cbc/net/loveruby/cflat/compiler/CodeGenerator.java

1142 lines
33 KiB
Java

package net.loveruby.cflat.compiler;
import net.loveruby.cflat.platform.Platform;
import net.loveruby.cflat.ast.Location;
import net.loveruby.cflat.entity.*;
import net.loveruby.cflat.ir.*;
import net.loveruby.cflat.asm.*;
import java.util.*;
public class CodeGenerator implements IRVisitor<Void,Void>, ELFConstants {
// #@@range/ctor{
protected CodeGeneratorOptions options;
protected Platform platform;
protected ErrorHandler errorHandler;
protected LinkedList<AssemblyFile> asStack;
protected AssemblyFile as;
protected Type naturalType;
protected Label epilogue;
public CodeGenerator(CodeGeneratorOptions options,
Platform platform,
ErrorHandler errorHandler) {
this.options = options;
this.platform = platform;
this.errorHandler = errorHandler;
this.asStack = new LinkedList<AssemblyFile>();
}
// #@@}
/** Compiles IR and generates assembly code. */
// #@@range/generate{
public String generate(IR ir) {
this.naturalType = ir.naturalType();
pushAssembler();
SymbolTable constSymbols = new SymbolTable(AssemblyFile.CONST_SYMBOL_BASE);
for (ConstantEntry ent : ir.constantTable().entries()) {
locateConstant(ent, constSymbols);
}
for (Variable var : ir.allGlobalVariables()) {
locateGlobalVariable(var);
}
for (Function func : ir.allFunctions()) {
locateFunction(func);
}
compileIR(ir);
return popAssembler().toSource();
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/pushAssembler{
protected void pushAssembler() {
this.as = new AssemblyFile(naturalType);
asStack.add(this.as);
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/popAssembler{
protected AssemblyFile popAssembler() {
AssemblyFile popped = asStack.removeLast();
this.as = asStack.isEmpty() ? null : asStack.getLast();
return popped;
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/compileIR{
public void compileIR(IR ir) {
as._file(ir.fileName());
// .data
List<DefinedVariable> gvars = ir.definedGlobalVariables();
if (!gvars.isEmpty()) {
as._data();
for (DefinedVariable gvar : gvars) {
dataEntry(gvar);
}
}
if (!ir.constantTable().isEmpty()) {
as._section(".rodata");
for (ConstantEntry ent : ir.constantTable()) {
compileStringLiteral(ent);
}
}
// .text
if (ir.functionDefined()) {
as._text();
for (DefinedFunction func : ir.definedFunctions()) {
compileFunction(func);
}
}
// .bss
for (DefinedVariable var : ir.definedCommonSymbols()) {
compileCommonSymbol(var);
}
// others
if (options.isPositionIndependent()) {
PICThunk(GOTBaseReg());
}
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/locateConstant{
protected void locateConstant(ConstantEntry ent, SymbolTable symbols) {
ent.setSymbol(symbols.newSymbol());
if (options.isPositionIndependent()) {
Symbol offset = localGOTSymbol(ent.symbol());
ent.setMemref(mem(offset, GOTBaseReg()));
}
else {
ent.setMemref(mem(ent.symbol()));
ent.setAddress(imm(ent.symbol()));
}
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/locateGlobalVariable{
protected void locateGlobalVariable(Entity ent) {
Symbol sym = ent.isPrivate() ? privateSymbol(ent.symbolString())
: globalSymbol(ent.symbolString());
if (options.isPositionIndependent()) {
if (ent.isPrivate() || optimizeGvarAccess(ent)) {
ent.setMemref(mem(localGOTSymbol(sym), GOTBaseReg()));
}
else {
ent.setAddress(mem(globalGOTSymbol(sym), GOTBaseReg()));
}
}
else {
ent.setMemref(mem(sym));
}
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/locateFunction{
protected void locateFunction(Function func) {
func.setCallingSymbol(callingSymbol(func));
locateGlobalVariable(func);
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/callingSymbol{
protected Symbol callingSymbol(Function func) {
if (func.isPrivate()) {
return privateSymbol(func.symbolString());
}
else {
Symbol sym = globalSymbol(func.symbolString());
return doesIndirectAccess(func) ? PLTSymbol(sym) : sym;
}
}
// #@@}
// condition to use indirect access (using PLT to call, GOT to refer).
