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370 lines
11 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"
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"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
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<html>
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<head>
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
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<title>Getting Started with LLVM System for Microsoft Visual Studio</title>
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="llvm.css" type="text/css">
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</head>
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<body>
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<h1>
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Getting Started with the LLVM System using Microsoft Visual Studio
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</h1>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="#overview">Overview</a>
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<li><a href="#requirements">Requirements</a>
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<ol>
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<li><a href="#hardware">Hardware</a>
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<li><a href="#software">Software</a>
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</ol></li>
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<li><a href="#quickstart">Getting Started</a>
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<li><a href="#tutorial">An Example Using the LLVM Tool Chain</a>
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<li><a href="#problems">Common Problems</a>
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<li><a href="#links">Links</a>
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</ul>
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<div class="doc_author">
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<p>Written by: <a href="http://llvm.org/">The LLVM Team</a></p>
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</div>
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<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
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<h2>
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<a name="overview"><b>Overview</b></a>
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</h2>
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<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
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<div>
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<p>Welcome to LLVM on Windows! This document only covers LLVM on Windows using
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Visual Studio, not mingw or cygwin. In order to get started, you first need to
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know some basic information.</p>
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<p>There are many different projects that compose LLVM. The first is the LLVM
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suite. This contains all of the tools, libraries, and header files needed to
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use the low level virtual machine. It contains an assembler, disassembler,
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bitcode analyzer and bitcode optimizer. It also contains a test suite that can
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be used to test the LLVM tools.</p>
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<p>Another useful project on Windows is
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<a href="http://clang.llvm.org/">clang</a>. Clang is a C family
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([Objective]C/C++) compiler. Clang mostly works on Windows, but does not
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currently understand all of the Microsoft extensions to C and C++. Because of
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this, clang cannot parse the C++ standard library included with Visual Studio,
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nor parts of the Windows Platform SDK. However, most standard C programs do
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compile. Clang can be used to emit bitcode, directly emit object files or
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even linked executables using Visual Studio's <tt>link.exe</tt></p>
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<p>The large LLVM test suite cannot be run on the Visual Studio port at this
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time.</p>
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<p>Most of the tools build and work. <tt>bugpoint</tt> does build, but does
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not work.</p>
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<p>Additional information about the LLVM directory structure and tool chain
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can be found on the main <a href="GettingStarted.html">Getting Started</a>
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page.</p>
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</div>
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<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
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<h2>
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<a name="requirements"><b>Requirements</b></a>
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</h2>
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<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
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<div>
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<p>Before you begin to use the LLVM system, review the requirements given
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below. This may save you some trouble by knowing ahead of time what hardware
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and software you will need.</p>
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<!-- ======================================================================= -->
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<h3>
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<a name="hardware"><b>Hardware</b></a>
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</h3>
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<div>
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<p>Any system that can adequately run Visual Studio .NET 2005 SP1 is fine.
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The LLVM source tree and object files, libraries and executables will consume
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approximately 3GB.</p>
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</div>
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<!-- ======================================================================= -->
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<h3><a name="software"><b>Software</b></a></h3>
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<div>
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<p>You will need Visual Studio .NET 2005 SP1 or higher. The VS2005 SP1
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beta and the normal VS2005 still have bugs that are not completely
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compatible. Earlier versions of Visual Studio do not support the C++ standard
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well enough and will not work.</p>
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<p>You will also need the <a href="http://www.cmake.org/">CMake</a> build
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system since it generates the project files you will use to build with.</p>
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<p>If you would like to run the LLVM tests you will need
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<a href="http://www.python.org/">Python</a>. Versions 2.4-2.7 are known to
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work. You will need <a href="http://gnuwin32.sourceforge.net/">"GnuWin32"</a>
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tools, too.</p>
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<p>Do not install the LLVM directory tree into a path containing spaces (e.g.
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C:\Documents and Settings\...) as the configure step will fail.</p>
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</div>
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</div>
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<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
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<h2>
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<a name="quickstart"><b>Getting Started</b></a>
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</h2>
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<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
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<div>
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<p>Here's the short story for getting up and running quickly with LLVM:</p>
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<ol>
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<li>Read the documentation.</li>
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<li>Seriously, read the documentation.</li>
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<li>Remember that you were warned twice about reading the documentation.</li>
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<li>Get the Source Code
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<ul>
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<li>With the distributed files:
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<ol>
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<li><tt>cd <i>where-you-want-llvm-to-live</i></tt>
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<li><tt>gunzip --stdout llvm-<i>version</i>.tar.gz | tar -xvf -</tt>
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<i> or use WinZip</i>
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<li><tt>cd llvm</tt></li>
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</ol></li>
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<li>With anonymous Subversion access:
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<ol>
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<li><tt>cd <i>where-you-want-llvm-to-live</i></tt></li>
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<li><tt>svn co http://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/llvm/trunk llvm</tt></li>
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<li><tt>cd llvm</tt></li>
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</ol></li>
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</ul></li>
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<li> Use <a href="http://www.cmake.org/">CMake</a> to generate up-to-date
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project files:
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<ul>
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<li>Once CMake is installed then the simplest way is to just start the
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CMake GUI, select the directory where you have LLVM extracted to, and the
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default options should all be fine. One option you may really want to
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change, regardless of anything else, might be the CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX
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setting to select a directory to INSTALL to once compiling is complete,
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although installation is not mandatory for using LLVM. Another important
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option is LLVM_TARGETS_TO_BUILD, which controls the LLVM target
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architectures that are included on the build.
