mirror of https://github.com/swig/swig
two director examples for python
git-svn-id: https://swig.svn.sourceforge.net/svnroot/swig/trunk/SWIG@4447 626c5289-ae23-0410-ae9c-e8d60b6d4f22
This commit is contained in:
Mark Rose
parent
c8b971fd33
commit
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TOP = ../..
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SWIG = $(TOP)/../swig
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CXXSRCS = example.cxx
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TARGET = example
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INTERFACE = example.i
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LIBS = -lm
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SWIGOPT =
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SWIGLIB = SWIG_LIB=/b/mrose/projects/swig/SWIG/Lib
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all::
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$(MAKE) -f $(TOP)/Makefile $(SWIGLIB) CXXSRCS='$(CXXSRCS)' SWIG='$(SWIG)' \
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SWIGOPT='$(SWIGOPT)' TARGET='$(TARGET)' INTERFACE='$(INTERFACE)' python_cpp
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static::
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$(MAKE) -f $(TOP)/Makefile $(SWIGLIB) CXXSRCS='$(CXXSRCS)' SWIG='$(SWIG)' \
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SWIGOPT='$(SWIGOPT)' TARGET='mypython' INTERFACE='$(INTERFACE)' python_cpp_static
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clean::
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$(MAKE) -f $(TOP)/Makefile python_clean
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rm -f $(TARGET).py
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check: all
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/* File : example.cxx */
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#include "example.h"
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/* File : example.h */
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#include <cstdio>
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#include <iostream>
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class Callback {
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public:
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virtual ~Callback() { std::cout << "Callback::~Callback()" << std:: endl; }
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virtual void run() { std::cout << "Callback::run()" << std::endl; }
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};
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class Caller {
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private:
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Callback *_callback;
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public:
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Caller(): _callback(0) {}
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~Caller() { delCallback(); }
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void delCallback() { if (_callback) delete _callback; _callback = 0; }
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void setCallback(Callback *cb) { delCallback(); _callback = cb; }
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void call() { if (_callback) _callback->run(); }
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};
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/* File : example.i */
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%module(directors="1") example
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%{
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#include "example.h"
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%}
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%include "typemaps.i"
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%include "std_vector.i"
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%include "std_string.i"
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/* turn on director wrapping Callback */
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%feature("director") Callback;
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%include "example.h"
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<html>
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<head>
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<title>SWIG:Examples:python:callback</title>
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</head>
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<body bgcolor="#ffffff">
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<tt>SWIG/Examples/python/extend/</tt>
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<hr>
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<H2>Implementing C++ callbacks in Python</H2>
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<tt>$Header$</tt><br>
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<p>
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This example illustrates how to use directors to implement C++ callbacks in Python.
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<hr>
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</body>
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</html>
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# file: runme.py
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# This file illustrates the cross language polymorphism using directors.
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import example
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# CEO class, which overrides Employee::getPosition().
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class PyCallback(example.Callback):
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def __init__(self):
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example.Callback.__init__(self)
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def run(self):
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print "PyCallback.run()"
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def __del__(self):
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print "PyCallback.__del__()"
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# for shadow class extensions that are not "disowned" and
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# define a __del__ method, it is very important to call the
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# base class __del__. otherwise the c++ objects will never
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# be deleted.
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example.Callback.__del__(self)
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# Create an Caller instance
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caller = example.Caller()
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# Add a simple C++ callback (caller owns the callback, so
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# we disown it first by clearing the .thisown flag).
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print "Adding and calling a normal C++ callback"
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print "----------------------------------------"
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callback = example.Callback()
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callback.thisown = 0
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caller.setCallback(callback)
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caller.call()
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caller.delCallback();
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print
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print "Adding and calling a Python callback"
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print "------------------------------------"
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# Add a Python callback (caller owns the callback, so we
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# disown it first by calling __disown__).
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caller.setCallback(PyCallback().__disown__())
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caller.call()
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caller.delCallback()
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print
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print "Adding and calling another Python callback"
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print "------------------------------------------"
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# Lets do the same but use the weak reference this time.
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callback = PyCallback().__disown__()
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caller.setCallback(callback)
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caller.call()
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caller.delCallback()
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# All done.
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print
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print "python exit"
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# see top-level Makefile.in
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callback
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class
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constants
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enum
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exceptshadow
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extend
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funcattr
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funcptr
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funcptr2
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TOP = ../..
