc8: begin outa = 10'h33a; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'hc9: begin outa = 10'h32d; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'hca: begin outa = 10'h014; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'hcb: begin outa = 10'h332; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'hcc: begin outa = 10'h359; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'hcd: begin outa = 10'h0a4; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'hce: begin outa = 10'h348; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'hcf: begin outa = 10'h04b; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'hd0: begin outa = 10'h147; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'hd1: begin outa = 10'h026; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'hd2: begin outa = 10'h103; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'hd3: begin outa = 10'h106; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'hd4: begin outa = 10'h35a; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'hd5: begin outa = 10'h254; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'hd6: begin outa = 10'h0cd; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'hd7: begin outa = 10'h17c; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'hd8: begin outa = 10'h37e; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'hd9: begin outa = 10'h0a9; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'hda: begin outa = 10'h0fe; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'hdb: begin outa = 10'h3c0; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'hdc: begin outa = 10'h1d9; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'hdd: begin outa = 10'h10e; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'hde: begin outa = 10'h394; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'hdf: begin outa = 10'h316; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'he0: begin outa = 10'h05b; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'he1: begin outa = 10'h126; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'he2: begin outa = 10'h369; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'he3: begin outa = 10'h291; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'he4: begin outa = 10'h2ca; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'he5: begin outa = 10'h25b; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'he6: begin outa = 10'h106; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'he7: begin outa = 10'h172; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'he8: begin outa = 10'h2f7; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'he9: begin outa = 10'h2d3; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'hea: begin outa = 10'h182; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'heb: begin outa = 10'h327; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'hec: begin outa = 10'h1d0; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'hed: begin outa = 10'h204; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'hee: begin outa = 10'h11f; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'hef: begin outa = 10'h365; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'hf0: begin outa = 10'h2c2; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'hf1: begin outa = 10'h2b5; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'hf2: begin outa = 10'h1f8; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'hf3: begin outa = 10'h2a7; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'hf4: begin outa = 10'h1be; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'hf5: begin outa = 10'h25e; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'hf6: begin outa = 10'h032; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'hf7: begin outa = 10'h2ef; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'hf8: begin outa = 10'h02f; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'hf9: begin outa = 10'h201; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'hfa: begin outa = 10'h054; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
-        8'hfb: begin outa = 10'h013; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'hfc: begin outa = 10'h249; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'hfd: begin outa = 10'h09a; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'hfe: begin outa = 10'h012; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
-        8'hff: begin outa = 10'h114; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
-      endcase
-   end
+  always @* begin
+    // verilog_format: off
+    case (index)
+      8'h00: begin outa = 10'h152; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h01: begin outa = 10'h318; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h02: begin outa = 10'h29f; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h03: begin outa = 10'h392; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h04: begin outa = 10'h1ef; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h05: begin outa = 10'h06c; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h06: begin outa = 10'h29f; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h07: begin outa = 10'h29a; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h08: begin outa = 10'h3ce; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h09: begin outa = 10'h37c; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h0a: begin outa = 10'h058; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h0b: begin outa = 10'h3b2; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h0c: begin outa = 10'h36f; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h0d: begin outa = 10'h2c5; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h0e: begin outa = 10'h23a; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h0f: begin outa = 10'h222; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h10: begin outa = 10'h328; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h11: begin outa = 10'h3c3; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h12: begin outa = 10'h12c; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h13: begin outa = 10'h1d0; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h14: begin outa = 10'h3ff; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h15: begin outa = 10'h115; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h16: begin outa = 10'h3ba; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h17: begin outa = 10'h3ba; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h18: begin outa = 10'h10d; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h19: begin outa = 10'h13b; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h1a: begin outa = 10'h0a0; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h1b: begin outa = 10'h264; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h1c: begin outa = 10'h3a2; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h1d: begin outa = 10'h07c; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h1e: begin outa = 10'h291; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h1f: begin outa = 10'h1d1; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h20: begin outa = 10'h354; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h21: begin outa = 10'h0c0; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h22: begin outa = 10'h191; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h23: begin outa = 10'h379; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h24: begin outa = 10'h073; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h25: begin outa = 10'h2fd; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h26: begin outa = 10'h2e0; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h27: begin outa = 10'h337; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h28: begin outa = 10'h2c7; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h29: begin outa = 10'h19e; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h2a: begin outa = 10'h107; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h2b: begin outa = 10'h06a; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h2c: begin outa = 10'h1c7; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h2d: begin outa = 10'h107; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h2e: begin outa = 10'h0cf; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h2f: begin outa = 10'h009; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h30: begin outa = 10'h09d; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h31: begin outa = 10'h28e; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h32: begin outa = 10'h010; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h33: begin outa = 10'h1e0; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h34: begin outa = 10'h079; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h35: begin outa = 10'h13e; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h36: begin outa = 10'h282; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h37: begin outa = 10'h21c; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h38: begin outa = 10'h148; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h39: begin outa = 10'h3c0; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h3a: begin outa = 10'h176; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h3b: begin outa = 10'h3fc; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h3c: begin outa = 10'h295; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h3d: begin outa = 10'h113; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h3e: begin outa = 10'h354; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h3f: begin outa = 10'h0db; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h40: begin outa = 10'h238; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h41: begin outa = 10'h12b; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h42: begin outa = 10'h1dc; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h43: begin outa = 10'h137; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h44: begin outa = 10'h1e2; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h45: begin outa = 10'h3d5; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h46: begin outa = 10'h30c; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h47: begin outa = 10'h298; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h48: begin outa = 10'h080; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h49: begin outa = 10'h35a; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h4a: begin outa = 10'h01b; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h4b: begin outa = 10'h0a3; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h4c: begin outa = 10'h0b3; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h4d: begin outa = 10'h17a; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h4e: begin outa = 10'h3ae; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h4f: begin outa = 10'h078; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h50: begin outa = 10'h322; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h51: begin outa = 10'h213; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h52: begin outa = 10'h11a; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h53: begin outa = 10'h1a7; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h54: begin outa = 10'h35a; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h55: begin outa = 10'h233; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h56: begin outa = 10'h01d; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h57: begin outa = 10'h2d5; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h58: begin outa = 10'h1a0; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h59: begin outa = 10'h3d0; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h5a: begin outa = 10'h181; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h5b: begin outa = 10'h219; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h5c: begin outa = 10'h26a; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h5d: begin outa = 10'h050; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h5e: begin outa = 10'h189; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h5f: begin outa = 10'h1eb; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h60: begin outa = 10'h224; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h61: begin outa = 10'h2fe; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h62: begin outa = 10'h0ae; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h63: begin outa = 10'h1cd; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h64: begin outa = 10'h273; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h65: begin outa = 10'h268; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h66: begin outa = 10'h111; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h67: begin outa = 10'h1f9; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h68: begin outa = 10'h232; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h69: begin outa = 10'h255; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h6a: begin outa = 10'h34c; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h6b: begin outa = 10'h049; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h6c: begin outa = 10'h197; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h6d: begin outa = 10'h0fe; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h6e: begin outa = 10'h253; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h6f: begin outa = 10'h2de; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h70: begin outa = 10'h13b; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h71: begin outa = 10'h040; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h72: begin outa = 10'h0b4; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h73: begin outa = 10'h233; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h74: begin outa = 10'h198; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h75: begin outa = 10'h018; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h76: begin outa = 10'h2f7; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h77: begin outa = 10'h134; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h78: begin outa = 10'h1ca; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h79: begin outa = 10'h286; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h7a: begin outa = 10'h0e6; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h7b: begin outa = 10'h064; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h7c: begin outa = 10'h257; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h7d: begin outa = 10'h31a; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h7e: begin outa = 10'h247; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h7f: begin outa = 10'h299; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h80: begin outa = 10'h02c; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h81: begin outa = 10'h2bb; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h82: begin outa = 10'h180; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h83: begin outa = 10'h245; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h84: begin outa = 10'h0da; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h85: begin outa = 10'h367; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h86: begin outa = 10'h304; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h87: begin outa = 10'h38b; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h88: begin outa = 10'h09f; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h89: begin outa = 10'h1f0; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h8a: begin outa = 10'h281; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h8b: begin outa = 10'h019; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h8c: begin outa = 10'h1f2; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h8d: begin outa = 10'h0b1; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h8e: begin outa = 10'h058; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h8f: begin outa = 10'h39b; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h90: begin outa = 10'h2ec; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h91: begin outa = 10'h250; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h92: begin outa = 10'h3f4; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h93: begin outa = 10'h057; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h94: begin outa = 10'h18f; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h95: begin outa = 10'h105; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h96: begin outa = 10'h1ae; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h97: begin outa = 10'h04e; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h98: begin outa = 10'h240; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h99: begin outa = 10'h3e4; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h9a: begin outa = 10'h3c6; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h9b: begin outa = 10'h109; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h9c: begin outa = 10'h073; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'h9d: begin outa = 10'h19f; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h9e: begin outa = 10'h3b8; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'h9f: begin outa = 10'h00e; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'ha0: begin outa = 10'h1b3; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'ha1: begin outa = 10'h2bd; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'ha2: begin outa = 10'h324; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'ha3: begin outa = 10'h343; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'ha4: begin outa = 10'h1c9; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'ha5: begin outa = 10'h185; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'ha6: begin outa = 10'h37a; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'ha7: begin outa = 10'h0e0; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'ha8: begin outa = 10'h0a3; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'ha9: begin outa = 10'h019; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'haa: begin outa = 10'h099; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'hab: begin outa = 10'h376; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'hac: begin outa = 10'h077; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'had: begin outa = 10'h2b1; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'hae: begin outa = 10'h27f; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'haf: begin outa = 10'h265; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'hb0: begin outa = 10'h156; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'hb1: begin outa = 10'h1ce; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'hb2: begin outa = 10'h008; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'hb3: begin outa = 10'h12e; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'hb4: begin outa = 10'h199; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'hb5: begin outa = 10'h330; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'hb6: begin outa = 10'h1ab; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'hb7: begin outa = 10'h3bd; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'hb8: begin outa = 10'h0ca; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'hb9: begin outa = 10'h367; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'hba: begin outa = 10'h334; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'hbb: begin outa = 10'h040; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'hbc: begin outa = 10'h1a7; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'hbd: begin outa = 10'h036; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'hbe: begin outa = 10'h223; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'hbf: begin outa = 10'h075; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'hc0: begin outa = 10'h3c4; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'hc1: begin outa = 10'h2cc; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'hc2: begin outa = 10'h123; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'hc3: begin outa = 10'h3fd; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'hc4: begin outa = 10'h11e; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'hc5: begin outa = 10'h27c; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'hc6: begin outa = 10'h1e2; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'hc7: begin outa = 10'h377; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'hc8: begin outa = 10'h33a; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'hc9: begin outa = 10'h32d; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'hca: begin outa = 10'h014; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'hcb: begin outa = 10'h332; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'hcc: begin outa = 10'h359; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'hcd: begin outa = 10'h0a4; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'hce: begin outa = 10'h348; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'hcf: begin outa = 10'h04b; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'hd0: begin outa = 10'h147; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'hd1: begin outa = 10'h026; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'hd2: begin outa = 10'h103; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'hd3: begin outa = 10'h106; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'hd4: begin outa = 10'h35a; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'hd5: begin outa = 10'h254; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'hd6: begin outa = 10'h0cd; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'hd7: begin outa = 10'h17c; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'hd8: begin outa = 10'h37e; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'hd9: begin outa = 10'h0a9; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'hda: begin outa = 10'h0fe; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'hdb: begin outa = 10'h3c0; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'hdc: begin outa = 10'h1d9; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'hdd: begin outa = 10'h10e; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'hde: begin outa = 10'h394; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'hdf: begin outa = 10'h316; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'he0: begin outa = 10'h05b; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'he1: begin outa = 10'h126; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'he2: begin outa = 10'h369; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'he3: begin outa = 10'h291; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'he4: begin outa = 10'h2ca; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'he5: begin outa = 10'h25b; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'he6: begin outa = 10'h106; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'he7: begin outa = 10'h172; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'he8: begin outa = 10'h2f7; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'he9: begin outa = 10'h2d3; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'hea: begin outa = 10'h182; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'heb: begin outa = 10'h327; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'hec: begin outa = 10'h1d0; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'hed: begin outa = 10'h204; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'hee: begin outa = 10'h11f; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'hef: begin outa = 10'h365; outb = 2'b11; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'hf0: begin outa = 10'h2c2; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'hf1: begin outa = 10'h2b5; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'hf2: begin outa = 10'h1f8; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'hf3: begin outa = 10'h2a7; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'hf4: begin outa = 10'h1be; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'hf5: begin outa = 10'h25e; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'hf6: begin outa = 10'h032; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'hf7: begin outa = 10'h2ef; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'hf8: begin outa = 10'h02f; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'hf9: begin outa = 10'h201; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'hfa: begin outa = 10'h054; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b1; end
+      8'hfb: begin outa = 10'h013; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'hfc: begin outa = 10'h249; outb = 2'b01; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'hfd: begin outa = 10'h09a; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'hfe: begin outa = 10'h012; outb = 2'b00; outc = 1'b0; end
+      8'hff: begin outa = 10'h114; outb = 2'b10; outc = 1'b1; end
+    endcase
+    // verilog_format: on
+  end
 endmodule

test_regress/t/t_case_huge_sub2.v

@@ -5,290 +5,286 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
 
 module t_case_huge_sub2 (/*AUTOARG*/
-   // Outputs
-   outa,
-   // Inputs
-   index
-   );
+  // Outputs
+  outa,
+  // Inputs
+  index
+  );
 
-   input [9:0] index;
-   output [9:0] outa;
+  input [9:0] index;
+  output logic [9:0] outa;
 
-   // =============================
-   /*AUTOREG*/
-   // Beginning of automatic regs (for this module's undeclared outputs)
-   reg [9:0]            outa;
-   // End of automatics
+  // =============================
+  // Created from Python3:
+  // for i in range(1024):
+  //    print("      10'h%03x: begin outa = 10'h%03x; outb = 2'b%d%d; outc = 1'b%d; end"
+  //        % (i, random.randint(0,1024), random.randint(0,1),
+  //          random.randint(0,1), random.randint(0,1)))
 