// In PIC, we do use indirect access for all global variables.
// In PIE, we do use direct access for file-local reference.
// #@@range/doesIndirectAccess{
protected boolean doesIndirectAccess(Entity ent) {
return options.isPositionIndependent() && !optimizeGvarAccess(ent);
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/optimizeGvarAccess{
protected boolean optimizeGvarAccess(Entity ent) {
return options.isPIERequired() && ent.isDefined();
}
// #@@}
/** Generates initialized entries */
// #@@range/dataEntry{
protected void dataEntry(DefinedVariable ent) {
Symbol sym = globalSymbol(ent.symbolString());
if (!ent.isPrivate()) {
as._globl(sym);
}
as._align(ent.alignment());
as._type(sym, "@object");
as._size(sym, ent.allocSize());
as.label(sym);
compileImmediate(ent.type().allocSize(), ent.ir());
}
// #@@}
/** Generates immediate values for .data section */
// #@@range/compileImmediates{
protected void compileImmediate(long size, Expr node) {
if (node instanceof Int) {
Int expr = (Int)node;
switch ((int)size) {
case 1: as._byte(expr.value()); break;
case 2: as._value(expr.value()); break;
case 4: as._long(expr.value()); break;
case 8: as._quad(expr.value()); break;
default:
throw new Error("entry size must be 1,2,4,8");
}
}
else if (node instanceof Str) {
Str expr = (Str)node;
switch ((int)size) {
case 4: as._long(expr.symbol()); break;
case 8: as._quad(expr.symbol()); break;
default:
throw new Error("pointer size must be 4,8");
}
}
else {
throw new Error("unknown literal node type" + node.getClass());
}
}
// #@@}
/** Generates BSS entries */
// #@@range/compileCommonSymbol{
protected void compileCommonSymbol(DefinedVariable var) {
Symbol sym = globalSymbol(var.symbolString());
if (var.isPrivate()) {
as._local(sym);
}
as._comm(sym, var.allocSize(), var.alignment());
}
// #@@}
/** Generates .rodata entry (constant strings) */
// #@@range/compileStringLiteral{
protected void compileStringLiteral(ConstantEntry ent) {
as.label(ent.symbol());
as._string(ent.value());
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/globalSymbol{
// platform dependent
protected Symbol globalSymbol(String sym) {
return new NamedSymbol(sym);
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/privateSymbol{
// platform dependent
protected Symbol privateSymbol(String sym) {
return new NamedSymbol(sym);
}
// #@@}
//
// PIC/PIE related constants and codes
//
// #@@range/pic_methods{
static protected final Symbol GOT =
new NamedSymbol("_GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_");
protected void loadGOTBaseAddress(Register reg) {
as.call(PICThunkSymbol(reg));
as.add(imm(GOT), reg);
}
protected Register GOTBaseReg() {
return reg("bx");
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/pic_symbols{
protected Symbol globalGOTSymbol(Symbol base) {
return new SuffixedSymbol(base, "@GOT");
}
protected Symbol localGOTSymbol(Symbol base) {
return new SuffixedSymbol(base, "@GOTOFF");
}
protected Symbol PLTSymbol(Symbol base) {
return new SuffixedSymbol(base, "@PLT");
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/pic_thunk_helper{
protected Symbol PICThunkSymbol(Register reg) {
return new NamedSymbol("__i686.get_pc_thunk." + reg.baseName());
}
static protected final String
PICThunkSectionFlags = SectionFlag_allocatable
+ SectionFlag_executable
+ SectionFlag_sectiongroup;
// #@@}
/**
* Output PIC thunk.
* ELF section declaration format is:
*
* .section NAME, FLAGS, TYPE, flag_arguments
*
* FLAGS, TYPE, flag_arguments are optional.