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<li>See the <a href="CMake.html">LLVM CMake guide</a> for
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detailed information about how to configure the LLVM
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build.</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li>Start Visual Studio
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<ul>
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<li>In the directory you created the project files will have
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an <tt>llvm.sln</tt> file, just double-click on that to open
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Visual Studio.</li>
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</ul></li>
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<li>Build the LLVM Suite:
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<ul>
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<li>The projects may still be built individually, but
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to build them all do not just select all of them in batch build (as some
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are meant as configuration projects), but rather select and build just
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the ALL_BUILD project to build everything, or the INSTALL project, which
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first builds the ALL_BUILD project, then installs the LLVM headers, libs,
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and other useful things to the directory set by the CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX
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setting when you first configured CMake.</li>
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<li>The Fibonacci project is a sample program that uses the JIT.
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Modify the project's debugging properties to provide a numeric
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command line argument or run it from the command line. The
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program will print the corresponding fibonacci value.</li>
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</ul></li>
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<li>Test LLVM on Visual Studio:
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<ul>
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<li>If %PATH% does not contain GnuWin32, you may specify LLVM_LIT_TOOLS_DIR
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on CMake for the path to GnuWin32.</li>
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<li>You can run LLVM tests by merely building the project
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"check". The test results will be shown in the VS output
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window.</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<!-- FIXME: Is it up-to-date? -->
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<li>Test LLVM:
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<ul>
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<li>The LLVM tests can be run by <tt>cd</tt>ing to the llvm source directory
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and running:
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<div class="doc_code">
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<pre>
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% llvm-lit test
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</pre>
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</div>
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<p>Note that quite a few of these test will fail.</p>
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</li>
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<li>A specific test or test directory can be run with:
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<div class="doc_code">
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<pre>
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% llvm-lit test/path/to/test
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</pre>
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</div>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</ol>
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</div>
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<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
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<h2>
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<a name="tutorial">An Example Using the LLVM Tool Chain</a>
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</h2>
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<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
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<div>
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<ol>
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<li><p>First, create a simple C file, name it 'hello.c':</p>
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<div class="doc_code">
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<pre>
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#include <stdio.h>
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int main() {
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printf("hello world\n");
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return 0;
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}
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</pre></div></li>
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<li><p>Next, compile the C file into a LLVM bitcode file:</p>
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<div class="doc_code">
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<pre>
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% clang -c hello.c -emit-llvm -o hello.bc
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</pre>
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</div>
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<p>This will create the result file <tt>hello.bc</tt> which is the LLVM
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bitcode that corresponds the the compiled program and the library
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facilities that it required. You can execute this file directly using
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<tt>lli</tt> tool, compile it to native assembly with the <tt>llc</tt>,
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optimize or analyze it further with the <tt>opt</tt> tool, etc.</p>
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<p>Alternatively you can directly output an executable with clang with:
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</p>
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<div class="doc_code">
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<pre>
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% clang hello.c -o hello.exe
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</pre>
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</div>
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<p>The <tt>-o hello.exe</tt> is required because clang currently outputs
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<tt>a.out</tt> when neither <tt>-o</tt> nor <tt>-c</tt> are given.</p>
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<li><p>Run the program using the just-in-time compiler:</p>
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<div class="doc_code">
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<pre>
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% lli hello.bc
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</pre>
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</div>
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<li><p>Use the <tt>llvm-dis</tt> utility to take a look at the LLVM assembly
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code:</p>
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<div class="doc_code">
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<pre>
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% llvm-dis < hello.bc | more
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</pre>
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</div></li>
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<li><p>Compile the program to object code using the LLC code generator:</p>
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<div class="doc_code">
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<pre>
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% llc -filetype=obj hello.bc
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</pre>
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</div></li>
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<li><p>Link to binary using Microsoft link:</p>
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<div class="doc_code">
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<pre>
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% link hello.obj -defaultlib:libcmt
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</pre>
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</div>
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<li><p>Execute the native code program:</p>
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<div class="doc_code">
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<pre>
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% hello.exe
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</pre>
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</div></li>
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</ol>
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</div>
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<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
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<h2>
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<a name="problems">Common Problems</a>
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</h2>
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<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
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<div>
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<p>If you are having problems building or using LLVM, or if you have any other
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general questions about LLVM, please consult the <a href="FAQ.html">Frequently
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Asked Questions</a> page.</p>
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</div>
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<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
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<h2>
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<a name="links">Links</a>
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</h2>
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<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
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<div>
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<p>This document is just an <b>introduction</b> to how to use LLVM to do
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some simple things... there are many more interesting and complicated things
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that you can do that aren't documented here (but we'll gladly accept a patch
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if you want to write something up!). For more information about LLVM, check
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out:</p>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="http://llvm.org/">LLVM homepage</a></li>
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<li><a href="http://llvm.org/doxygen/">LLVM doxygen tree</a></li>
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</ul>
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</div>
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<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
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<hr>
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<address>
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<a href="http://llvm.org/">The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure</a><br>
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Last modified: $Date$
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