-   // =============================
-   // Created from Python3:
-   // for i in range(1024):
-   //     print("        10'h%03x: begin outa = 10'h%03x; outb = 2'b%d%d; outc = 1'b%d; end"
-   //           % (i, random.randint(0,1024), random.randint(0,1),
-   //              random.randint(0,1), random.randint(0,1)))
-
-   always @(/*AS*/index) begin
-      case (index[7:0])
-`ifdef VERILATOR // Harder test
-        8'h00: begin outa = $c("0"); end // Makes whole table non-optimizable
+  always @(/*AS*/index) begin
+    case (index[7:0])
+`ifdef VERILATOR  // Harder test
+      8'h00: begin
+        outa = $c("0");
+      end  // Makes whole table non-optimizable
 `else
-        8'h00: begin outa = 10'h0; end
+      8'h00: outa = 10'h0;
 `endif
-        8'h01: begin outa = 10'h318; end
-        8'h02: begin outa = 10'h29f; end
-        8'h03: begin outa = 10'h392; end
-        8'h04: begin outa = 10'h1ef; end
-        8'h05: begin outa = 10'h06c; end
-        8'h06: begin outa = 10'h29f; end
-        8'h07: begin outa = 10'h29a; end
-        8'h08: begin outa = 10'h3ce; end
-        8'h09: begin outa = 10'h37c; end
-        8'h0a: begin outa = 10'h058; end
-        8'h0b: begin outa = 10'h3b2; end
-        8'h0c: begin outa = 10'h36f; end
-        8'h0d: begin outa = 10'h2c5; end
-        8'h0e: begin outa = 10'h23a; end
-        8'h0f: begin outa = 10'h222; end
-        8'h10: begin outa = 10'h328; end
-        8'h11: begin outa = 10'h3c3; end
-        8'h12: begin outa = 10'h12c; end
-        8'h13: begin outa = 10'h1d0; end
-        8'h14: begin outa = 10'h3ff; end
-        8'h15: begin outa = 10'h115; end
-        8'h16: begin outa = 10'h3ba; end
-        8'h17: begin outa = 10'h3ba; end
-        8'h18: begin outa = 10'h10d; end
-        8'h19: begin outa = 10'h13b; end
-        8'h1a: begin outa = 10'h0a0; end
-        8'h1b: begin outa = 10'h264; end
-        8'h1c: begin outa = 10'h3a2; end
-        8'h1d: begin outa = 10'h07c; end
-        8'h1e: begin outa = 10'h291; end
-        8'h1f: begin outa = 10'h1d1; end
-        8'h20: begin outa = 10'h354; end
-        8'h21: begin outa = 10'h0c0; end
-        8'h22: begin outa = 10'h191; end
-        8'h23: begin outa = 10'h379; end
-        8'h24: begin outa = 10'h073; end
-        8'h25: begin outa = 10'h2fd; end
-        8'h26: begin outa = 10'h2e0; end
-        8'h27: begin outa = 10'h337; end
-        8'h28: begin outa = 10'h2c7; end
-        8'h29: begin outa = 10'h19e; end
-        8'h2a: begin outa = 10'h107; end
-        8'h2b: begin outa = 10'h06a; end
-        8'h2c: begin outa = 10'h1c7; end
-        8'h2d: begin outa = 10'h107; end
-        8'h2e: begin outa = 10'h0cf; end
-        8'h2f: begin outa = 10'h009; end
-        8'h30: begin outa = 10'h09d; end
-        8'h31: begin outa = 10'h28e; end
-        8'h32: begin outa = 10'h010; end
-        8'h33: begin outa = 10'h1e0; end
-        8'h34: begin outa = 10'h079; end
-        8'h35: begin outa = 10'h13e; end
-        8'h36: begin outa = 10'h282; end
-        8'h37: begin outa = 10'h21c; end
-        8'h38: begin outa = 10'h148; end
-        8'h39: begin outa = 10'h3c0; end
-        8'h3a: begin outa = 10'h176; end
-        8'h3b: begin outa = 10'h3fc; end
-        8'h3c: begin outa = 10'h295; end
-        8'h3d: begin outa = 10'h113; end
-        8'h3e: begin outa = 10'h354; end
-        8'h3f: begin outa = 10'h0db; end
-        8'h40: begin outa = 10'h238; end
-        8'h41: begin outa = 10'h12b; end
-        8'h42: begin outa = 10'h1dc; end
-        8'h43: begin outa = 10'h137; end
-        8'h44: begin outa = 10'h1e2; end
-        8'h45: begin outa = 10'h3d5; end
-        8'h46: begin outa = 10'h30c; end
-        8'h47: begin outa = 10'h298; end
-        8'h48: begin outa = 10'h080; end
-        8'h49: begin outa = 10'h35a; end
-        8'h4a: begin outa = 10'h01b; end
-        8'h4b: begin outa = 10'h0a3; end
-        8'h4c: begin outa = 10'h0b3; end
-        8'h4d: begin outa = 10'h17a; end
-        8'h4e: begin outa = 10'h3ae; end
-        8'h4f: begin outa = 10'h078; end
-        8'h50: begin outa = 10'h322; end
-        8'h51: begin outa = 10'h213; end
-        8'h52: begin outa = 10'h11a; end
-        8'h53: begin outa = 10'h1a7; end
-        8'h54: begin outa = 10'h35a; end
-        8'h55: begin outa = 10'h233; end
-        8'h56: begin outa = 10'h01d; end
-        8'h57: begin outa = 10'h2d5; end
-        8'h58: begin outa = 10'h1a0; end
-        8'h59: begin outa = 10'h3d0; end
-        8'h5a: begin outa = 10'h181; end
-        8'h5b: begin outa = 10'h219; end
-        8'h5c: begin outa = 10'h26a; end
-        8'h5d: begin outa = 10'h050; end
-        8'h5e: begin outa = 10'h189; end
-        8'h5f: begin outa = 10'h1eb; end
-        8'h60: begin outa = 10'h224; end
-        8'h61: begin outa = 10'h2fe; end
-        8'h62: begin outa = 10'h0ae; end
-        8'h63: begin outa = 10'h1cd; end
-        8'h64: begin outa = 10'h273; end
-        8'h65: begin outa = 10'h268; end
-        8'h66: begin outa = 10'h111; end
-        8'h67: begin outa = 10'h1f9; end
-        8'h68: begin outa = 10'h232; end
-        8'h69: begin outa = 10'h255; end
-        8'h6a: begin outa = 10'h34c; end
-        8'h6b: begin outa = 10'h049; end
-        8'h6c: begin outa = 10'h197; end
-        8'h6d: begin outa = 10'h0fe; end
-        8'h6e: begin outa = 10'h253; end
-        8'h6f: begin outa = 10'h2de; end
-        8'h70: begin outa = 10'h13b; end
-        8'h71: begin outa = 10'h040; end
-        8'h72: begin outa = 10'h0b4; end
-        8'h73: begin outa = 10'h233; end
-        8'h74: begin outa = 10'h198; end
-        8'h75: begin outa = 10'h018; end
-        8'h76: begin outa = 10'h2f7; end
-        8'h77: begin outa = 10'h134; end
-        8'h78: begin outa = 10'h1ca; end
-        8'h79: begin outa = 10'h286; end
-        8'h7a: begin outa = 10'h0e6; end
-        8'h7b: begin outa = 10'h064; end
-        8'h7c: begin outa = 10'h257; end
-        8'h7d: begin outa = 10'h31a; end
-        8'h7e: begin outa = 10'h247; end
-        8'h7f: begin outa = 10'h299; end
-        8'h80: begin outa = 10'h02c; end
-        8'h81: begin outa = 10'h2bb; end
-        8'h82: begin outa = 10'h180; end
-        8'h83: begin outa = 10'h245; end
-        8'h84: begin outa = 10'h0da; end
-        8'h85: begin outa = 10'h367; end
-        8'h86: begin outa = 10'h304; end
-        8'h87: begin outa = 10'h38b; end
-        8'h88: begin outa = 10'h09f; end
-        8'h89: begin outa = 10'h1f0; end
-        8'h8a: begin outa = 10'h281; end
-        8'h8b: begin outa = 10'h019; end
-        8'h8c: begin outa = 10'h1f2; end
-        8'h8d: begin outa = 10'h0b1; end
-        8'h8e: begin outa = 10'h058; end
-        8'h8f: begin outa = 10'h39b; end
-        8'h90: begin outa = 10'h2ec; end
-        8'h91: begin outa = 10'h250; end
-        8'h92: begin outa = 10'h3f4; end
-        8'h93: begin outa = 10'h057; end
-        8'h94: begin outa = 10'h18f; end
-        8'h95: begin outa = 10'h105; end
-        8'h96: begin outa = 10'h1ae; end
-        8'h97: begin outa = 10'h04e; end
-        8'h98: begin outa = 10'h240; end
-        8'h99: begin outa = 10'h3e4; end
-        8'h9a: begin outa = 10'h3c6; end
-        8'h9b: begin outa = 10'h109; end
-        8'h9c: begin outa = 10'h073; end
-        8'h9d: begin outa = 10'h19f; end
-        8'h9e: begin outa = 10'h3b8; end
-        8'h9f: begin outa = 10'h00e; end
-        8'ha0: begin outa = 10'h1b3; end
-        8'ha1: begin outa = 10'h2bd; end
-        8'ha2: begin outa = 10'h324; end
-        8'ha3: begin outa = 10'h343; end
-        8'ha4: begin outa = 10'h1c9; end
-        8'ha5: begin outa = 10'h185; end
-        8'ha6: begin outa = 10'h37a; end
-        8'ha7: begin outa = 10'h0e0; end
-        8'ha8: begin outa = 10'h0a3; end
-        8'ha9: begin outa = 10'h019; end
-        8'haa: begin outa = 10'h099; end
-        8'hab: begin outa = 10'h376; end
-        8'hac: begin outa = 10'h077; end
-        8'had: begin outa = 10'h2b1; end
-        8'hae: begin outa = 10'h27f; end
-        8'haf: begin outa = 10'h265; end
-        8'hb0: begin outa = 10'h156; end
-        8'hb1: begin outa = 10'h1ce; end
-        8'hb2: begin outa = 10'h008; end
-        8'hb3: begin outa = 10'h12e; end
-        8'hb4: begin outa = 10'h199; end
-        8'hb5: begin outa = 10'h330; end
-        8'hb6: begin outa = 10'h1ab; end
-        8'hb7: begin outa = 10'h3bd; end
-        8'hb8: begin outa = 10'h0ca; end
-        8'hb9: begin outa = 10'h367; end
-        8'hba: begin outa = 10'h334; end
-        8'hbb: begin outa = 10'h040; end
-        8'hbc: begin outa = 10'h1a7; end
-        8'hbd: begin outa = 10'h036; end
-        8'hbe: begin outa = 10'h223; end
-        8'hbf: begin outa = 10'h075; end
-        8'hc0: begin outa = 10'h3c4; end
-        8'hc1: begin outa = 10'h2cc; end
-        8'hc2: begin outa = 10'h123; end
-        8'hc3: begin outa = 10'h3fd; end
-        8'hc4: begin outa = 10'h11e; end
-        8'hc5: begin outa = 10'h27c; end
-        8'hc6: begin outa = 10'h1e2; end
-        8'hc7: begin outa = 10'h377; end
-        8'hc8: begin outa = 10'h33a; end
-        8'hc9: begin outa = 10'h32d; end
-        8'hca: begin outa = 10'h014; end
-        8'hcb: begin outa = 10'h332; end
-        8'hcc: begin outa = 10'h359; end
-        8'hcd: begin outa = 10'h0a4; end
-        8'hce: begin outa = 10'h348; end
-        8'hcf: begin outa = 10'h04b; end
-        8'hd0: begin outa = 10'h147; end
-        8'hd1: begin outa = 10'h026; end
-        8'hd2: begin outa = 10'h103; end