* For "M" flag (a member of a section group),
* following format is used:
*
* .section NAME, "...M", TYPE, section_group_name, linkage
*/
// #@@range/PICThunk{
protected void PICThunk(Register reg) {
Symbol sym = PICThunkSymbol(reg);
as._section(".text" + "." + sym.toSource(),
"\"" + PICThunkSectionFlags + "\"",
SectionType_bits, // This section contains data
sym.toSource(), // The name of section group
Linkage_linkonce); // Only 1 copy should be generated
as._globl(sym);
as._hidden(sym);
as._type(sym, SymbolType_function);
as.label(sym);
as.mov(mem(sp()), reg); // fetch saved EIP to the GOT base register
as.ret();
}
// #@@}
//
// Compile Function
//
/* Standard IA-32 stack frame layout
*
* ======================= esp #3 (stack top just before function call)
* next arg 1
* ---------------------
* next arg 2
* ---------------------
* next arg 3
* --------------------- esp #2 (stack top after alloca call)
* alloca area
* --------------------- esp #1 (stack top just after prelude)
* temporary
* variables...
* --------------------- -16(%ebp)
* lvar 3
* --------------------- -12(%ebp)
* lvar 2
* --------------------- -8(%ebp)
* lvar 1
* --------------------- -4(%ebp)
* callee-saved register
* ======================= 0(%ebp)
* saved ebp
* --------------------- 4(%ebp)
* return address
* --------------------- 8(%ebp)
* arg 1
* --------------------- 12(%ebp)
* arg 2
* --------------------- 16(%ebp)
* arg 3
* ...
* ...
* ======================= stack bottom
*/
/** Compiles a function. */
// #@@range/compileFunction{
public void compileFunction(DefinedFunction func) {
allocateParameters(func);
allocateLocalVariablesTemp(func.body().scope());
Symbol sym = globalSymbol(func.name());
if (! func.isPrivate()) {
as._globl(sym);
}
as._type(sym, "@function");
as.label(sym);
compileFunctionBody(func);
as._size(sym, ".-" + sym.toSource());
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/compileFunctionBody{
protected void compileFunctionBody(DefinedFunction func) {
initVirtualStack();
List<Assembly> bodyAsms = compileStmts(func);
long maxTmpBytes = maxTmpBytes();
AsmStatistics stats = AsmStatistics.collect(bodyAsms);
bodyAsms = reduceLabels(bodyAsms, stats);
List<Register> saveRegs = usedCalleeSavedRegistersWithoutBP(stats);
long saveRegsBytes = platform.stackSizeFromWordNum(saveRegs.size());
long lvarBytes = allocateLocalVariables(
func.body().scope(), saveRegsBytes);
fixTmpOffsets(bodyAsms, saveRegsBytes + lvarBytes);
if (options.isVerboseAsm()) {
printStackFrameLayout(
saveRegsBytes, lvarBytes, maxTmpBytes,
func.localVariables());
}
initVirtualStack();
prologue(func, saveRegs, saveRegsBytes + lvarBytes + maxTmpBytes);
if (options.isPositionIndependent()
&& stats.doesRegisterUsed(GOTBaseReg())) {
loadGOTBaseAddress(GOTBaseReg());
}
as.addAll(bodyAsms);
epilogue(func, saveRegs, lvarBytes);
}
// #@@}
protected void printStackFrameLayout(
long saveRegsBytes, long lvarBytes, long maxTmpBytes,
List<DefinedVariable> lvars) {
List<MemInfo> vars = new ArrayList<MemInfo>();
for (DefinedVariable var : lvars) {
vars.add(new MemInfo(var.memref(), var.name()));
}
vars.add(new MemInfo(mem(0, bp()), "return address"));
vars.add(new MemInfo(mem(4, bp()), "saved %ebp"));
if (saveRegsBytes > 0) {
vars.add(new MemInfo(mem(-saveRegsBytes, bp()),
"saved callee-saved registers (" + saveRegsBytes + " bytes)"));
}
if (maxTmpBytes > 0) {
long offset = -(saveRegsBytes + lvarBytes + maxTmpBytes);
vars.add(new MemInfo(mem(offset, bp()),
"tmp variables (" + maxTmpBytes + " bytes)"));
}
Collections.sort(vars, new Comparator<MemInfo>() {
public int compare(MemInfo x, MemInfo y) {
return x.mem.compareTo(y.mem);
}
});
as.comment("---- Stack Frame Layout -----------");
for (MemInfo info : vars) {