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SWIG = $(TOP)/../swig
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CXXSRCS = example.cxx
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TARGET = example
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INTERFACE = example.i
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LIBS = -lm
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SWIGOPT =
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SWIGLIB = SWIG_LIB=/b/mrose/projects/swig/SWIG/Lib
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all::
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$(MAKE) -f $(TOP)/Makefile $(SWIGLIB) CXXSRCS='$(CXXSRCS)' SWIG='$(SWIG)' \
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SWIGOPT='$(SWIGOPT)' TARGET='$(TARGET)' INTERFACE='$(INTERFACE)' python_cpp
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static::
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$(MAKE) -f $(TOP)/Makefile $(SWIGLIB) CXXSRCS='$(CXXSRCS)' SWIG='$(SWIG)' \
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SWIGOPT='$(SWIGOPT)' TARGET='mypython' INTERFACE='$(INTERFACE)' python_cpp_static
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clean::
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$(MAKE) -f $(TOP)/Makefile python_clean
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rm -f $(TARGET).py
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check: all
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/* File : example.c */
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#include "example.h"
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/* File : example.h */
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#include <cstdio>
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#include <iostream>
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#include <vector>
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#include <string>
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#include <cmath>
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class Employee {
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private:
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std::string name;
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public:
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Employee(const char* n): name(n) {}
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virtual std::string getTitle() { return getPosition() + " " + getName(); }
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virtual std::string getName() { return name; }
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virtual std::string getPosition() const { return "Employee"; }
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virtual ~Employee() { printf("~Employee() @ %p\n", this); }
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};
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class Manager: public Employee {
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public:
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Manager(const char* n): Employee(n) {}
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virtual std::string getPosition() const { return "Manager"; }
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};
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class EmployeeList {
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std::vector<Employee*> list;
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public:
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EmployeeList() {
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list.push_back(new Employee("Bob"));
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list.push_back(new Employee("Jane"));
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list.push_back(new Manager("Ted"));
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}
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void addEmployee(Employee *p) {
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list.push_back(p);
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std::cout << "New employee added. Current employees are:" << std::endl;
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std::vector<Employee*>::iterator i;
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for (i=list.begin(); i!=list.end(); i++) {
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std::cout << " " << (*i)->getTitle() << std::endl;
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}
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}
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const Employee *get_item(int i) {
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return list[i];
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}
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~EmployeeList() {
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std::vector<Employee*>::iterator i;
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std::cout << "~EmployeeList, deleting " << list.size() << " employees." << std::endl;
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for (i=list.begin(); i!=list.end(); i++) {
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delete *i;
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}
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std::cout << "~EmployeeList empty." << std::endl;
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}
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};
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/* File : example.i */
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%module(directors="1") example
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%{
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#include "example.h"
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%}
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%include "typemaps.i"
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%include "std_vector.i"
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%include "std_string.i"
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/* turn on director wrapping for Manager */
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%feature("director") Employee;
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%feature("director") Manager;
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%include "example.h"
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<html>
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<head>
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<title>SWIG:Examples:python:extend</title>
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</head>
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<body bgcolor="#ffffff">
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<tt>SWIG/Examples/python/extend/</tt>
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<hr>
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<H2>Extending a simple C++ class in Python</H2>
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<tt>$Header$</tt><br>
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<p>
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This example illustrates the extending of a C++ class with cross language polymorphism.
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<hr>
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</body>
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</html>
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# file: runme.py
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# This file illustrates the cross language polymorphism using directors.
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import example
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# CEO class, which overrides Employee::getPosition().
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class CEO(example.Manager):
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def __init__(self, name):
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example.Manager.__init__(self, name)
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def getPosition(self):
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return "CEO"
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def __del__(self):
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print "CEO.__del__(),", self.getName()
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# for shadow class extensions that are not "disowned" and
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# define a __del__ method, it is very important to call the
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# base class __del__. otherwise the c++ objects will never
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# be deleted.
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example.Manager.__del__(self)
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# Create an instance of our employee extension class, CEO. The calls to
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# getName() and getPosition() are standard, the call to getTitle() uses
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# the director wrappers to call CEO.getPosition. e = CEO("Alice")
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e = CEO("Alice")
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print e.getName(), "is a", e.getPosition()
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print "Just call her \"%s\"" % e.getTitle()
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print "----------------------"
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# Create a new EmployeeList instance. This class does not have a C++
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# director wrapper, but can be used freely with other classes that do.
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list = example.EmployeeList()
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# EmployeeList owns its items, so we must surrender ownership of objects
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# we add. This involves first calling the __disown__ method to tell the
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# C++ director to start reference counting. We reassign the resulting
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# weakref.proxy to e so that no hard references remain. This can also be
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# done when the object is constructed, as in: e =
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# CEO("Alice").__disown__()
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e = e.__disown__()
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list.addEmployee(e)
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print "----------------------"
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# Now we access the first four items in list (three are C++ objects that
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# EmployeeList's constructor adds, the last is our CEO). The virtual
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# methods of all these instances are treated the same. For items 0, 1, and
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# 2, both all methods resolve in C++. For item 3, our CEO, getTitle calls
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# getPosition which resolves in Python. The call to getPosition is
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# slightly different, however, from the e.getPosition() call above, since
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# now the object reference has been "laundered" by passing through
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# EmployeeList as an Employee*. Previously, Python resolved the call
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# immediately in CEO, but now Python thinks the object is an instance of
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# class Employee (actually EmployeePtr). So the call passes through the
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# Employee shadow class and on to the C wrappers and C++ director,
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# eventually ending up back at the CEO implementation of getPosition().
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# The call to getTitle() for item 3 runs the C++ Employee::getTitle()
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# method, which in turn calls getPosition(). This virtual method call
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# passes down through the C++ director class to the Python implementation
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# in CEO. All this routing takes place transparently.
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print "(position, title) for items 0-3:"
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print " %s, \"%s\"" % (list.get_item(0).getPosition(), list.get_item(0).getTitle())
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print " %s, \"%s\"" % (list.get_item(1).getPosition(), list.get_item(1).getTitle())
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print " %s, \"%s\"" % (list.get_item(2).getPosition(), list.get_item(2).getTitle())
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print " %s, \"%s\"" % (list.get_item(3).getPosition(), list.get_item(3).getTitle())
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print "----------------------"
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# Time to delete the EmployeeList, which will delete all the Employee*
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# items it contains. The last item is our CEO, which gets destroyed as its
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# reference count goes to zero. The Python destructor runs, and is still
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# able to call self.getName() since the underlying C++ object still
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# exists. After this destructor runs the remaining C++ destructors run as
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# usual to destroy the object.
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del list
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print "----------------------"
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# All done.
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print "python exit"
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