-        8'hd3: begin outa = 10'h106; end
-        8'hd4: begin outa = 10'h35a; end
-        8'hd5: begin outa = 10'h254; end
-        8'hd6: begin outa = 10'h0cd; end
-        8'hd7: begin outa = 10'h17c; end
-        8'hd8: begin outa = 10'h37e; end
-        8'hd9: begin outa = 10'h0a9; end
-        8'hda: begin outa = 10'h0fe; end
-        8'hdb: begin outa = 10'h3c0; end
-        8'hdc: begin outa = 10'h1d9; end
-        8'hdd: begin outa = 10'h10e; end
-        8'hde: begin outa = 10'h394; end
-        8'hdf: begin outa = 10'h316; end
-        8'he0: begin outa = 10'h05b; end
-        8'he1: begin outa = 10'h126; end
-        8'he2: begin outa = 10'h369; end
-        8'he3: begin outa = 10'h291; end
-        8'he4: begin outa = 10'h2ca; end
-        8'he5: begin outa = 10'h25b; end
-        8'he6: begin outa = 10'h106; end
-        8'he7: begin outa = 10'h172; end
-        8'he8: begin outa = 10'h2f7; end
-        8'he9: begin outa = 10'h2d3; end
-        8'hea: begin outa = 10'h182; end
-        8'heb: begin outa = 10'h327; end
-        8'hec: begin outa = 10'h1d0; end
-        8'hed: begin outa = 10'h204; end
-        8'hee: begin outa = 10'h11f; end
-        8'hef: begin outa = 10'h365; end
-        8'hf0: begin outa = 10'h2c2; end
-        8'hf1: begin outa = 10'h2b5; end
-        8'hf2: begin outa = 10'h1f8; end
-        8'hf3: begin outa = 10'h2a7; end
-        8'hf4: begin outa = 10'h1be; end
-        8'hf5: begin outa = 10'h25e; end
-        8'hf6: begin outa = 10'h032; end
-        8'hf7: begin outa = 10'h2ef; end
-        8'hf8: begin outa = 10'h02f; end
-        8'hf9: begin outa = 10'h201; end
-        8'hfa: begin outa = 10'h054; end
-        8'hfb: begin outa = 10'h013; end
-        8'hfc: begin outa = 10'h249; end
-        8'hfd: begin outa = 10'h09a; end
-        8'hfe: begin outa = 10'h012; end
-        8'hff: begin outa = 10'h114; end
-      endcase
-   end
+      8'h01: outa = 10'h318;
+      8'h02: outa = 10'h29f;
+      8'h03: outa = 10'h392;
+      8'h04: outa = 10'h1ef;
+      8'h05: outa = 10'h06c;
+      8'h06: outa = 10'h29f;
+      8'h07: outa = 10'h29a;
+      8'h08: outa = 10'h3ce;
+      8'h09: outa = 10'h37c;
+      8'h0a: outa = 10'h058;
+      8'h0b: outa = 10'h3b2;
+      8'h0c: outa = 10'h36f;
+      8'h0d: outa = 10'h2c5;
+      8'h0e: outa = 10'h23a;
+      8'h0f: outa = 10'h222;
+      8'h10: outa = 10'h328;
+      8'h11: outa = 10'h3c3;
+      8'h12: outa = 10'h12c;
+      8'h13: outa = 10'h1d0;
+      8'h14: outa = 10'h3ff;
+      8'h15: outa = 10'h115;
+      8'h16: outa = 10'h3ba;
+      8'h17: outa = 10'h3ba;
+      8'h18: outa = 10'h10d;
+      8'h19: outa = 10'h13b;
+      8'h1a: outa = 10'h0a0;
+      8'h1b: outa = 10'h264;
+      8'h1c: outa = 10'h3a2;
+      8'h1d: outa = 10'h07c;
+      8'h1e: outa = 10'h291;
+      8'h1f: outa = 10'h1d1;
+      8'h20: outa = 10'h354;
+      8'h21: outa = 10'h0c0;
+      8'h22: outa = 10'h191;
+      8'h23: outa = 10'h379;
+      8'h24: outa = 10'h073;
+      8'h25: outa = 10'h2fd;
+      8'h26: outa = 10'h2e0;
+      8'h27: outa = 10'h337;
+      8'h28: outa = 10'h2c7;
+      8'h29: outa = 10'h19e;
+      8'h2a: outa = 10'h107;
+      8'h2b: outa = 10'h06a;
+      8'h2c: outa = 10'h1c7;
+      8'h2d: outa = 10'h107;
+      8'h2e: outa = 10'h0cf;
+      8'h2f: outa = 10'h009;
+      8'h30: outa = 10'h09d;
+      8'h31: outa = 10'h28e;
+      8'h32: outa = 10'h010;
+      8'h33: outa = 10'h1e0;
+      8'h34: outa = 10'h079;
+      8'h35: outa = 10'h13e;
+      8'h36: outa = 10'h282;
+      8'h37: outa = 10'h21c;
+      8'h38: outa = 10'h148;
+      8'h39: outa = 10'h3c0;
+      8'h3a: outa = 10'h176;
+      8'h3b: outa = 10'h3fc;
+      8'h3c: outa = 10'h295;
+      8'h3d: outa = 10'h113;
+      8'h3e: outa = 10'h354;
+      8'h3f: outa = 10'h0db;
+      8'h40: outa = 10'h238;
+      8'h41: outa = 10'h12b;
+      8'h42: outa = 10'h1dc;
+      8'h43: outa = 10'h137;
+      8'h44: outa = 10'h1e2;
+      8'h45: outa = 10'h3d5;
+      8'h46: outa = 10'h30c;
+      8'h47: outa = 10'h298;
+      8'h48: outa = 10'h080;
+      8'h49: outa = 10'h35a;
+      8'h4a: outa = 10'h01b;
+      8'h4b: outa = 10'h0a3;
+      8'h4c: outa = 10'h0b3;
+      8'h4d: outa = 10'h17a;
+      8'h4e: outa = 10'h3ae;
+      8'h4f: outa = 10'h078;
+      8'h50: outa = 10'h322;
+      8'h51: outa = 10'h213;
+      8'h52: outa = 10'h11a;
+      8'h53: outa = 10'h1a7;
+      8'h54: outa = 10'h35a;
+      8'h55: outa = 10'h233;
+      8'h56: outa = 10'h01d;
+      8'h57: outa = 10'h2d5;
+      8'h58: outa = 10'h1a0;
+      8'h59: outa = 10'h3d0;
+      8'h5a: outa = 10'h181;
+      8'h5b: outa = 10'h219;
+      8'h5c: outa = 10'h26a;
+      8'h5d: outa = 10'h050;
+      8'h5e: outa = 10'h189;
+      8'h5f: outa = 10'h1eb;
+      8'h60: outa = 10'h224;
+      8'h61: outa = 10'h2fe;
+      8'h62: outa = 10'h0ae;
+      8'h63: outa = 10'h1cd;
+      8'h64: outa = 10'h273;
+      8'h65: outa = 10'h268;
+      8'h66: outa = 10'h111;
+      8'h67: outa = 10'h1f9;
+      8'h68: outa = 10'h232;
+      8'h69: outa = 10'h255;
+      8'h6a: outa = 10'h34c;
+      8'h6b: outa = 10'h049;
+      8'h6c: outa = 10'h197;
+      8'h6d: outa = 10'h0fe;
+      8'h6e: outa = 10'h253;
+      8'h6f: outa = 10'h2de;
+      8'h70: outa = 10'h13b;
+      8'h71: outa = 10'h040;
+      8'h72: outa = 10'h0b4;
+      8'h73: outa = 10'h233;
+      8'h74: outa = 10'h198;
+      8'h75: outa = 10'h018;
+      8'h76: outa = 10'h2f7;
+      8'h77: outa = 10'h134;
+      8'h78: outa = 10'h1ca;
+      8'h79: outa = 10'h286;
+      8'h7a: outa = 10'h0e6;
+      8'h7b: outa = 10'h064;
+      8'h7c: outa = 10'h257;
+      8'h7d: outa = 10'h31a;
+      8'h7e: outa = 10'h247;
+      8'h7f: outa = 10'h299;
+      8'h80: outa = 10'h02c;
+      8'h81: outa = 10'h2bb;
+      8'h82: outa = 10'h180;
+      8'h83: outa = 10'h245;
+      8'h84: outa = 10'h0da;
+      8'h85: outa = 10'h367;
+      8'h86: outa = 10'h304;
+      8'h87: outa = 10'h38b;
+      8'h88: outa = 10'h09f;
+      8'h89: outa = 10'h1f0;
+      8'h8a: outa = 10'h281;
+      8'h8b: outa = 10'h019;
+      8'h8c: outa = 10'h1f2;
+      8'h8d: outa = 10'h0b1;
+      8'h8e: outa = 10'h058;
+      8'h8f: outa = 10'h39b;
+      8'h90: outa = 10'h2ec;
+      8'h91: outa = 10'h250;
+      8'h92: outa = 10'h3f4;
+      8'h93: outa = 10'h057;
+      8'h94: outa = 10'h18f;
+      8'h95: outa = 10'h105;
+      8'h96: outa = 10'h1ae;
+      8'h97: outa = 10'h04e;
+      8'h98: outa = 10'h240;
+      8'h99: outa = 10'h3e4;
+      8'h9a: outa = 10'h3c6;
+      8'h9b: outa = 10'h109;
+      8'h9c: outa = 10'h073;
+      8'h9d: outa = 10'h19f;
+      8'h9e: outa = 10'h3b8;
+      8'h9f: outa = 10'h00e;
+      8'ha0: outa = 10'h1b3;
+      8'ha1: outa = 10'h2bd;
+      8'ha2: outa = 10'h324;
+      8'ha3: outa = 10'h343;
+      8'ha4: outa = 10'h1c9;
+      8'ha5: outa = 10'h185;
+      8'ha6: outa = 10'h37a;
+      8'ha7: outa = 10'h0e0;
+      8'ha8: outa = 10'h0a3;
+      8'ha9: outa = 10'h019;
+      8'haa: outa = 10'h099;
+      8'hab: outa = 10'h376;
+      8'hac: outa = 10'h077;
+      8'had: outa = 10'h2b1;
+      8'hae: outa = 10'h27f;
+      8'haf: outa = 10'h265;
+      8'hb0: outa = 10'h156;
+      8'hb1: outa = 10'h1ce;
+      8'hb2: outa = 10'h008;
+      8'hb3: outa = 10'h12e;
+      8'hb4: outa = 10'h199;
+      8'hb5: outa = 10'h330;
+      8'hb6: outa = 10'h1ab;
+      8'hb7: outa = 10'h3bd;
+      8'hb8: outa = 10'h0ca;
+      8'hb9: outa = 10'h367;
+      8'hba: outa = 10'h334;
+      8'hbb: outa = 10'h040;
+      8'hbc: outa = 10'h1a7;
+      8'hbd: outa = 10'h036;
+      8'hbe: outa = 10'h223;
+      8'hbf: outa = 10'h075;
+      8'hc0: outa = 10'h3c4;
+      8'hc1: outa = 10'h2cc;
+      8'hc2: outa = 10'h123;
+      8'hc3: outa = 10'h3fd;
+      8'hc4: outa = 10'h11e;
+      8'hc5: outa = 10'h27c;
+      8'hc6: outa = 10'h1e2;
+      8'hc7: outa = 10'h377;
+      8'hc8: outa = 10'h33a;
+      8'hc9: outa = 10'h32d;
+      8'hca: outa = 10'h014;
+      8'hcb: outa = 10'h332;
+      8'hcc: outa = 10'h359;
+      8'hcd: outa = 10'h0a4;
+      8'hce: outa = 10'h348;
+      8'hcf: outa = 10'h04b;
+      8'hd0: outa = 10'h147;
+      8'hd1: outa = 10'h026;
+      8'hd2: outa = 10'h103;
+      8'hd3: outa = 10'h106;
+      8'hd4: outa = 10'h35a;
+      8'hd5: outa = 10'h254;
+      8'hd6: outa = 10'h0cd;
+      8'hd7: outa = 10'h17c;
+      8'hd8: outa = 10'h37e;
+      8'hd9: outa = 10'h0a9;
+      8'hda: outa = 10'h0fe;
+      8'hdb: outa = 10'h3c0;
+      8'hdc: outa = 10'h1d9;
+      8'hdd: outa = 10'h10e;
+      8'hde: outa = 10'h394;
+      8'hdf: outa = 10'h316;
+      8'he0: outa = 10'h05b;
+      8'he1: outa = 10'h126;
+      8'he2: outa = 10'h369;
+      8'he3: outa = 10'h291;
+      8'he4: outa = 10'h2ca;
+      8'he5: outa = 10'h25b;
+      8'he6: outa = 10'h106;
+      8'he7: outa = 10'h172;
+      8'he8: outa = 10'h2f7;
+      8'he9: outa = 10'h2d3;
+      8'hea: outa = 10'h182;
+      8'heb: outa = 10'h327;
+      8'hec: outa = 10'h1d0;
+      8'hed: outa = 10'h204;
+      8'hee: outa = 10'h11f;
+      8'hef: outa = 10'h365;
+      8'hf0: outa = 10'h2c2;
+      8'hf1: outa = 10'h2b5;
+      8'hf2: outa = 10'h1f8;
+      8'hf3: outa = 10'h2a7;
+      8'hf4: outa = 10'h1be;
+      8'hf5: outa = 10'h25e;
+      8'hf6: outa = 10'h032;
+      8'hf7: outa = 10'h2ef;
+      8'hf8: outa = 10'h02f;
+      8'hf9: outa = 10'h201;
+      8'hfa: outa = 10'h054;
+      8'hfb: outa = 10'h013;
+      8'hfc: outa = 10'h249;
+      8'hfd: outa = 10'h09a;
+      8'hfe: outa = 10'h012;
+      8'hff: outa = 10'h114;
+    endcase
+  end
 endmodule