as.comment(info.mem.toString() + ": " + info.name);
}
as.comment("-----------------------------------");
}
class MemInfo {
MemoryReference mem;
String name;
MemInfo(MemoryReference mem, String name) {
this.mem = mem;
this.name = name;
}
}
// #@@range/compileStmts{
protected List<Assembly> compileStmts(DefinedFunction func) {
pushAssembler();
epilogue = new Label();
for (Stmt s : func.ir()) {
compileStmt(s);
}
as.label(epilogue);
return options.optimizer().optimize(popAssembler().assemblies());
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/reduceLabels{
protected List<Assembly> reduceLabels(List<Assembly> assemblies, AsmStatistics stats) {
List<Assembly> result = new ArrayList<Assembly>();
for (Assembly asm : assemblies) {
if (asm.isLabel() && ! stats.doesSymbolUsed((Label)asm)) {
;
}
else {
result.add(asm);
}
}
return result;
}
// #@@}
protected List<Register> usedCalleeSavedRegistersWithoutBP(AsmStatistics stats) {
List<Register> result = new ArrayList<Register>();
for (Register reg : calleeSavedRegisters()) {
if (stats.doesRegisterUsed(reg) && !reg.equals(bp())) {
result.add(reg);
}
}
return result;
}
protected List<Register> calleeSavedRegistersCache = null;
// platform dependent
protected List<Register> calleeSavedRegisters() {
if (calleeSavedRegistersCache == null) {
List<Register> regs = new ArrayList<Register>();
regs.add(reg("bx"));
regs.add(reg("si"));
regs.add(reg("di"));
regs.add(reg("bp"));
calleeSavedRegistersCache = regs;
}
return calleeSavedRegistersCache;
}
// #@@range/prologue{
protected void prologue(DefinedFunction func,
List<Register> saveRegs,
long frameSize) {
as.push(bp());
as.mov(sp(), bp());
saveRegisters(saveRegs);
extendStack(frameSize);
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/epilogue{
protected void epilogue(DefinedFunction func,
List<Register> savedRegs,
long lvarBytes) {
restoreRegisters(savedRegs);
as.mov(bp(), sp());
as.pop(bp());
as.ret();
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/saveRegisters{
protected void saveRegisters(List<Register> saveRegs) {
for (Register reg : saveRegs) {
virtualPush(reg);
}
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/restoreRegisters{
protected void restoreRegisters(List<Register> savedRegs) {
ListIterator<Register> regs = savedRegs.listIterator(savedRegs.size());
while (regs.hasPrevious()) {
virtualPop(regs.previous());
}
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/allocateParameters{
static final private long paramStartWordNum = 2;
// return addr and saved bp
protected void allocateParameters(DefinedFunction func) {
long numWords = paramStartWordNum;
for (Parameter var : func.parameters()) {
var.setMemref(mem(platform.stackSizeFromWordNum(numWords), bp()));
numWords++;
}
}
// #@@}
/**
* Allocates addresses of local variables, but offset is still
* not determined, assign unfixed IndirectMemoryReference.
*/
// #@@range/allocateVariablesTemp{
protected void allocateLocalVariablesTemp(LocalScope scope) {
for (DefinedVariable var : scope.allLocalVariables()) {
var.setMemref(new IndirectMemoryReference(bp()));
}
}
// #@@}
/**
* Fixes addresses of local variables.
* Returns byte-length of the local variable area.
* Note that numSavedRegs includes bp.
*/
// #@@range/allocateVariables{
protected long allocateLocalVariables(LocalScope scope, long initLen) {
long maxLen = allocateScope(scope, initLen);
return maxLen - initLen;
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/allocateScope{
protected long allocateScope(LocalScope scope, long parentStackLen) {
long len = parentStackLen;
for (DefinedVariable var : scope.localVariables()) {
len = platform.alignStack(len + var.allocSize());
fixMemref((IndirectMemoryReference)var.memref(), -len);
}
// Allocate local variables in child scopes.