test_regress/t/t_case_huge_sub3.v

@@ -5,289 +5,285 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
 
 module t_case_huge_sub3 (/*AUTOARG*/
-   // Outputs
-   outr,
-   // Inputs
-   clk, index
-   );
+  // Outputs
+  outr,
+  // Inputs
+  clk, index
+  );
 
-   input clk;
-   input [9:0] index;
-   output [3:0] outr;
+  input clk;
+  input [9:0] index;
+  output logic [3:0] outr;
 
-   // =============================
-   /*AUTOREG*/
-   // Beginning of automatic regs (for this module's undeclared outputs)
-   reg [3:0]            outr;
-   // End of automatics
+  // =============================
+  // Created from Pthon3:
+  // for i in range(256):
+  //    print("      8'h%02x: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h%01x; end"
+  //        % (i, random.randint(0,15)))
 
-   // =============================
-   // Created from Pthon3:
-   // for i in range(256):
-   //     print("        8'h%02x: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h%01x; end"
-   //           % (i, random.randint(0,15)))
+  // Reset cheating
+  initial outr = 4'b0;
 
-   // Reset cheating
-   initial outr = 4'b0;
-
-   always @(posedge clk) begin
-      case (index[7:0])
-        8'h00: begin outr <= 4'h0; end
-        8'h01: begin /*No Change*/ end
-        8'h02: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'ha; end
-        8'h03: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h4; end
-        8'h04: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hd; end
-        8'h05: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h1; end
-        8'h06: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hf; end
-        8'h07: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'he; end
-        8'h08: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h0; end
-        8'h09: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h4; end
-        8'h0a: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h5; end
-        8'h0b: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'ha; end
-        8'h0c: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h2; end
-        8'h0d: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hf; end
-        8'h0e: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h5; end
-        8'h0f: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h0; end
-        8'h10: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h3; end
-        8'h11: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hb; end
-        8'h12: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h0; end
-        8'h13: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hf; end
-        8'h14: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h3; end
-        8'h15: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h5; end
-        8'h16: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h7; end
-        8'h17: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h2; end
-        8'h18: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h3; end
-        8'h19: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hb; end
-        8'h1a: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h5; end
-        8'h1b: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h4; end
-        8'h1c: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h2; end
-        8'h1d: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hf; end
-        8'h1e: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h0; end
-        8'h1f: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h4; end
-        8'h20: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h6; end
-        8'h21: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'ha; end
-        8'h22: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h6; end
-        8'h23: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hb; end
-        8'h24: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'ha; end
-        8'h25: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'he; end
-        8'h26: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h7; end
-        8'h27: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'ha; end
-        8'h28: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h3; end
-        8'h29: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h8; end
-        8'h2a: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h1; end
-        8'h2b: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h8; end
-        8'h2c: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h4; end
-        8'h2d: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h4; end
-        8'h2e: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'he; end
-        8'h2f: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h8; end
-        8'h30: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'ha; end
-        8'h31: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h7; end
-        8'h32: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h0; end
-        8'h33: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h3; end
-        8'h34: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h1; end
-        8'h35: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h3; end
-        8'h36: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h4; end
-        8'h37: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h6; end
-        8'h38: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h4; end
-        8'h39: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hb; end
-        8'h3a: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h7; end
-        8'h3b: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h1; end
-        8'h3c: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h2; end
-        8'h3d: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h0; end
-        8'h3e: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h2; end
-        8'h3f: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'ha; end
-        8'h40: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h7; end
-        8'h41: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h5; end
-        8'h42: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h5; end
-        8'h43: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h4; end
-        8'h44: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h8; end
-        8'h45: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h5; end
-        8'h46: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hf; end
-        8'h47: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h6; end
-        8'h48: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h7; end
-        8'h49: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h4; end
-        8'h4a: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'ha; end
-        8'h4b: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hd; end
-        8'h4c: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hb; end
-        8'h4d: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hf; end
-        8'h4e: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hd; end
-        8'h4f: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h7; end
-        8'h50: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h9; end
-        8'h51: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'ha; end
-        8'h52: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hf; end
-        8'h53: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h3; end
-        8'h54: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h1; end
-        8'h55: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h0; end
-        8'h56: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h2; end
-        8'h57: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h9; end
-        8'h58: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h2; end
-        8'h59: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h4; end
-        8'h5a: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hc; end
-        8'h5b: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hd; end
-        8'h5c: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h3; end
-        8'h5d: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hb; end
-        8'h5e: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hd; end
-        8'h5f: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h7; end
-        8'h60: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h7; end
-        8'h61: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h3; end
-        8'h62: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h3; end
-        8'h63: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hb; end
-        8'h64: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h9; end
-        8'h65: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h4; end
-        8'h66: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h3; end
-        8'h67: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h6; end
-        8'h68: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h7; end
-        8'h69: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h7; end
-        8'h6a: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hf; end
-        8'h6b: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h6; end
-        8'h6c: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h8; end
-        8'h6d: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'he; end
-        8'h6e: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h4; end
-        8'h6f: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h6; end
-        8'h70: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hc; end
-        8'h71: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h9; end
-        8'h72: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h5; end
-        8'h73: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'ha; end
-        8'h74: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h7; end
-        8'h75: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h0; end
-        8'h76: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h1; end
-        8'h77: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'he; end
-        8'h78: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'ha; end
-        8'h79: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h7; end
-        8'h7a: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hf; end
-        8'h7b: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'he; end
-        8'h7c: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h6; end
-        8'h7d: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hc; end
-        8'h7e: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hc; end
-        8'h7f: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h0; end
-        8'h80: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h0; end
-        8'h81: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hd; end
-        8'h82: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hb; end
-        8'h83: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hc; end
-        8'h84: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h2; end
-        8'h85: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h8; end
-        8'h86: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h3; end
-        8'h87: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'ha; end
-        8'h88: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'he; end
-        8'h89: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h9; end
-        8'h8a: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h1; end
-        8'h8b: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h1; end
-        8'h8c: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hc; end
-        8'h8d: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h2; end
-        8'h8e: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h2; end
-        8'h8f: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hd; end
-        8'h90: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h0; end
-        8'h91: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h6; end
-        8'h92: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h7; end
-        8'h93: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hc; end
-        8'h94: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hb; end
-        8'h95: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h3; end
-        8'h96: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h0; end
-        8'h97: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hc; end
-        8'h98: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hc; end
-        8'h99: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hb; end
-        8'h9a: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h6; end
-        8'h9b: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h5; end
-        8'h9c: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h5; end
-        8'h9d: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h4; end
-        8'h9e: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h7; end
-        8'h9f: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'he; end
-        8'ha0: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hc; end
-        8'ha1: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hc; end
-        8'ha2: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h0; end
-        8'ha3: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h1; end
-        8'ha4: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hd; end
-        8'ha5: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h3; end
-        8'ha6: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hc; end
-        8'ha7: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h2; end
-        8'ha8: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h3; end
-        8'ha9: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hd; end
-        8'haa: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h5; end
-        8'hab: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hb; end
-        8'hac: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'he; end
-        8'had: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h0; end
-        8'hae: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hf; end
-        8'haf: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h9; end
-        8'hb0: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hf; end
-        8'hb1: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h7; end
-        8'hb2: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h9; end
-        8'hb3: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hf; end
-        8'hb4: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'he; end
-        8'hb5: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h3; end
-        8'hb6: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'he; end
-        8'hb7: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h8; end
-        8'hb8: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hf; end
-        8'hb9: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hd; end
-        8'hba: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h3; end
-        8'hbb: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h5; end
-        8'hbc: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hd; end
-        8'hbd: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'ha; end
-        8'hbe: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h7; end
-        8'hbf: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'he; end
-        8'hc0: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h2; end
-        8'hc1: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'he; end
-        8'hc2: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h9; end
-        8'hc3: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hb; end
-        8'hc4: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h0; end
-        8'hc5: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h5; end
-        8'hc6: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h9; end
-        8'hc7: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h6; end
-        8'hc8: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'ha; end
-        8'hc9: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hf; end
-        8'hca: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h3; end
-        8'hcb: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hb; end
-        8'hcc: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'he; end
-        8'hcd: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h2; end
-        8'hce: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h5; end
-        8'hcf: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hf; end
-        8'hd0: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h2; end
-        8'hd1: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h9; end
-        8'hd2: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hb; end
-        8'hd3: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h8; end
-        8'hd4: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h0; end
-        8'hd5: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h2; end
-        8'hd6: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hb; end
-        8'hd7: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h2; end
-        8'hd8: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'ha; end
-        8'hd9: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hf; end
-        8'hda: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h8; end
-        8'hdb: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h4; end
-        8'hdc: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'he; end
-        8'hdd: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h6; end
-        8'hde: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h9; end
-        8'hdf: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h9; end
-        8'he0: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h7; end
-        8'he1: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h0; end
-        8'he2: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h9; end
-        8'he3: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h3; end
-        8'he4: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h2; end
-        8'he5: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h4; end
-        8'he6: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h5; end
-        8'he7: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h5; end
-        8'he8: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hf; end
-        8'he9: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'ha; end
-        8'hea: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hc; end
-        8'heb: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hd; end
-        8'hec: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h1; end
-        8'hed: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h5; end
-        8'hee: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h9; end
-        8'hef: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h0; end
-        8'hf0: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hd; end
-        8'hf1: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hf; end
-        8'hf2: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h4; end
-        8'hf3: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'ha; end
-        8'hf4: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h8; end
-        8'hf5: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'he; end
-        8'hf6: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'he; end
-        8'hf7: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h1; end
-        8'hf8: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h6; end
-        8'hf9: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h0; end
-        8'hfa: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h5; end
-        8'hfb: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h1; end
-        8'hfc: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h8; end
-        8'hfd: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h6; end
-        8'hfe: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h1; end
-        default: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h6; end
-      endcase
-   end
+  always @(posedge clk) begin
+    // verilog_format: off
+    case (index[7:0])
+      8'h00: begin outr <= 4'h0; end
+      8'h01: begin /*No Change*/ end
+      8'h02: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'ha; end
+      8'h03: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h4; end
+      8'h04: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hd; end
+      8'h05: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h1; end
+      8'h06: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hf; end
+      8'h07: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'he; end
+      8'h08: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h0; end
+      8'h09: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h4; end
+      8'h0a: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h5; end
+      8'h0b: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'ha; end
+      8'h0c: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h2; end
+      8'h0d: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hf; end
+      8'h0e: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h5; end
+      8'h0f: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h0; end
+      8'h10: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h3; end
+      8'h11: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hb; end
+      8'h12: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h0; end
+      8'h13: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hf; end
+      8'h14: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h3; end
+      8'h15: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h5; end
+      8'h16: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h7; end
+      8'h17: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h2; end
+      8'h18: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h3; end
+      8'h19: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hb; end
+      8'h1a: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h5; end
+      8'h1b: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h4; end
+      8'h1c: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h2; end
+      8'h1d: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hf; end
+      8'h1e: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h0; end
+      8'h1f: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h4; end
+      8'h20: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h6; end
+      8'h21: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'ha; end
+      8'h22: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h6; end
+      8'h23: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hb; end
+      8'h24: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'ha; end
+      8'h25: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'he; end
+      8'h26: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h7; end
+      8'h27: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'ha; end
+      8'h28: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h3; end
+      8'h29: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h8; end
+      8'h2a: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h1; end
+      8'h2b: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h8; end
+      8'h2c: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h4; end
+      8'h2d: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h4; end
+      8'h2e: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'he; end
+      8'h2f: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h8; end
+      8'h30: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'ha; end
+      8'h31: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h7; end
+      8'h32: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h0; end
+      8'h33: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h3; end
+      8'h34: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h1; end
+      8'h35: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h3; end
+      8'h36: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h4; end
+      8'h37: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h6; end
+      8'h38: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h4; end
+      8'h39: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hb; end
+      8'h3a: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h7; end
+      8'h3b: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h1; end
+      8'h3c: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h2; end
+      8'h3d: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h0; end
+      8'h3e: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h2; end
+      8'h3f: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'ha; end
+      8'h40: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h7; end
+      8'h41: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h5; end
+      8'h42: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h5; end
+      8'h43: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h4; end
+      8'h44: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h8; end
+      8'h45: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h5; end
+      8'h46: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hf; end
+      8'h47: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h6; end
+      8'h48: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h7; end
+      8'h49: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h4; end
+      8'h4a: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'ha; end
+      8'h4b: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hd; end
+      8'h4c: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hb; end
+      8'h4d: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hf; end
+      8'h4e: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hd; end
+      8'h4f: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h7; end
+      8'h50: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h9; end
+      8'h51: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'ha; end
+      8'h52: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hf; end
+      8'h53: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h3; end
+      8'h54: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h1; end
+      8'h55: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h0; end
+      8'h56: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h2; end
+      8'h57: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h9; end
+      8'h58: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h2; end
+      8'h59: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h4; end
+      8'h5a: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hc; end
+      8'h5b: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hd; end
+      8'h5c: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h3; end
+      8'h5d: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hb; end
+      8'h5e: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hd; end
+      8'h5f: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h7; end
+      8'h60: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h7; end
+      8'h61: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h3; end
+      8'h62: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h3; end
+      8'h63: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hb; end
+      8'h64: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h9; end
+      8'h65: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h4; end
+      8'h66: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h3; end
+      8'h67: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h6; end
+      8'h68: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h7; end
+      8'h69: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h7; end
+      8'h6a: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hf; end
+      8'h6b: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h6; end
+      8'h6c: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h8; end
+      8'h6d: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'he; end
+      8'h6e: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h4; end
+      8'h6f: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h6; end
+      8'h70: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hc; end
+      8'h71: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h9; end
+      8'h72: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h5; end
+      8'h73: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'ha; end
+      8'h74: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h7; end
+      8'h75: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h0; end
+      8'h76: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h1; end
+      8'h77: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'he; end
+      8'h78: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'ha; end
+      8'h79: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h7; end
+      8'h7a: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hf; end
+      8'h7b: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'he; end
+      8'h7c: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h6; end
+      8'h7d: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hc; end
+      8'h7e: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hc; end
+      8'h7f: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h0; end
+      8'h80: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h0; end
+      8'h81: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hd; end
+      8'h82: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hb; end
+      8'h83: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hc; end
+      8'h84: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h2; end
+      8'h85: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h8; end
+      8'h86: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h3; end
+      8'h87: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'ha; end
+      8'h88: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'he; end
+      8'h89: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h9; end
+      8'h8a: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h1; end
+      8'h8b: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h1; end
+      8'h8c: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hc; end
+      8'h8d: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h2; end
+      8'h8e: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h2; end
+      8'h8f: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hd; end
+      8'h90: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h0; end
+      8'h91: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h6; end
+      8'h92: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h7; end
+      8'h93: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hc; end
+      8'h94: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hb; end
+      8'h95: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h3; end
+      8'h96: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h0; end
+      8'h97: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hc; end
+      8'h98: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hc; end
+      8'h99: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hb; end
+      8'h9a: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h6; end
+      8'h9b: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h5; end
+      8'h9c: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h5; end
+      8'h9d: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h4; end
+      8'h9e: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h7; end
+      8'h9f: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'he; end
+      8'ha0: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hc; end
+      8'ha1: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hc; end
+      8'ha2: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h0; end
+      8'ha3: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h1; end
+      8'ha4: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hd; end
+      8'ha5: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h3; end
+      8'ha6: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hc; end
+      8'ha7: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h2; end
+      8'ha8: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h3; end
+      8'ha9: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hd; end
+      8'haa: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h5; end
+      8'hab: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hb; end
+      8'hac: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'he; end
+      8'had: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h0; end
+      8'hae: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hf; end
+      8'haf: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h9; end
+      8'hb0: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hf; end
+      8'hb1: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h7; end
+      8'hb2: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h9; end
+      8'hb3: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hf; end
+      8'hb4: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'he; end
+      8'hb5: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h3; end
+      8'hb6: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'he; end
+      8'hb7: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h8; end
+      8'hb8: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hf; end
+      8'hb9: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hd; end
+      8'hba: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h3; end
+      8'hbb: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h5; end
+      8'hbc: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hd; end
+      8'hbd: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'ha; end
+      8'hbe: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h7; end
+      8'hbf: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'he; end
+      8'hc0: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h2; end
+      8'hc1: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'he; end
+      8'hc2: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h9; end
+      8'hc3: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hb; end
+      8'hc4: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h0; end
+      8'hc5: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h5; end
+      8'hc6: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h9; end
+      8'hc7: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h6; end
+      8'hc8: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'ha; end
+      8'hc9: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hf; end
+      8'hca: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h3; end
+      8'hcb: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hb; end
+      8'hcc: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'he; end
+      8'hcd: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h2; end
+      8'hce: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h5; end
+      8'hcf: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hf; end
+      8'hd0: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h2; end
+      8'hd1: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h9; end
+      8'hd2: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hb; end
+      8'hd3: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h8; end
+      8'hd4: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h0; end
+      8'hd5: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h2; end
+      8'hd6: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hb; end
+      8'hd7: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h2; end
+      8'hd8: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'ha; end
+      8'hd9: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hf; end
+      8'hda: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h8; end
+      8'hdb: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h4; end
+      8'hdc: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'he; end
+      8'hdd: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h6; end
+      8'hde: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h9; end
+      8'hdf: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h9; end
+      8'he0: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h7; end
+      8'he1: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h0; end
+      8'he2: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h9; end
+      8'he3: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h3; end
+      8'he4: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h2; end
+      8'he5: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h4; end
+      8'he6: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h5; end
+      8'he7: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h5; end
+      8'he8: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hf; end
+      8'he9: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'ha; end
+      8'hea: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hc; end
+      8'heb: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hd; end
+      8'hec: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h1; end
+      8'hed: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h5; end
+      8'hee: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h9; end
+      8'hef: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h0; end
+      8'hf0: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hd; end
+      8'hf1: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'hf; end
+      8'hf2: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h4; end
+      8'hf3: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'ha; end
+      8'hf4: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h8; end
+      8'hf5: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'he; end
+      8'hf6: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'he; end
+      8'hf7: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h1; end
+      8'hf8: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h6; end
+      8'hf9: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h0; end
+      8'hfa: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h5; end
+      8'hfb: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h1; end
+      8'hfc: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h8; end
+      8'hfd: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h6; end
+      8'hfe: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h1; end
+      default: begin outr <= outr^index[8:5]^4'h6; end
+    endcase
+    // verilog_format: on
+  end
 endmodule