// We allocate child scopes in the same area (overrapped).
long maxLen = len;
for (LocalScope s : scope.children()) {
long childLen = allocateScope(s, len);
maxLen = Math.max(maxLen, childLen);
}
return maxLen;
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/fixMemref{
protected void fixMemref(IndirectMemoryReference memref, long offset) {
memref.fixOffset(offset);
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/extendStack{
protected void extendStack(long len) {
if (len > 0) {
as.sub(imm(len), sp());
}
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/rewindStack{
protected void rewindStack(long len) {
if (len > 0) {
as.add(imm(len), sp());
}
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/virtual_stack{
protected long stackPointer;
protected long stackPointerMax;
protected void initVirtualStack() {
stackPointer = 0;
stackPointerMax = stackPointer;
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/maxTmpBytes{
protected long maxTmpBytes() {
return stackPointerMax;
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/stackTop{
protected IndirectMemoryReference stackTop() {
return mem(-stackPointer, bp());
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/virtualPush{
protected void virtualPush(Register reg) {
extendVirtualStack(platform.stackWordSize());
as.relocatableMov(reg, stackTop());
if (options.isVerboseAsm()) {
as.comment("push " + reg.name() + " -> " + stackTop());
}
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/virtualPop{
protected void virtualPop(Register reg) {
if (options.isVerboseAsm()) {
as.comment("pop " + reg.name() + " <- " + stackTop());
}
as.relocatableMov(stackTop(), reg);
rewindVirtualStack(platform.stackWordSize());
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/extendVirtualStack{
protected void extendVirtualStack(long len) {
stackPointer += len;
stackPointerMax = Math.max(stackPointerMax, stackPointer);
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/rewindVirtualStack{
protected void rewindVirtualStack(long len) {
stackPointer -= len;
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/fixTmpOffsets{
protected void fixTmpOffsets(List<Assembly> asms, long offset) {
for (Assembly asm : asms) {
asm.fixStackOffset(-offset);
}
}
// #@@}
/**
* Implements cdecl function call:
* * All arguments are on stack.
* * Rewind stack by caller.
*/
// #@@range/compile_Funcall{
public Void visit(Call node) {
// compile function arguments from right to left.
ListIterator<Expr> args = node.finalArg();
while (args.hasPrevious()) {
compile(args.previous());
as.push(reg("ax"));
}
// call
if (node.isStaticCall()) {
// call via function name
as.call(node.function().callingSymbol());
}
else {
// call via pointer
compile(node.expr());
as.callAbsolute(reg("ax"));
}
// rewind stack
// >4 bytes arguments are not supported.
rewindStack(platform.stackSizeFromWordNum(node.numArgs()));
return null;
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/compile_Return{
public Void visit(Return node) {
if (node.expr() != null) {
compile(node.expr());
}
as.jmp(epilogue);
return null;
}
// #@@}
//
// Statements
//
// #@@range/compileStmt{
protected void compileStmt(Stmt stmt) {
if (options.isVerboseAsm()) {
if (stmt.location() != null) {
as.comment(stmt.location().numberedLine());
}
}
stmt.accept(this);
}
// #@@}
public Void visit(ExprStmt stmt) {
compile(stmt.expr());
return null;
}
// #@@range/testCond{
private void testCond(Type t, Register reg) {
as.test(t, reg.forType(t), reg.forType(t));
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/compile_BranchIf{
public Void visit(BranchIf node) {
compile(node.cond());
testCond(node.cond().type(), reg("ax"));
as.jnz(node.thenLabel());
as.jmp(node.elseLabel());
return null;
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/compile_Switch{
public Void visit(Switch node) {
compile(node.cond());
Type t = node.cond().type();
for (Case c : node.cases()) {
as.mov(imm(c.value), reg("cx"));
as.cmp(t, reg("cx", t), reg("ax", t));
as.je(c.label);
}