test_regress/t/t_case_huge_sub4.v

@@ -7,59 +7,56 @@
 // verilator lint_off LATCH
 
 module t_case_huge_sub4 (/*AUTOARG*/
-   // Outputs
-   outq,
-   // Inputs
-   index
-   );
+  // Outputs
+  outq,
+  // Inputs
+  index
+  );
 
-   input [7:0] index;
-   output [9:0] outq;
+  input [7:0] index;
+  output logic [9:0] outq;
 
-   // =============================
-   /*AUTOREG*/
-   // Beginning of automatic regs (for this module's undeclared outputs)
-   reg [9:0]            outq;
-   // End of automatics
+  // =============================
 
-   // =============================
-   always @(/*AS*/index) begin
-      case (index)
-        // default below: no change
-        8'h00: begin outq = 10'h001; end
-        8'he0: begin outq = 10'h05b; end
-        8'he1: begin outq = 10'h126; end
-        8'he2: begin outq = 10'h369; end
-        8'he3: begin outq = 10'h291; end
-        8'he4: begin outq = 10'h2ca; end
-        8'he5: begin outq = 10'h25b; end
-        8'he6: begin outq = 10'h106; end
-        8'he7: begin outq = 10'h172; end
-        8'he8: begin outq = 10'h2f7; end
-        8'he9: begin outq = 10'h2d3; end
-        8'hea: begin outq = 10'h182; end
-        8'heb: begin outq = 10'h327; end
-        8'hec: begin outq = 10'h1d0; end
-        8'hed: begin outq = 10'h204; end
-        8'hee: begin outq = 10'h11f; end
-        8'hef: begin outq = 10'h365; end
-        8'hf0: begin outq = 10'h2c2; end
-        8'hf1: begin outq = 10'h2b5; end
-        8'hf2: begin outq = 10'h1f8; end
-        8'hf3: begin outq = 10'h2a7; end
-        8'hf4: begin outq = 10'h1be; end
-        8'hf5: begin outq = 10'h25e; end
-        8'hf6: begin outq = 10'h032; end
-        8'hf7: begin outq = 10'h2ef; end
-        8'hf8: begin outq = 10'h02f; end
-        8'hf9: begin outq = 10'h201; end
-        8'hfa: begin outq = 10'h054; end
-        8'hfb: begin outq = 10'h013; end
-        8'hfc: begin outq = 10'h249; end
-        8'hfd: begin outq = 10'h09a; end
-        8'hfe: begin outq = 10'h012; end
-        8'hff: begin outq = 10'h114; end
-        default: ; // No change
-      endcase
-   end
+  always @* begin
+    // verilog_format: off
+    case (index)
+      // default below: no change
+      8'h00: begin outq = 10'h001; end
+      8'he0: begin outq = 10'h05b; end
+      8'he1: begin outq = 10'h126; end
+      8'he2: begin outq = 10'h369; end
+      8'he3: begin outq = 10'h291; end
+      8'he4: begin outq = 10'h2ca; end
+      8'he5: begin outq = 10'h25b; end
+      8'he6: begin outq = 10'h106; end
+      8'he7: begin outq = 10'h172; end
+      8'he8: begin outq = 10'h2f7; end
+      8'he9: begin outq = 10'h2d3; end
+      8'hea: begin outq = 10'h182; end
+      8'heb: begin outq = 10'h327; end
+      8'hec: begin outq = 10'h1d0; end
+      8'hed: begin outq = 10'h204; end
+      8'hee: begin outq = 10'h11f; end
+      8'hef: begin outq = 10'h365; end
+      8'hf0: begin outq = 10'h2c2; end
+      8'hf1: begin outq = 10'h2b5; end
+      8'hf2: begin outq = 10'h1f8; end
+      8'hf3: begin outq = 10'h2a7; end
+      8'hf4: begin outq = 10'h1be; end
+      8'hf5: begin outq = 10'h25e; end
+      8'hf6: begin outq = 10'h032; end
+      8'hf7: begin outq = 10'h2ef; end
+      8'hf8: begin outq = 10'h02f; end
+      8'hf9: begin outq = 10'h201; end
+      8'hfa: begin outq = 10'h054; end
+      8'hfb: begin outq = 10'h013; end
+      8'hfc: begin outq = 10'h249; end
+      8'hfd: begin outq = 10'h09a; end
+      8'hfe: begin outq = 10'h012; end
+      8'hff: begin outq = 10'h114; end
+      default: ; // No change
+    endcase
+    // verilog_format: on
+  end
 endmodule

test_regress/t/t_case_unique_many.v

@@ -4,326 +4,326 @@
 // any use, without warranty, 2024 by Varun Koyyalagunta, Tenstorrent.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
 
-module t (/*AUTOARG*/);
+module t;
 
-    localparam W = 23;
+  localparam W = 23;
 