as.jmp(node.defaultLabel());
return null;
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/compile_LabelStmt{
public Void visit(LabelStmt node) {
as.label(node.label());
return null;
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/compile_Jump{
public Void visit(Jump node) {
as.jmp(node.label());
return null;
}
// #@@}
//
// Expressions
//
// #@@range/compile{
protected void compile(Expr n) {
if (options.isVerboseAsm()) {
as.comment(n.getClass().getSimpleName() + " {");
as.indentComment();
}
n.accept(this);
if (options.isVerboseAsm()) {
as.unindentComment();
as.comment("}");
}
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/compile_Bin{
public Void visit(Bin node) {
AsmOperand right = null;
if (!doesSpillRegister(node.op()) && node.right().isConstant()){
compile(node.left());
right = node.right().asmValue();
}
else if (node.right().isConstantAddress()) {
compile(node.left());
loadVariable((Var)node.right(), reg("cx"));
right = reg("cx", node.type());
}
else {
compile(node.right());
virtualPush(reg("ax"));
compile(node.left());
virtualPop(reg("cx"));
right = reg("cx", node.type());
}
compileBinaryOp(node.type(), node.op(), reg("ax", node.type()), right);
return null;
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/doesSpillRegister{
protected boolean doesSpillRegister(Op op) {
switch (op) {
case S_DIV:
case U_DIV:
case S_MOD:
case U_MOD:
case BIT_LSHIFT:
case BIT_RSHIFT:
case ARITH_RSHIFT:
return true;
default:
return false;
}
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/compileBinaryOp_begin{
protected void compileBinaryOp(Type t, Op op,
Register left, AsmOperand right) {
// #@@range/compileBinaryOp_arithops{
switch (op) {
case ADD:
as.add(t, right, left);
break;
case SUB:
as.sub(t, right, left);
break;
// #@@range/compileBinaryOp_begin}
case MUL:
as.imul(t, right, left);
break;
case S_DIV:
case S_MOD:
as.cltd();
as.idiv(t, reg("cx", t));
if (op == Op.S_MOD) {
as.mov(reg("dx"), left);
}
break;
case U_DIV:
case U_MOD:
as.mov(imm(0), reg("dx"));
as.div(t, reg("cx", t));
if (op == Op.U_MOD) {
as.mov(reg("dx"), left);
}
break;
// #@@}
// #@@range/compileBinaryOp_bitops{
case BIT_AND:
as.and(t, right, left);
break;
case BIT_OR:
as.or(t, right, left);
break;
case BIT_XOR:
as.xor(t, right, left);
break;
case BIT_LSHIFT:
as.sal(t, cl(), left);
break;
case BIT_RSHIFT:
as.shr(t, cl(), left);
break;
case ARITH_RSHIFT:
as.sar(t, cl(), left);
break;
// #@@}
// #@@range/compileBinaryOp_cmpops{
default:
// Comparison operators
as.cmp(t, right, reg("ax", t));
switch (op) {
case EQ: as.sete (al()); break;
case NEQ: as.setne(al()); break;
case S_GT: as.setg (al()); break;
case S_GTEQ: as.setge(al()); break;
case S_LT: as.setl (al()); break;
case S_LTEQ: as.setle(al()); break;
case U_GT: as.seta (al()); break;
case U_GTEQ: as.setae(al()); break;
case U_LT: as.setb (al()); break;
case U_LTEQ: as.setbe(al()); break;
default:
throw new Error("unknown binary operator: " + op);
}
as.movzb(t, al(), reg("ax", t));
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/compileBinaryOp_end{
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/compile_Uni{
public Void visit(Uni node) {
compile(node.expr());
switch (node.op()) {
case UMINUS:
as.neg(node.expr().type(), reg("ax", node.expr().type()));
break;
case BIT_NOT:
as.not(node.expr().type(), reg("ax", node.expr().type()));
break;
case NOT:
testCond(node.expr().type(), reg("ax"));
as.sete(al());
as.movzbl(al(), reg("ax"));
break;
case S_CAST:
{
Type src = node.expr().type();
Type dest = node.type();
as.movsx(src, dest,
reg("ax").forType(src), reg("ax").forType(dest));
}
break;
case U_CAST:
{
Type src = node.expr().type();
Type dest = node.type();
as.movzx(src, dest,
reg("ax").forType(src), reg("ax").forType(dest));
}
break;
default:
throw new Error("unknown unary operator: " + node.op());
}
return null;
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/compile_Var{
public Void visit(Var node) {
loadVariable(node, reg("ax"));
return null;
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/compile_Int{