-    localparam [W-1:0] R0 = W'('h200000 + 0);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R1 = W'('h200000 + 1);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R2 = W'('h200000 + 2);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R3 = W'('h200000 + 3);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R4 = W'('h200000 + 4);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R5 = W'('h200000 + 5);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R6 = W'('h200000 + 6);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R7 = W'('h200000 + 7);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R8 = W'('h200000 + 8);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R9 = W'('h200000 + 9);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R10 = W'('h200000 + 10);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R11 = W'('h200000 + 11);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R12 = W'('h200000 + 12);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R13 = W'('h200000 + 13);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R14 = W'('h200000 + 14);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R15 = W'('h200000 + 15);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R16 = W'('h200000 + 16);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R17 = W'('h200000 + 17);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R18 = W'('h200000 + 18);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R19 = W'('h200000 + 19);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R20 = W'('h200000 + 20);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R21 = W'('h200000 + 21);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R22 = W'('h200000 + 22);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R23 = W'('h200000 + 23);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R24 = W'('h200000 + 24);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R25 = W'('h200000 + 25);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R26 = W'('h200000 + 26);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R27 = W'('h200000 + 27);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R28 = W'('h200000 + 28);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R29 = W'('h200000 + 29);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R30 = W'('h200000 + 30);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R31 = W'('h200000 + 31);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R32 = W'('h200000 + 32);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R33 = W'('h200000 + 33);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R34 = W'('h200000 + 34);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R35 = W'('h200000 + 35);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R36 = W'('h200000 + 36);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R37 = W'('h200000 + 37);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R38 = W'('h200000 + 38);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R39 = W'('h200000 + 39);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R40 = W'('h200000 + 40);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R41 = W'('h200000 + 41);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R42 = W'('h200000 + 42);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R43 = W'('h200000 + 43);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R44 = W'('h200000 + 44);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R45 = W'('h200000 + 45);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R46 = W'('h200000 + 46);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R47 = W'('h200000 + 47);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R48 = W'('h200000 + 48);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R49 = W'('h200000 + 49);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R50 = W'('h200000 + 50);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R51 = W'('h200000 + 51);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R52 = W'('h200000 + 52);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R53 = W'('h200000 + 53);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R54 = W'('h200000 + 54);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R55 = W'('h200000 + 55);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R56 = W'('h200000 + 56);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R57 = W'('h200000 + 57);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R58 = W'('h200000 + 58);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R59 = W'('h200000 + 59);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R60 = W'('h200000 + 60);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R61 = W'('h200000 + 61);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R62 = W'('h200000 + 62);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R63 = W'('h200000 + 63);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R64 = W'('h200000 + 64);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R65 = W'('h200000 + 65);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R66 = W'('h200000 + 66);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R67 = W'('h200000 + 67);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R68 = W'('h200000 + 68);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R69 = W'('h200000 + 69);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R70 = W'('h200000 + 70);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R71 = W'('h200000 + 71);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R72 = W'('h200000 + 72);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R73 = W'('h200000 + 73);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R74 = W'('h200000 + 74);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R75 = W'('h200000 + 75);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R76 = W'('h200000 + 76);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R77 = W'('h200000 + 77);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R78 = W'('h200000 + 78);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R79 = W'('h200000 + 79);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R80 = W'('h200000 + 80);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R81 = W'('h200000 + 81);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R82 = W'('h200000 + 82);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R83 = W'('h200000 + 83);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R84 = W'('h200000 + 84);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R85 = W'('h200000 + 85);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R86 = W'('h200000 + 86);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R87 = W'('h200000 + 87);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R88 = W'('h200000 + 88);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R89 = W'('h200000 + 89);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R90 = W'('h200000 + 90);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R91 = W'('h200000 + 91);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R92 = W'('h200000 + 92);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R93 = W'('h200000 + 93);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R94 = W'('h200000 + 94);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R95 = W'('h200000 + 95);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R96 = W'('h200000 + 96);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R97 = W'('h200000 + 97);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R98 = W'('h200000 + 98);
-    localparam [W-1:0] R99 = W'('h200000 + 99);
-    typedef struct packed {
-        logic  r0;
-        logic  r1;
-        logic  r2;
-        logic  r3;
-        logic  r4;
-        logic  r5;
-        logic  r6;
-        logic  r7;
-        logic  r8;
-        logic  r9;
-        logic  r10;
-        logic  r11;
-        logic  r12;
-        logic  r13;
-        logic  r14;
-        logic  r15;
-        logic  r16;
-        logic  r17;
-        logic  r18;
-        logic  r19;
-        logic  r20;
-        logic  r21;
-        logic  r22;
-        logic  r23;
-        logic  r24;
-        logic  r25;
-        logic  r26;
-        logic  r27;
-        logic  r28;
-        logic  r29;
-        logic  r30;
-        logic  r31;
-        logic  r32;
-        logic  r33;
-        logic  r34;
-        logic  r35;
-        logic  r36;
-        logic  r37;
-        logic  r38;
-        logic  r39;
-        logic  r40;
-        logic  r41;
-        logic  r42;
-        logic  r43;
-        logic  r44;
-        logic  r45;
-        logic  r46;
-        logic  r47;
-        logic  r48;
-        logic  r49;
-        logic  r50;
-        logic  r51;
-        logic  r52;
-        logic  r53;
-        logic  r54;
-        logic  r55;
-        logic  r56;
-        logic  r57;
-        logic  r58;
-        logic  r59;
-        logic  r60;
-        logic  r61;
-        logic  r62;
-        logic  r63;
-        logic  r64;
-        logic  r65;
-        logic  r66;
-        logic  r67;
-        logic  r68;
-        logic  r69;
-        logic  r70;
-        logic  r71;
-        logic  r72;
-        logic  r73;
-        logic  r74;
-        logic  r75;
-        logic  r76;
-        logic  r77;
-        logic  r78;
-        logic  r79;
-        logic  r80;
-        logic  r81;
-        logic  r82;
-        logic  r83;
-        logic  r84;
-        logic  r85;
-        logic  r86;
-        logic  r87;
-        logic  r88;
-        logic  r89;
-        logic  r90;
-        logic  r91;
-        logic  r92;
-        logic  r93;
-        logic  r94;
-        logic  r95;
-        logic  r96;
-        logic  r97;
-        logic  r98;
-        logic  r99;
-    } hit_t;
-    function automatic hit_t get_hit(input logic [22:0] a);
-        hit_t hit = '0;
-        unique case (a)
-            R0 : begin hit.r0 = 1'b1; end
-            R1 : begin hit.r1 = 1'b1; end
-            R2 : begin hit.r2 = 1'b1; end
-            R3 : begin hit.r3 = 1'b1; end
-            R4 : begin hit.r4 = 1'b1; end
-            R5 : begin hit.r5 = 1'b1; end
-            R6 : begin hit.r6 = 1'b1; end
-            R7 : begin hit.r7 = 1'b1; end
-            R8 : begin hit.r8 = 1'b1; end
-            R9 : begin hit.r9 = 1'b1; end
-            R10 : begin hit.r10 = 1'b1; end
-            R11 : begin hit.r11 = 1'b1; end
-            R12 : begin hit.r12 = 1'b1; end
-            R13 : begin hit.r13 = 1'b1; end
-            R14 : begin hit.r14 = 1'b1; end
-            R15 : begin hit.r15 = 1'b1; end
-            R16 : begin hit.r16 = 1'b1; end
-            R17 : begin hit.r17 = 1'b1; end
-            R18 : begin hit.r18 = 1'b1; end
-            R19 : begin hit.r19 = 1'b1; end
-            R20 : begin hit.r20 = 1'b1; end
-            R21 : begin hit.r21 = 1'b1; end
-            R22 : begin hit.r22 = 1'b1; end
-            R23 : begin hit.r23 = 1'b1; end
-            R24 : begin hit.r24 = 1'b1; end
-            R25 : begin hit.r25 = 1'b1; end
-            R26 : begin hit.r26 = 1'b1; end
-            R27 : begin hit.r27 = 1'b1; end
-            R28 : begin hit.r28 = 1'b1; end
-            R29 : begin hit.r29 = 1'b1; end
-            R30 : begin hit.r30 = 1'b1; end
-            R31 : begin hit.r31 = 1'b1; end
-            R32 : begin hit.r32 = 1'b1; end
-            R33 : begin hit.r33 = 1'b1; end
-            R34 : begin hit.r34 = 1'b1; end
-            R35 : begin hit.r35 = 1'b1; end
-            R36 : begin hit.r36 = 1'b1; end
-            R37 : begin hit.r37 = 1'b1; end
-            R38 : begin hit.r38 = 1'b1; end
-            R39 : begin hit.r39 = 1'b1; end
-            R40 : begin hit.r40 = 1'b1; end
-            R41 : begin hit.r41 = 1'b1; end
-            R42 : begin hit.r42 = 1'b1; end
-            R43 : begin hit.r43 = 1'b1; end
-            R44 : begin hit.r44 = 1'b1; end
-            R45 : begin hit.r45 = 1'b1; end
-            R46 : begin hit.r46 = 1'b1; end
-            R47 : begin hit.r47 = 1'b1; end
-            R48 : begin hit.r48 = 1'b1; end
-            R49 : begin hit.r49 = 1'b1; end
-            R50 : begin hit.r50 = 1'b1; end
-            R51 : begin hit.r51 = 1'b1; end
-            R52 : begin hit.r52 = 1'b1; end
-            R53 : begin hit.r53 = 1'b1; end
-            R54 : begin hit.r54 = 1'b1; end
-            R55 : begin hit.r55 = 1'b1; end
-            R56 : begin hit.r56 = 1'b1; end
-            R57 : begin hit.r57 = 1'b1; end
-            R58 : begin hit.r58 = 1'b1; end
-            R59 : begin hit.r59 = 1'b1; end
-            R60 : begin hit.r60 = 1'b1; end
-            R61 : begin hit.r61 = 1'b1; end
-            R62 : begin hit.r62 = 1'b1; end
-            R63 : begin hit.r63 = 1'b1; end
-            R64 : begin hit.r64 = 1'b1; end
-            R65 : begin hit.r65 = 1'b1; end
-            R66 : begin hit.r66 = 1'b1; end
-            R67 : begin hit.r67 = 1'b1; end
-            R68 : begin hit.r68 = 1'b1; end
-            R69 : begin hit.r69 = 1'b1; end
-            R70 : begin hit.r70 = 1'b1; end
-            R71 : begin hit.r71 = 1'b1; end
-            R72 : begin hit.r72 = 1'b1; end
-            R73 : begin hit.r73 = 1'b1; end
-            R74 : begin hit.r74 = 1'b1; end
-            R75 : begin hit.r75 = 1'b1; end
-            R76 : begin hit.r76 = 1'b1; end
-            R77 : begin hit.r77 = 1'b1; end
-            R78 : begin hit.r78 = 1'b1; end
-            R79 : begin hit.r79 = 1'b1; end
-            R80 : begin hit.r80 = 1'b1; end
-            R81 : begin hit.r81 = 1'b1; end
-            R82 : begin hit.r82 = 1'b1; end
-            R83 : begin hit.r83 = 1'b1; end
-            R84 : begin hit.r84 = 1'b1; end
-            R85 : begin hit.r85 = 1'b1; end
-            R86 : begin hit.r86 = 1'b1; end
-            R87 : begin hit.r87 = 1'b1; end
-            R88 : begin hit.r88 = 1'b1; end
-            R89 : begin hit.r89 = 1'b1; end
-            R90 : begin hit.r90 = 1'b1; end
-            R91 : begin hit.r91 = 1'b1; end
-            R92 : begin hit.r92 = 1'b1; end
-            R93 : begin hit.r93 = 1'b1; end
-            R94 : begin hit.r94 = 1'b1; end
-            R95 : begin hit.r95 = 1'b1; end
-            R96 : begin hit.r96 = 1'b1; end
-            R97 : begin hit.r97 = 1'b1; end
-            R98 : begin hit.r98 = 1'b1; end
-            R99 : begin hit.r99 = 1'b1; end
-           default: begin hit = '0; end
-       endcase
-       return hit;
-    endfunction
+  localparam [W-1:0] R0 = W'('h200000 + 0);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R1 = W'('h200000 + 1);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R2 = W'('h200000 + 2);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R3 = W'('h200000 + 3);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R4 = W'('h200000 + 4);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R5 = W'('h200000 + 5);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R6 = W'('h200000 + 6);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R7 = W'('h200000 + 7);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R8 = W'('h200000 + 8);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R9 = W'('h200000 + 9);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R10 = W'('h200000 + 10);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R11 = W'('h200000 + 11);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R12 = W'('h200000 + 12);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R13 = W'('h200000 + 13);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R14 = W'('h200000 + 14);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R15 = W'('h200000 + 15);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R16 = W'('h200000 + 16);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R17 = W'('h200000 + 17);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R18 = W'('h200000 + 18);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R19 = W'('h200000 + 19);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R20 = W'('h200000 + 20);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R21 = W'('h200000 + 21);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R22 = W'('h200000 + 22);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R23 = W'('h200000 + 23);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R24 = W'('h200000 + 24);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R25 = W'('h200000 + 25);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R26 = W'('h200000 + 26);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R27 = W'('h200000 + 27);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R28 = W'('h200000 + 28);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R29 = W'('h200000 + 29);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R30 = W'('h200000 + 30);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R31 = W'('h200000 + 31);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R32 = W'('h200000 + 32);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R33 = W'('h200000 + 33);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R34 = W'('h200000 + 34);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R35 = W'('h200000 + 35);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R36 = W'('h200000 + 36);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R37 = W'('h200000 + 37);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R38 = W'('h200000 + 38);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R39 = W'('h200000 + 39);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R40 = W'('h200000 + 40);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R41 = W'('h200000 + 41);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R42 = W'('h200000 + 42);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R43 = W'('h200000 + 43);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R44 = W'('h200000 + 44);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R45 = W'('h200000 + 45);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R46 = W'('h200000 + 46);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R47 = W'('h200000 + 47);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R48 = W'('h200000 + 48);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R49 = W'('h200000 + 49);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R50 = W'('h200000 + 50);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R51 = W'('h200000 + 51);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R52 = W'('h200000 + 52);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R53 = W'('h200000 + 53);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R54 = W'('h200000 + 54);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R55 = W'('h200000 + 55);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R56 = W'('h200000 + 56);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R57 = W'('h200000 + 57);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R58 = W'('h200000 + 58);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R59 = W'('h200000 + 59);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R60 = W'('h200000 + 60);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R61 = W'('h200000 + 61);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R62 = W'('h200000 + 62);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R63 = W'('h200000 + 63);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R64 = W'('h200000 + 64);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R65 = W'('h200000 + 65);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R66 = W'('h200000 + 66);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R67 = W'('h200000 + 67);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R68 = W'('h200000 + 68);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R69 = W'('h200000 + 69);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R70 = W'('h200000 + 70);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R71 = W'('h200000 + 71);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R72 = W'('h200000 + 72);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R73 = W'('h200000 + 73);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R74 = W'('h200000 + 74);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R75 = W'('h200000 + 75);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R76 = W'('h200000 + 76);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R77 = W'('h200000 + 77);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R78 = W'('h200000 + 78);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R79 = W'('h200000 + 79);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R80 = W'('h200000 + 80);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R81 = W'('h200000 + 81);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R82 = W'('h200000 + 82);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R83 = W'('h200000 + 83);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R84 = W'('h200000 + 84);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R85 = W'('h200000 + 85);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R86 = W'('h200000 + 86);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R87 = W'('h200000 + 87);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R88 = W'('h200000 + 88);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R89 = W'('h200000 + 89);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R90 = W'('h200000 + 90);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R91 = W'('h200000 + 91);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R92 = W'('h200000 + 92);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R93 = W'('h200000 + 93);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R94 = W'('h200000 + 94);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R95 = W'('h200000 + 95);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R96 = W'('h200000 + 96);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R97 = W'('h200000 + 97);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R98 = W'('h200000 + 98);
+  localparam [W-1:0] R99 = W'('h200000 + 99);
+  typedef struct packed {
+    logic r0;
+    logic r1;
+    logic r2;
+    logic r3;
+    logic r4;
+    logic r5;
+    logic r6;
+    logic r7;
+    logic r8;
+    logic r9;
+    logic r10;
+    logic r11;
+    logic r12;
+    logic r13;
+    logic r14;
+    logic r15;
+    logic r16;
+    logic r17;
+    logic r18;
+    logic r19;
+    logic r20;
+    logic r21;
+    logic r22;
+    logic r23;
+    logic r24;
+    logic r25;
+    logic r26;
+    logic r27;
+    logic r28;
+    logic r29;
+    logic r30;
+    logic r31;
+    logic r32;
+    logic r33;
+    logic r34;
+    logic r35;
+    logic r36;
+    logic r37;
+    logic r38;
+    logic r39;
+    logic r40;
+    logic r41;
+    logic r42;
+    logic r43;
+    logic r44;
+    logic r45;
+    logic r46;
+    logic r47;
+    logic r48;
+    logic r49;
+    logic r50;
+    logic r51;
+    logic r52;
+    logic r53;
+    logic r54;
+    logic r55;
+    logic r56;
+    logic r57;
+    logic r58;
+    logic r59;
+    logic r60;
+    logic r61;
+    logic r62;
+    logic r63;
+    logic r64;
+    logic r65;
+    logic r66;
+    logic r67;
+    logic r68;
+    logic r69;
+    logic r70;
+    logic r71;
+    logic r72;
+    logic r73;
+    logic r74;
+    logic r75;
+    logic r76;
+    logic r77;
+    logic r78;
+    logic r79;
+    logic r80;
+    logic r81;
+    logic r82;
+    logic r83;
+    logic r84;
+    logic r85;
+    logic r86;
+    logic r87;
+    logic r88;
+    logic r89;
+    logic r90;
+    logic r91;
+    logic r92;
+    logic r93;
+    logic r94;
+    logic r95;
+    logic r96;
+    logic r97;
+    logic r98;
+    logic r99;
+  } hit_t;
+  function automatic hit_t get_hit(input logic [22:0] a);
+    hit_t hit = '0;
+    unique case (a)
+      R0: hit.r0 = 1'b1;
+      R1: hit.r1 = 1'b1;
+      R2: hit.r2 = 1'b1;
+      R3: hit.r3 = 1'b1;
+      R4: hit.r4 = 1'b1;
+      R5: hit.r5 = 1'b1;
+      R6: hit.r6 = 1'b1;
+      R7: hit.r7 = 1'b1;
+      R8: hit.r8 = 1'b1;
+      R9: hit.r9 = 1'b1;
+      R10: hit.r10 = 1'b1;
+      R11: hit.r11 = 1'b1;
+      R12: hit.r12 = 1'b1;
+      R13: hit.r13 = 1'b1;
+      R14: hit.r14 = 1'b1;
+      R15: hit.r15 = 1'b1;
+      R16: hit.r16 = 1'b1;
+      R17: hit.r17 = 1'b1;
+      R18: hit.r18 = 1'b1;
+      R19: hit.r19 = 1'b1;
+      R20: hit.r20 = 1'b1;
+      R21: hit.r21 = 1'b1;
+      R22: hit.r22 = 1'b1;
+      R23: hit.r23 = 1'b1;
+      R24: hit.r24 = 1'b1;
+      R25: hit.r25 = 1'b1;
+      R26: hit.r26 = 1'b1;
+      R27: hit.r27 = 1'b1;
+      R28: hit.r28 = 1'b1;
+      R29: hit.r29 = 1'b1;
+      R30: hit.r30 = 1'b1;
+      R31: hit.r31 = 1'b1;
+      R32: hit.r32 = 1'b1;
+      R33: hit.r33 = 1'b1;
+      R34: hit.r34 = 1'b1;
+      R35: hit.r35 = 1'b1;
+      R36: hit.r36 = 1'b1;
+      R37: hit.r37 = 1'b1;
+      R38: hit.r38 = 1'b1;
+      R39: hit.r39 = 1'b1;
+      R40: hit.r40 = 1'b1;
+      R41: hit.r41 = 1'b1;
+      R42: hit.r42 = 1'b1;
+      R43: hit.r43 = 1'b1;
+      R44: hit.r44 = 1'b1;
+      R45: hit.r45 = 1'b1;
+      R46: hit.r46 = 1'b1;
+      R47: hit.r47 = 1'b1;
+      R48: hit.r48 = 1'b1;
+      R49: hit.r49 = 1'b1;
+      R50: hit.r50 = 1'b1;
+      R51: hit.r51 = 1'b1;
+      R52: hit.r52 = 1'b1;
+      R53: hit.r53 = 1'b1;
+      R54: hit.r54 = 1'b1;
+      R55: hit.r55 = 1'b1;
+      R56: hit.r56 = 1'b1;
+      R57: hit.r57 = 1'b1;
+      R58: hit.r58 = 1'b1;
+      R59: hit.r59 = 1'b1;
+      R60: hit.r60 = 1'b1;
+      R61: hit.r61 = 1'b1;
+      R62: hit.r62 = 1'b1;
+      R63: hit.r63 = 1'b1;
+      R64: hit.r64 = 1'b1;
+      R65: hit.r65 = 1'b1;
+      R66: hit.r66 = 1'b1;
+      R67: hit.r67 = 1'b1;
+      R68: hit.r68 = 1'b1;
+      R69: hit.r69 = 1'b1;
+      R70: hit.r70 = 1'b1;
+      R71: hit.r71 = 1'b1;
+      R72: hit.r72 = 1'b1;
+      R73: hit.r73 = 1'b1;
+      R74: hit.r74 = 1'b1;
+      R75: hit.r75 = 1'b1;
+      R76: hit.r76 = 1'b1;
+      R77: hit.r77 = 1'b1;
+      R78: hit.r78 = 1'b1;
+      R79: hit.r79 = 1'b1;
+      R80: hit.r80 = 1'b1;
+      R81: hit.r81 = 1'b1;
+      R82: hit.r82 = 1'b1;
+      R83: hit.r83 = 1'b1;
+      R84: hit.r84 = 1'b1;
+      R85: hit.r85 = 1'b1;
+      R86: hit.r86 = 1'b1;
+      R87: hit.r87 = 1'b1;
+      R88: hit.r88 = 1'b1;
+      R89: hit.r89 = 1'b1;
+      R90: hit.r90 = 1'b1;
+      R91: hit.r91 = 1'b1;
+      R92: hit.r92 = 1'b1;
+      R93: hit.r93 = 1'b1;
+      R94: hit.r94 = 1'b1;
+      R95: hit.r95 = 1'b1;
+      R96: hit.r96 = 1'b1;
+      R97: hit.r97 = 1'b1;
+      R98: hit.r98 = 1'b1;
+      R99: hit.r99 = 1'b1;
+      default: hit = '0;
+    endcase
+    return hit;
+  endfunction
 
-   initial begin
-      if (get_hit(R30) !== hit_t'{r30: 1'b1, default: '0}) $stop;
-      if (get_hit('1) !== '0) $stop;
-      if (get_hit('0) !== '0) $stop;
-      $write("*-* All Finished *-*\n");
-      $finish;
-   end
+  initial begin
+    if (get_hit(R30) !== hit_t'{r30: 1'b1, default: '0}) $stop;
+    if (get_hit('1) !== '0) $stop;
+    if (get_hit('0) !== '0) $stop;
+    $write("*-* All Finished *-*\n");
+    $finish;
+  end
 
 endmodule

test_regress/t/t_class_reference_name_colision.py

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog Test driver/expect definition
+#
+# Copyright 2025 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you
+# can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
+# Version 2.0.
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-only OR Artistic-2.0
+
+import vltest_bootstrap
+
+test.scenarios('simulator')
+
+test.compile()
+
+test.passes()

test_regress/t/t_class_reference_name_colision.v

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+// DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog Test module
+//
+// This file ONLY is placed under the Creative Commons Public Domain, for
+// any use, without warranty, 2025 by Antmicro.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
+
+class setup_coefficients;
+    static function int create();
+        return 1;
+    endfunction
+endclass
+
+class biquad_vseq;
+    int c_setup = setup_coefficients::create();
+    function void setup_coefficients();
+    endfunction
+endclass: biquad_vseq

test_regress/t/t_cover_expr_array_class.py

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog Test driver/expect definition
+#
+# Copyright 2025 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you
+# can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
+# Version 2.0.
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-only OR Artistic-2.0
+
+import vltest_bootstrap
+
+test.scenarios('simulator')
+
+test.compile(verilator_flags2=['--coverage-expr'])
+
+test.execute()
+
+test.passes()

test_regress/t/t_cover_expr_array_class.v

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+// DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog Test module
+//
+// This file ONLY is placed under the Creative Commons Public Domain, for
+// any use, without warranty, 2025 by Antmicro.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
+
+class Class1;
+   int value0 = 7;
+endclass
+
+module t;
+   initial begin
+      int i = 0;
+      Class1 q[15];
+      for (int j = 0; j < 15; j = j + 1) begin
+         Class1 x = new;
+         q[j] = x;
+      end
+      while (i < 15) begin
+         if ((q[i].value0 > 8) || (q[i].value0 < 5)) $stop;
+         i += 1;
+      end
+      $write("*-* All Finished *-*\n");
+      $finish;
+   end
+endmodule

test_regress/t/t_cover_expr_associative_array_class.py

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog Test driver/expect definition
+#
+# Copyright 2025 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you
+# can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
+# Version 2.0.
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-only OR Artistic-2.0
+
+import vltest_bootstrap
+
+test.scenarios('simulator')
+
+test.compile(verilator_flags2=['--coverage-expr'])
+
+test.execute()
+
+test.passes()

test_regress/t/t_cover_expr_associative_array_class.v

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+// DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog Test module
+//
+// This file ONLY is placed under the Creative Commons Public Domain, for
+// any use, without warranty, 2025 by Antmicro.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
+
+class Class1;
+  int value0 = 7;
+endclass
+
+module t;
+  initial begin
+    int i = 0;
+    Class1 q[int] = '{};
+    for (int j = 0; j < 15; j = j + 1) begin
+      Class1 x = new;
+      q[j] = x;
+    end
+    while (i < 15) begin
+      if ((q[i].value0 > 8) || (q[i].value0 < 5)) $stop;
+      i += 1;
+    end
+    $write("*-* All Finished *-*\n");
+    $finish;
+  end
+endmodule

test_regress/t/t_cover_expr_dyn_array_class.py

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog Test driver/expect definition
+#
+# Copyright 2025 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you
+# can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
+# Version 2.0.
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-only OR Artistic-2.0
+
+import vltest_bootstrap
+
+test.scenarios('simulator')
+
+test.compile(verilator_flags2=['--coverage-expr'])
+
+test.execute()
+
+test.passes()

test_regress/t/t_cover_expr_dyn_array_class.v

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+// DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog Test module
+//
+// This file ONLY is placed under the Creative Commons Public Domain, for
+// any use, without warranty, 2025 by Antmicro.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
+
+class Class1;
+   int value0 = 7;
+endclass
+
+module t;
+   initial begin
+      int i = 0;
+      Class1 q[] = new [15];
+      for (int j = 0; j < 15; j = j + 1) begin
+         Class1 x = new;
+         q[j] = x;
+      end
+      while (i < 15) begin
+         if ((q[i].value0 > 8) || (q[i].value0 < 5)) $stop;
+         i += 1;
+      end
+      $write("*-* All Finished *-*\n");
+      $finish;
+   end
+endmodule

test_regress/t/t_cover_expr_queue_class.py

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog Test driver/expect definition
+#
+# Copyright 2025 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you
+# can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
+# Version 2.0.
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-only OR Artistic-2.0
+
+import vltest_bootstrap
+
+test.scenarios('simulator')
+
+test.compile(verilator_flags2=['--coverage-expr'])
+
+test.execute()
+
+test.passes()

test_regress/t/t_cover_expr_queue_class.v

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+// DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog Test module
+//
+// This file ONLY is placed under the Creative Commons Public Domain, for
+// any use, without warranty, 2025 by Antmicro.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
+
+class Class1;
+   int value0 = 7;
+endclass
+
+module t;
+   initial begin
+      int i = 0;
+      Class1 q[$];
+      repeat(15) begin
+         Class1 x = new;
+         q = { q, x };
+      end
+      while (i < q.size()) begin
+         if ((q[i].value0 > 8) || (q[i].value0 < 5)) $stop;
+         i += 1;
+      end
+      $write("*-* All Finished *-*\n");
+      $finish;
+   end
+endmodule

test_regress/t/t_covergroup_args.py

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog Test driver/expect definition
+#
+# Copyright 2025 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you
+# can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
+# Version 2.0.
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-only OR Artistic-2.0
+
+import vltest_bootstrap
+
+test.scenarios('vlt')
+
+test.compile()
+
+test.passes()

test_regress/t/t_covergroup_args.v

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+// DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog Test module
+//
+// This file ONLY is placed under the Creative Commons Public Domain, for
+// any use, without warranty, 2025 by Antmicro.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
+
+/* verilator lint_off COVERIGN */
+module t;
+    covergroup cgArgs(int var1, int var2=42);
+
+    endgroup
+
+    cgArgs cov1 = new(69, 77);
+    cgArgs cov2 = new(69);
+    function x();
+        cov1.sample();
+        cov2.get_coverage();
+    endfunction;
+endmodule

test_regress/t/t_covergroup_extends.py

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog Test driver/expect definition
+#
+# Copyright 2025 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you
+# can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
+# Version 2.0.
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-only OR Artistic-2.0
+
+import vltest_bootstrap
+
+test.scenarios('vlt')
+
+test.compile()
+
+test.passes()

test_regress/t/t_covergroup_extends.v

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+// DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog Test module
+//
+// This file ONLY is placed under the Creative Commons Public Domain, for
+// any use, without warranty, 2025 by Antmicro.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
+
+/* verilator lint_off COVERIGN */
+module t;
+    class base;
+        enum {red, green, blue} color;
+        covergroup g1 (bit [3:0] a) with function sample(bit b);
+            option.weight       = 10;
+            option.per_instance = 1;
+            coverpoint a;
+            coverpoint b;
+            c: coverpoint color;
+        endgroup
+        function new();
+            g1 = new(0);
+        endfunction
+    endclass
+
+    class derived extends base;
+        bit d;
+        covergroup extends g1;
+            option.weight = 1;  // overrides the weight from base g1
+                                // uses per_instance = 1 from base g1
+            c: coverpoint color // overrides the c coverpoint in base g1
+            {
+                ignore_bins ignore = {blue};
+            }
+            coverpoint d;       // adds new coverpoint
+            cross a, d;         // crosses new coverpoint with inherited one
+        endgroup :g1
+        function new();
+            super.new();
+        endfunction
+    endclass
+endmodule

test_regress/t/t_covergroup_extends_newfirst.py

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog Test driver/expect definition
+#
+# Copyright 2025 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you
+# can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
+# Version 2.0.
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-only OR Artistic-2.0
+
+import vltest_bootstrap
+
+test.scenarios('vlt')
+
+test.compile()
+
+test.passes()

test_regress/t/t_covergroup_extends_newfirst.v

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+// DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog Test module
+//
+// This file ONLY is placed under the Creative Commons Public Domain, for
+// any use, without warranty, 2025 by Antmicro.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
+
+/* verilator lint_off COVERIGN */
+module t;
+    class base;
+        function new();
+            g1 = new(0);
+        endfunction
+        enum {red, green, blue} color;
+        covergroup g1 (bit [3:0] a) with function sample(bit b);
+            option.weight       = 10;
+            option.per_instance = 1;
+            coverpoint a;
+            coverpoint b;
+            c: coverpoint color;
+        endgroup
+    endclass
+
+    class derived extends base;
+        bit d;
+        function new();
+            super.new();
+        endfunction
+        covergroup extends g1;
+            option.weight = 1;  // overrides the weight from base g1
+                                // uses per_instance = 1 from base g1
+            c: coverpoint color // overrides the c coverpoint in base g1
+            {
+                ignore_bins ignore = {blue};
+            }
+            coverpoint d;       // adds new coverpoint
+            cross a, d;         // crosses new coverpoint with inherited one
+        endgroup :g1
+    endclass
+endmodule

test_regress/t/t_covergroup_func_override_bad.out

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+%Error: t/t_covergroup_func_override_bad.v:10:5: syntax error, unexpected function
+   10 |     function sample();
+      |     ^~~~~~~~
+        ... See the manual at https://verilator.org/verilator_doc.html?v=latest for more assistance.
+%Error: Exiting due to

test_regress/t/t_covergroup_func_override_bad.py

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog Test driver/expect definition
+#
+# Copyright 2025 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you
+# can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
+# Version 2.0.
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-only OR Artistic-2.0
+
+import vltest_bootstrap
+
+test.scenarios('simulator')
+
+if test.vlt_all:
+    test.lint(fails=True, expect_filename=test.golden_filename)
+else:
+    test.compile(nc_flags2=["-coverage", "functional"])
+    test.execute()
+
+test.passes()

test_regress/t/t_covergroup_func_override_bad.v

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+// DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog Test module
+//
+// This file ONLY is placed under the Creative Commons Public Domain, for
+// any use, without warranty, 2025 by Antmicro.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
+
+/* verilator lint_off COVERIGN */
+module t();
+    covergroup cg;
+    function sample();
+
+    endfunction
+    function get_coverage();
+
+    endfunction
+    endgroup
+endmodule

test_regress/t/t_covergroup_in_class.py

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog Test driver/expect definition
+#
+# Copyright 2025 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you
+# can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
+# Version 2.0.
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-only OR Artistic-2.0
+
+import vltest_bootstrap
+
+test.scenarios('vlt')
+
+test.compile()
+
+test.passes()

test_regress/t/t_covergroup_in_class.v

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+// DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog Test module
+//
+// This file ONLY is placed under the Creative Commons Public Domain, for
+// any use, without warranty, 2025 by Antmicro.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
+
+/* verilator lint_off COVERIGN */
+class myClass;
+    covergroup embeddedCg;
+
+    endgroup
+
+    function new();
+        embeddedCg = new();
+        embeddedCg.sample();
+        embeddedCg.get_coverage();
+    endfunction
+endclass

test_regress/t/t_covergroup_in_class_colliding.py

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog Test driver/expect definition
+#
+# Copyright 2025 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you
+# can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
+# Version 2.0.
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-only OR Artistic-2.0
+
+import vltest_bootstrap
+
+test.scenarios('vlt')
+
+test.compile()
+
+test.passes()

test_regress/t/t_covergroup_in_class_colliding.v

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+// DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog Test module
+//
+// This file ONLY is placed under the Creative Commons Public Domain, for
+// any use, without warranty, 2025 by Antmicro.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
+
+/* verilator lint_off COVERIGN */
+class myClass;
+    covergroup embeddedCg;
+
+    endgroup
+
+    function new();
+        embeddedCg = new();
+        embeddedCg.sample();
+        embeddedCg.get_coverage();
+    endfunction
+endclass
+
+class secondClass;
+    covergroup embeddedCg;
+
+    endgroup
+
+    function new();
+        embeddedCg = new();
+        embeddedCg.sample();
+        embeddedCg.get_coverage();
+    endfunction
+endclass

test_regress/t/t_covergroup_in_class_duplicate_bad.out

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+%Error: t/t_covergroup_in_class_duplicate_bad.v:13:16: Duplicate declaration of CLASS '__vlAnonCG_embeddedCg': '__vlAnonCG_embeddedCg'
+   13 |     covergroup embeddedCg;
+      |                ^~~~~~~~~~
+        t/t_covergroup_in_class_duplicate_bad.v:9:16: ... Location of original declaration
+    9 |     covergroup embeddedCg;
+      |                ^~~~~~~~~~
+        ... See the manual at https://verilator.org/verilator_doc.html?v=latest for more assistance.
+%Error: Exiting due to