public Void visit(Int node) {
loadConstant(node, reg("ax"));
return null;
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/compile_Str{
public Void visit(Str node) {
loadConstant(node, reg("ax"));
return null;
}
// #@@}
//
// Assignable expressions
//
private void compileLHS(Expr lhs) {
if (lhs instanceof Var) {
// for variables: apply loadVariableAddress
loadVariableAddress((Var)lhs, reg("ax"));
}
else if (lhs instanceof Mem) {
// for *expr: remove Mem
compile(((Mem)lhs).expr());
}
else {
// otherwise: fatal error
throw new Error("must not happen: " + lhs.getClass());
}
}
// #@@range/compile_Assign{
public Void visit(Assign node) {
if (node.lhs().isConstantAddress() && node.lhs().memref() != null) {
compile(node.rhs());
save(node.lhs().type(), reg("ax"), node.lhs().memref());
}
else if (node.rhs().isConstant()) {
compileLHS(node.lhs());
as.mov(reg("ax"), reg("cx"));
loadConstant(node.rhs(), reg("ax"));
save(node.lhs().type(), reg("ax"), mem(reg("cx")));
}
else {
compile(node.rhs());
virtualPush(reg("ax"));
compileLHS(node.lhs());
as.mov(reg("ax"), reg("cx"));
virtualPop(reg("ax"));
save(node.lhs().type(), reg("ax"), mem(reg("cx")));
}
return null;
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/compile_Mem{
public Void visit(Mem node) {
compile(node.expr());
load(node.type(), mem(reg("ax")), reg("ax"));
return null;
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/compile_Addr{
public Void visit(Addr node) {
compileLHS(node.expr());
return null;
}
// #@@}
//
// Utilities
//
/**
* Loads constant value. You must check node by #isConstant
* before calling this method.
*/
// #@@range/loadConstant{
protected void loadConstant(Expr node, Register reg) {
if (node.asmValue() != null) {
as.mov(node.asmValue(), reg);
}
else if (node.memref() != null) {
as.lea(node.memref(), reg);
}
else {
throw new Error("must not happen: constant has no asm value");
}
}
// #@@}
/** Loads variable value to the register. */
// #@@range/loadVariable{
protected void loadVariable(Var var, Register dest) {
if (var.memref() == null) {
as.mov(var.address(), dest);
load(var.type(), mem(dest), dest);
}
else {
// regular variable
load(var.type(), var.memref(), dest);
}
}
// #@@}
/** Loads the address of the variable to the register. */
// #@@range/loadVariableAddress{
protected void loadVariableAddress(Var var, Register dest) {
if (var.address() != null) {
as.mov(var.address(), dest);
}
else {
as.lea(var.memref(), dest);
}
}
// #@@}
//
// x86 assembly DSL
//
// #@@range/dsl_regs{
protected Register bp() { return reg("bp"); }
protected Register sp() { return reg("sp"); }
protected Register al() { return new Register(1, "ax"); }
protected Register cl() { return new Register(1, "cx"); }
// #@@}
// #@@range/reg{
protected Register reg(String name, Type type) {
return new Register(name).forType(type);
}
protected Register reg(String name) {
return new Register(name);
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/mem{
protected DirectMemoryReference mem(Symbol sym) {
return new DirectMemoryReference(sym);
}
protected IndirectMemoryReference mem(Register reg) {
return new IndirectMemoryReference(0, reg);
}
protected IndirectMemoryReference mem(long offset, Register reg) {
return new IndirectMemoryReference(offset, reg);
}
protected IndirectMemoryReference mem(Symbol offset, Register reg) {
return new IndirectMemoryReference(offset, reg);
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/imm{
protected ImmediateValue imm(long n) {
return new ImmediateValue(n);
}
protected ImmediateValue imm(Symbol sym) {
return new ImmediateValue(sym);
}
protected ImmediateValue imm(Literal lit) {
return new ImmediateValue(lit);
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/load{
protected void load(Type type, MemoryReference mem, Register reg) {
as.mov(type, mem, reg.forType(type));
}
// #@@}
// #@@range/save{
protected void save(Type type, Register reg, MemoryReference mem) {
as.mov(type, reg.forType(type), mem);
}
// #@@}
}