test_regress/t/t_covergroup_in_class_duplicate_bad.py

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog Test driver/expect definition
+#
+# Copyright 2025 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you
+# can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
+# Version 2.0.
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-only OR Artistic-2.0
+
+import vltest_bootstrap
+
+test.scenarios('simulator')
+
+test.compile(fails=True, expect_filename=test.golden_filename)
+
+test.passes()

test_regress/t/t_covergroup_in_class_duplicate_bad.v

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+// DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog Test module
+//
+// This file ONLY is placed under the Creative Commons Public Domain, for
+// any use, without warranty, 2025 by Antmicro.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
+
+/* verilator lint_off COVERIGN */
+class myClass;
+    covergroup embeddedCg;
+
+    endgroup
+
+    covergroup embeddedCg;
+
+    endgroup
+endclass

test_regress/t/t_covergroup_new_override_bad.out

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+%Error: t/t_covergroup_new_override_bad.v:10:5: syntax error, unexpected function
+   10 |     function new();
+      |     ^~~~~~~~
+        ... See the manual at https://verilator.org/verilator_doc.html?v=latest for more assistance.
+%Error: Exiting due to

test_regress/t/t_covergroup_new_override_bad.py

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog Test driver/expect definition
+#
+# Copyright 2025 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you
+# can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
+# Version 2.0.
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-only OR Artistic-2.0
+
+import vltest_bootstrap
+
+test.scenarios('simulator')
+
+if test.vlt_all:
+    test.lint(fails=True, expect_filename=test.golden_filename)
+else:
+    test.compile(nc_flags2=["-coverage", "functional"])
+    test.execute()
+
+test.passes()

test_regress/t/t_covergroup_new_override_bad.v

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+// DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog Test module
+//
+// This file ONLY is placed under the Creative Commons Public Domain, for
+// any use, without warranty, 2025 by Antmicro.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
+
+/* verilator lint_off COVERIGN */
+module t();
+    covergroup cg;
+    function new();
+
+    endfunction
+    endgroup
+endmodule

test_regress/t/t_covergroup_unsup.out

@@ -385,28 +385,21 @@
   136 |       cross a, b {
       |       ^~~~~
 %Warning-COVERIGN: t/t_covergroup_unsup.v:154:4: Ignoring unsupported: covergroup
-  154 |    covergroup cg_more extends cg_empty;
+  154 |    covergroup cgArgs(int cg_lim);
       |    ^~~~~~~~~~
-%Warning-COVERIGN: t/t_covergroup_unsup.v:157:4: Ignoring unsupported: covergroup
-  157 |    covergroup cg_args(int cg_lim);
-      |    ^~~~~~~~~~
-%Warning-COVERIGN: t/t_covergroup_unsup.v:164:7: Ignoring unsupported: covergroup
-  164 |       covergroup cov1 @m_z;
+%Warning-COVERIGN: t/t_covergroup_unsup.v:161:7: Ignoring unsupported: covergroup
+  161 |       covergroup cov1 @m_z;
       |       ^~~~~~~~~~
-%Warning-COVERIGN: t/t_covergroup_unsup.v:164:23: Ignoring unsupported: coverage clocking event
-  164 |       covergroup cov1 @m_z;
+%Warning-COVERIGN: t/t_covergroup_unsup.v:161:23: Ignoring unsupported: coverage clocking event
+  161 |       covergroup cov1 @m_z;
       |                       ^
-%Warning-COVERIGN: t/t_covergroup_unsup.v:165:10: Ignoring unsupported: coverpoint
-  165 |          coverpoint m_x;
+%Warning-COVERIGN: t/t_covergroup_unsup.v:162:10: Ignoring unsupported: coverpoint
+  162 |          coverpoint m_x;
       |          ^~~~~~~~~~
-%Warning-COVERIGN: t/t_covergroup_unsup.v:166:10: Ignoring unsupported: coverpoint
-  166 |          coverpoint m_y;
+%Warning-COVERIGN: t/t_covergroup_unsup.v:163:10: Ignoring unsupported: coverpoint
+  163 |          coverpoint m_y;
       |          ^~~~~~~~~~
-%Warning-COVERIGN: t/t_covergroup_unsup.v:164:18: Ignoring unsupported: covergroup within class
-  164 |       covergroup cov1 @m_z;
-      |                  ^~~~
-%Error: t/t_covergroup_unsup.v:169:23: Can't find definition of variable: 'cov1'
-  169 |       function new(); cov1 = new; endfunction
-      |                       ^~~~
-        ... See the manual at https://verilator.org/verilator_doc.html?v=latest for more assistance.
+%Warning-COVERIGN: t/t_covergroup_unsup.v:171:7: Ignoring unsupported: covergroup
+  171 |       covergroup extends cg_empty;
+      |       ^~~~~~~~~~
 %Error: Exiting due to

test_regress/t/t_covergroup_unsup.v

@@ -151,10 +151,7 @@ module t (/*AUTOARG*/
       }
    endgroup
 
-   covergroup cg_more extends cg_empty;
-   endgroup
-
-   covergroup cg_args(int cg_lim);
+   covergroup cgArgs(int cg_lim);
    endgroup
 
    class CgCls;
@@ -170,10 +167,15 @@ module t (/*AUTOARG*/
 `endif
    endclass
 
+   class CgEmb;
+      covergroup extends cg_empty;
+      endgroup
+   endclass
+
    always @(posedge clk) begin
-      cg_more cov1 = new;
+      cg_empty cov1 = new;
 `ifndef T_COVERGROUP_UNSUP_IGN
-      cg_args cov2 = new(2);
+      cgArgs cov2 = new(2);
 `endif
       if (cyc == 10) begin
          $write("*-* All Finished *-*\n");

test_regress/t/t_debug_emitv.out

@@ -74,6 +74,8 @@ module Vt_debug_emitv_t;
             if (the_ifaces[2].ifsig) begin
                 $write("");
             end
+            #64'h1;
+            $write("After #1 delay");
         end
     end
     bit [6:5] [4:3] [2:1]  arraymanyd[10:11][12:13][14:15];

test_regress/t/t_debug_emitv.py

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ test.scenarios("vlt")
 test.lint(
     # We also have dump-tree turned on, so hit a lot of AstNode*::dump() functions
     # Likewise XML
-    v_flags=["--lint-only --dumpi-tree 9 --dumpi-V3EmitV 9 --debug-emitv"])
+    v_flags=["--lint-only --dumpi-tree 9 --dumpi-V3EmitV 9 --debug-emitv --timing"])
 
 output_vs = test.glob_some(test.obj_dir + "/" + test.vm_prefix + "_*_width.tree.v")
 

test_regress/t/t_debug_emitv.v

@@ -86,6 +86,7 @@ module t (/*AUTOARG*/
       if (|downto_32[55+:3]) $write("");
       if (|downto_32[60-:7]) $write("");
       if (the_ifaces[2].ifsig) $write("");
+      #1 $write("After #1 delay");
    end
 
    bit [6:5][4:3][2:1] arraymanyd[10:11][12:13][14:15];

test_regress/t/t_debug_emitv_addrids.py

@@ -15,6 +15,6 @@ test.top_filename = "t/t_debug_emitv.v"
 test.lint(
     # We also have dump-tree turned on, so hit a lot of AstNode*::dump() functions
     # Likewise XML
-    v_flags=["--lint-only --dumpi-tree 9 --dump-tree-addrids"])
+    v_flags=["--lint-only --dumpi-tree 9 --dump-tree-addrids --timing"])
 
 test.passes()

test_regress/t/t_dfg_break_cycles.v

@@ -107,4 +107,8 @@ module t (
   `signal(REPLICATE, 4);
   assign REPLICATE = rand_a[3:0] ^ ({2{REPLICATE[3:2]}} >> 2);
 
+  `signal(PARTIAL, 4);
+  assign PARTIAL[0] = rand_a[0];
+  // PARTIAL[1] intentionally unconnected
+  assign PARTIAL[3:2] = rand_a[3:2] ^ {PARTIAL[2], PARTIAL[0]};
 endmodule

test_regress/t/t_disable.out

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-%Error-UNSUPPORTED: t/t_disable.v:11:10: Unsupported: disabling fork by name
+%Error-UNSUPPORTED: t/t_disable.v:11:10: Unsupported: disabling fork from within same fork
    11 |          disable foo;
       |          ^~~~~~~
                     ... For error description see https://verilator.org/warn/UNSUPPORTED?v=latest

test_regress/t/t_disable_empty_outside.py

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog Test driver/expect definition
+#
+# Copyright 2024 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you
+# can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
+# Version 2.0.
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-only OR Artistic-2.0
+
+import vltest_bootstrap
+
+test.scenarios('simulator')
+
+test.compile(timing_loop=True, verilator_flags2=["--timing"])
+
+test.execute()
+
+test.passes()

test_regress/t/t_disable_empty_outside.v

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+// DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog Test module
+//
+// This file ONLY is placed under the Creative Commons Public Domain, for
+// any use, without warranty, 2025 by Antmicro.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
+
+module t (/*AUTOARG*/);
+   initial begin
+      begin : blk
+         int x = 0;
+         fork : fork_blk
+            begin
+            end
+            begin
+               x = 1;
+               #2;
+               x = 2;
+            end
+         join_none
+         #1;
+         disable fork_blk;
+         #2;
+         if (x != 1) $stop;
+         $write("*-* All Finished *-*\n");
+         $finish;
+      end
+   end
+endmodule

test_regress/t/t_disable_outside.py

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog Test driver/expect definition
+#
+# Copyright 2024 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you
+# can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
+# Version 2.0.
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-only OR Artistic-2.0
+
+import vltest_bootstrap
+
+test.scenarios('simulator')
+
+test.compile(timing_loop=True, verilator_flags2=["--timing"])
+
+test.execute()
+
+test.passes()

test_regress/t/t_disable_outside.v

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+// DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog Test module
+//
+// This file ONLY is placed under the Creative Commons Public Domain, for
+// any use, without warranty, 2025 by Antmicro.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
+
+module t (/*AUTOARG*/);
+   initial begin
+      begin : blk
+         int x = 0;
+         fork : fork_blk
+            begin
+               x = 1;
+               #2;
+               x = 2;
+            end
+         join_none
+         #1;
+         disable fork_blk;
+         #2;
+         if (x != 1) $stop;
+         $write("*-* All Finished *-*\n");
+         $finish;
+      end
+   end
+endmodule

test_regress/t/t_disable_outside2.py

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog Test driver/expect definition
+#
+# Copyright 2024 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you
+# can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
+# Version 2.0.
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-only OR Artistic-2.0
+
+import vltest_bootstrap
+
+test.scenarios('simulator')
+
+test.compile(timing_loop=True, verilator_flags2=["--timing"])
+
+test.execute()
+
+test.passes()

test_regress/t/t_disable_outside2.v

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+// DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog Test module
+//
+// This file ONLY is placed under the Creative Commons Public Domain, for
+// any use, without warranty, 2025 by Antmicro.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
+
+module t (/*AUTOARG*/);
+   initial begin
+      for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) begin
+         begin : blk
+            int x = 0;
+            fork : fork_blk
+               begin
+                  x = 1;
+                  #2;
+                  x = 2;
+               end
+            join_none
+            #1;
+            if (i < 2) disable fork_blk;
+            #2;
+            if (i < 2 && x != 1) $stop;
+            if (i == 2 && x != 2) $stop;
+         end
+      end
+      $write("*-* All Finished *-*\n");
+      $finish;
+   end
+endmodule

test_regress/t/t_disable_outside3.py

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog Test driver/expect definition
+#
+# Copyright 2024 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you
+# can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
+# Version 2.0.
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-only OR Artistic-2.0
+
+import vltest_bootstrap
+
+test.scenarios('simulator')
+
+test.compile(timing_loop=True, verilator_flags2=["--timing"])
+
+test.execute()
+
+test.passes()

test_regress/t/t_disable_outside3.v

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+// DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog Test module
+//
+// This file ONLY is placed under the Creative Commons Public Domain, for
+// any use, without warranty, 2025 by Antmicro.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
+
+module t (/*AUTOARG*/);
+   initial begin
+      begin : blk
+         int x = 0;
+         fork : fork_blk
+            begin
+               #4;
+               x = 3;
+            end
+            begin : begin_blk
+               x = 1;
+               #2;
+               x = 2;
+            end
+         join_none
+         #1;
+         disable fork_blk.begin_blk;
+         #2;
+         if (x != 1) $stop;
+         #2;
+         if (x != 3) $stop;
+         $write("*-* All Finished *-*\n");
+         $finish;
+      end
+   end
+endmodule

test_regress/t/t_disable_outside4.py

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog Test driver/expect definition
+#
+# Copyright 2024 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you
+# can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
+# Version 2.0.
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-only OR Artistic-2.0
+
+import vltest_bootstrap
+
+test.scenarios('simulator')
+
+test.compile(timing_loop=True, verilator_flags2=["--timing"])
+
+test.execute()
+
+test.passes()

test_regress/t/t_disable_outside4.v

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+// DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog Test module
+//
+// This file ONLY is placed under the Creative Commons Public Domain, for
+// any use, without warranty, 2025 by Antmicro.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
+
+module t (/*AUTOARG*/);
+   initial begin
+      begin : blk
+         int x = 0;
+         fork
+            begin
+               #1;
+               disable begin_blk;
+            end
+            begin : begin_blk
+               x = 1;
+               #2;
+               x = 2;
+            end
+         join_none
+         #3;
+         if (x != 1) $stop;
+         $write("*-* All Finished *-*\n");
+         $finish;
+      end
+   end
+endmodule

test_regress/t/t_disable_within_task_unsup.out

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+%Error-UNSUPPORTED: t/t_disable_within_task_unsup.v:8:4: Unsupported: disabling fork from task / function
+    8 |    disable t.init.fork_blk;
+      |    ^~~~~~~
+                    ... For error description see https://verilator.org/warn/UNSUPPORTED?v=latest
+%Error: Exiting due to